1、 2001 Standard for Forced-Circulation Air-Cooling and Air-Heating Coils AHRI Standard 410-2001 (Formerly ARI Standard 410-2001) AHRI STANDARD 410-2001 WITH ADDENDUM 3, Forced-Circulation Air-Heating and Air-Cooling Coils June 2011 AHRI Standard 410-2001 with Addendum 3, Forced-Circulation Air-Heatin
2、g and Air-Cooling Coils, is comprised of only the shaded portions shown. The June 2011 Addendum 3 has been incorporated into the already published 2001 version of AHRI Standard 410 to avoid confusion. Particular additions (shown shaded in the standard), deletions (shown with a strikethrough and shad
3、ed in the standard), and corrections (shown shaded in the standard) are as follows: 1. In the following sections “propylene” was added Certified Ratings item c Table of Contents Figure 16 Sections o 3.1.a o 3.1.1.a o 3.3.1 Table 1 Table 2 Sections o 3.3.2 o 5.2.7 o 5.3.1 o 5.4.3 o 5.4.3.3 o 5.4.3.3.
4、2 o 5.4.3.4 o 5.4.4 o 5.4.8 o 6.2.2 Equations (7b), (7c), (8a), (9a), (10a), figure before (15b), (17b), (18b), (19b), (20b), and (24a) o 6.3.7 (Form 410-7) Sections o 6.4.7 o 7.1 K, l, m, n o 8.1 (cpg), (f), (QgSTD), (Vg), (w), and (xg) o 8.2.2 (ffa) and (g) Figures 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 Air-Condit
5、ioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute 2111 Wilson Blvd, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22201 AHRI STANDARD 410-2001 WITH ADDENDUM 2, Forced-Circulation Air-Heating and Air-Cooling Coils May 2005 AHRI Standard 410-2001 with Addendum 2, Forced-Circulation Air-Heating and Air-Cooling Coils, is comprised
6、 of only the shaded portions shown. The May 2005 Addendum 2 has been incorporated into the already published 2001 version of AHRI Standard 410 to avoid confusion. Particular additions (shown shaded in the standard), deletions (shown with a strikethrough and shaded in the standard), and corrections (
7、shown shaded in the standard) are as follows: 1. In Section 5.2.5.1 the last sentence was replaced with the following : If the calculated capacity is less than 97.5%, new ratings shall be calculated. Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute 2111 Wilson Blvd, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 2220
8、1 AHRI STANDARD 410-2001 WITH ADDENDUM 1, Forced-Circulation Air-Heating and Air-Cooling Coils May 2002 AHRI Standard 410-2001 with Addendum 1, Forced-Circulation Air-Heating and Air-Cooling Coils, is comprised of only the shaded portions shown. The May 2002 Addendum 1 has been incorporated into the
9、 already published 2001 version of AHRI Standard 410 to avoid confusion. Particular additions (shown shaded in the standard), deletions (shown with a strikethrough and shaded in the standard), and corrections (shown shaded in the standard) are as follows: 1. In Section 6.4.1 the second sentence was
10、replaced with the following: Published values of air-side pressure drop, under test, shall not be exceeded by more than 10%, or 0.05 in H2O 12.5 Pa, whichever is greater. Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute 2111 Wilson Blvd, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22201 Price $20.00 (M) $40.00 (NM
11、) Copyright 2001, by Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute Printed in U.S.A. Registered United States Patent and Trademark Office IMPORTANT SAFETY DISCLAIMER AHRI does not set safety standards and does not certify or guarantee the safety of any products, components or systems designe
12、d, tested, rated, installed or operated in accordance with nationally recognized safety standards and code requirements appropriate for products covered by this standard/guideline. AHRI uses its best efforts to develop standards/guidelines employing state-of-the-art and accepted industry practices.
13、AHRI does not certify or guarantee that tests conducted under its standards/guidelines will be non-hazardous or free from risk. AHRI CERTIFICATION PROGRAM PROVISIONS Scope of the Certification Program The Certification Program includes Forced-Circulation Air-Cooling Coils for application under non-f
14、rosting conditions, and Forced-Circulation Air-Heating Coils, as defined in Section 3 of the standard. Coils Included. This program applies only to coils intended: a. For field installation (built-up systems) b. For use in central station air-conditioning units c. For use in central station heating
15、or heating and ventilating units Exclusion. It does not include: a. Coils sold to original equipment manufacturers for inclusion in packaged units b. Coils installed in packaged air-conditioning or heating units by the manufacturer c. Special coils: Coils of fin or tube material of special configura
16、tion not having cataloged performance data Note: For the purpose of this program, a packaged unit is an assembly of components including coil(s) whose rating is based on a test of the complete assembly. Certified Ratings The following Certification Program ratings are verified by test: a. Average to
17、tal cooling or heating capacity, Btu/h W b. Air pressure drop through coil at standard air density, in H2O kPa c. Water, or aqueous ethylene glycol, or aqueous propylene glycol solutions pressure drop through coil (including headers) at average fluid density, ft of fluid m of fluid Note: This standa
18、rd supersedes ARI Standard 410-91. TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE Section 1. Purpose . 1 Section 2. Scope 1 Section 3. Definitions 1 Section 4. Classifications . 4 Section 5. Test Requirements . 12 Section 6. Rating Requirements 18 Section 7. Minimum Data Requirements for Published Ratings . 33 Sect
19、ion 8. Symbols and Units 34 Section 9. Reference Properties and Conversion Factors . 37 Section 10. Marking and Nameplate Data 37 Section 11. Conformance Conditions 37 TABLES Table 1. Range of Standard Rating Conditions . 2 Table 2. Required Laboratory Tests . 12 Table 3. Metal Thermal Conductivitie
20、s 27 Table 4. Conversion Factors . 38 FIGURES Figure 1. Combined Air Film and Metal Thermal Resistance for Dry Surface vs. Air Film Thermal Resistance for Dry Surface 39 Figure 2. Total Metal Thermal Resistance of Fin and Tube Assembly Based on Total Surface Effectiveness . 40 Figure 3. Rating Data
21、for Steam Coils 41 Figure 4. Rating Data for Hot or Cold Water Sensible Heat Coils 42 Figure 5. Rating Data for Cold Water Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils . 43 Figure 6. Rating Data for Volatile Refrigerant Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils 44 Figure 7. Temperature Correction Factor for Water Pressure
22、 Drop . 45 Figure 8. Air-Side Heat Transfer Coefficient Multiplier for Wet Surface 46 Figure 9. Surface Temperature Chart for Air Cooling and Dehumidifying Coil Application 47 Figure 10. Efficiency of Annular Fins of Constant Thickness . 48 Figure 11. Efficiency of Annular Fins of Constant Area for
23、Heat Flow and Spiral Fins 49 Figure 12. Determination of RaW, fr and qt 50 Figure 13. Crossflow Air-Side Effectiveness 51 Figure 14. Cross-Counterflow Air-Side Effectiveness 52 Figure 15. Counterflow Air-Side Effectiveness 53 Figure 16. Aqueous Ethylene Glycol and Aqueous Propylene Glycol Solutions
24、Performance for Smooth Internal Tube Wall Coils 54 Figure 17. Smooth Internal Tube Wall Heat Transfer Factor for Water 55 APPENDICES Appendix A. References Normative . 56 Appendix B. References Informative . 57 AHRI STANDARD 410-2001 1 FORCED-CIRCULATION AIR-COOLING AND AIR-HEATING COILS Section 1.
25、Purpose 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to establish for Forced-Circulation Air-Cooling and Air-Heating Coils: definitions; classifications; test requirements; rating requirements; minimum data requirements for Published Ratings; symbols and units; reference properties and conversion fa
26、ctors; marking and nameplate data; and conformance conditions. 1.1.1 Intent. This standard is intended for the guidance of the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers, contractors and users. 1.1.2 Review and Amendment. This standard is subject to review and amendment as technology a
27、dvances. Section 2. Scope 2.1 Scope. This standard applies to Forced-Circulation Air-Cooling and Air-Heating Coils, as defined in Section 3 and classified in Section 4 of this standard, and for application under non-frosting conditions. This standard documents a fundamental means for establishing co
28、il performance by extension of laboratory test data to other operating conditions and other coil sizes and row depths. Section 3. Definitions All terms in this document shall follow the standard industry definitions in the current edition of ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioni
29、ng and Refrigeration unless otherwise defined in this section. 3.1 Coil Line. For the purpose of this standard, a coil line is defined as having the following in common: a. Fluid (volatile refrigerant, water, steam, or aqueous ethylene glycol, or aqueous propylene glycol solutions) b. Tube size, spa
30、cing, arrangement (parallel or staggered) or internal construction c. Fin configuration (not spacing) 3.1.1 Examples of coil lines are: a. Aqueous Ethylene Glycol or Aqueous Propylene Glycol Solutions. If conditions b and c of 3.1 are satisfied, the following are types which may be part of one line:
31、 1. Continuous circuit type 2. Self-draining type 3. Cleanable type AHRI STANDARD 410-2001 2 b. Steam Distributing. c. Steam Single-Tube. d. Volatile Refrigerant. Direct expansion coil with flow controlled by the expansion valve. e. Water. If conditions b and c of 3.1 are satisfied, the following ar
32、e types which may be part of one line: 1. Continuous circuit type 2. Self-draining type 3. Cleanable type 3.2 Cooling Capacity. The capacity associated with the change in air enthalpy which includes both the Latent and Sensible Capacities expressed in Btu/h W. 3.2.1 Latent Capacity. Capacity associa
33、ted with a change in humidity ratio. 3.2.2 Sensible Capacity. Capacity associated with a change in dry-bulb temperature. 3.3 Forced-Circulation Air Coil. A coil for use in an air stream whose circulation is caused by a difference in pressure produced by a fan or blower. 3.3.1 Forced-Circulation Air-
34、Cooling Coil. A heat exchanger, with or without extended surfaces, through which either cold water, cold aqueous ethylene glycol or aqueous propylene glycol solutions, or volatile refrigerant is circulated, for the purpose of total cooling (sensible cooling plus latent cooling) of a forced-circulati
35、on air stream. Table 1. Range of Standard Rating Conditions Cooling Coils Heating Coils Item Volatile Refrigerant Cold Water Cold Ethylene and Propylene Glycol Solution Steam Hot Water Hot Ethylene and Propylene Glycol Solution Standard air face velocity, std. ft/min std. m/s 200 to 800 1 to 4 200 t
36、o 800 1 to 4 200 to 800 1 to 4 200 to 1,500 1 to 8 200 to 1,500 1 to 8 200 to 1,500 1 to 8 Entering air dry-bulb temp., F C 65 to 100 18 to 38 65 to 100 18 to 38 65 to 100 18 to 38 -20 to 100 -29 to 38 0.0 to 100 -18 to 38 -20 to 100 -29 to 38 Entering air wet-bulb temp., F C 60 to 85 16 to 29 60 to
37、 85 16 to 29 60 to 85 16 to 29 - - - - - - Tube-Side fluid velocity, std. ft/s std. m/s - - 11.0 to 8.0 0.3 to 2.4 21.0 to 6.0 0.3 to 1.8 - - 10.5 to 8.0 0.1 to 2.4 20.5 to 6.0 0.1 to 1.8 Entering fluid temp., F C - - 35 to 65 1.7 to 18 0.0 to 90 -18 to 32 - - 120 to 250 49 to 121 0.0 to 200 -18 to
38、93 Saturated suction refrigerant temp. at coil outlet, F C 30 to 55 -1.1 to 13 - - - - - - - - - - AHRI STANDARD 410-2001 3 Table 1. Range of Standard Rating Conditions Cooling Coils Heating Coils Minimum suction vapor superheat at coil outlet, F C 6.0 3.3 - - - - - - - - - - Steam pressure at coil
39、inlet, psig kPa gage - - - - - - 2.0 to 250.0 14 to 1723 - - - - Maximum superheat in steam at coil inlet, F C - - - - - - 50 28 - - - - Concentration by mass, % - - 10 to 60 - - 10 to 60 Minimum fin surface temperature, F C 32 0.0 32 0.0 32 0.0 32 0.0 32 0.0 32 0.0 Minimum tube wall surface tempera
40、ture, F C 32 0.0 32 0.0 ethylene glycol and propylene glycol sol. freeze point 32 0.0 32 0.0 ethylene glycol and propylene glycol sol. freeze point 1 On lower limit, Re shall exceed 3100 at twm. Predicted performance and actual performance in the water velocity range below the tube-side fluid veloci
41、ty listed above is expected to show variations in excess of currently accepted tolerances for the following reasons: 1) Application of coils at low velocity can lead to excessive fouling. 2) Application of coils at low velocity can lead to possible air entrapment. 3) Differences in coil design/type
42、affect the variation in low Re heat transfer coefficient. 2 On lower limit, Re shall exceed 700 at tgm. Note: Numbers in are in SI Units 3.3.2 Forced-Circulation Air-Heating Coil. A heat exchanger, with or without extended surfaces, through which either hot water, hot aqueous ethylene glycol or aque
43、ous propylene glycol solutions, or steam is circulated for the purpose of sensible heating of a forced-circulation air stream. 3.4 Heating Capacity. The capacity associated with the change in dry-bulb temperature expressed in Btu/h W. 3.5 Laboratory Tests. Tests conducted by a manufacturer on repres
44、entative coils to determine basic heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics that shall be used in developing Published Ratings. 3.6 Published Ratings. A compilation of the assigned values of those performance characteristics, under stated rating conditions, by which a coil may be chosen to fit
45、 its application. These values apply to all coils of like nominal size and type (identification) produced by the same manufacturer. As used herein, the term Published Ratings includes the ratings of all performance characteristics published in specifications, advertising or other literature controll
46、ed by the manufacturer or available through an automated rating/selection computer procedure. 3.6.1 Application Ratings. Ratings determined at conditions outside the range of standard rating conditions. 3.6.2 Standard Ratings. Ratings within the range of standard rating conditions (Table 1) and whic
47、h are accurate representations of test data. 3.7 “Shall“ or “Should“. Shall or “should“ shall be interpreted as follows: AHRI STANDARD 410-2001 4 3.7.1 Shall. Where “shall“ or “shall not“ is used for a provision specified, that provision is mandatory if compliance with the standard is claimed. 3.7.2
48、 Should. “Should“ is used to indicate provisions which are not mandatory but which are desirable as good practice. 3.8 Standard Air. Air weighing 0.075 lb/ft3 1.2 kg/m3 which approximates dry air at 70F 21C and at a barometric pressure of 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa. 3.9 Standard Coil Orientation. The sta
49、ndard coil position is that of horizontal tubes and vertical coil face with horizontal airflow. 3.10 Test Series. A group of related tests performed on the same test coil. 3.11 Turbulators. Mechanical devices inside tubes used to increase turbulence of fluids. Section 4. Classifications 4.1 Coil Surface Dimensions, Terminology and Surface Calculations. 4.1.1 Tub
