1、GUIDELINESFOR RIGHT-OF-WAY ACTIVITIESAMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTETABLE OF CONTENTS SPECIAL THANKSGUIDELINESFOR RIGHT-OF-WAY ACTIVITIES1 GUIDELINES FOR RIGHT-OF-WAY ACTIVITIES3 GUIDELINES FOR CROSSING PIPELINES, GAS TRANSMISSION LINES, MAINS AND SERVICE CONNECTIONS5 GUIDELINES FOR AGRICULTURE: FIELD
2、TILE DITCHING AND DEEP PLOWING7 GUIDELINES FOR BORING, DRILLING, AND TUNNELING9 GUIDELINES FOR OVERHEAD AND BURIED POWER AND COMMUNICATION CABLES INCLUDING FIBER OPTICS11 GUIDELINES FOR ROADS, RAILROADS, PAVED LOTS, LOGGING OPERATIONS, AND HEAVY EQUIPMENT VEHICLES13 GUIDELINES FOR PROPERTY IMPROVEME
3、NTS15 GUIDELINES FOR SEISMIC SURVEYING17 PIPELINE SAFETY AWARENESS19 THE ONE CALL SYSTEM20 SPECIAL NOTESMarathon Pipe Line LLCs publication by the same name was the model for this work.THE LIQUID PETROLEUM PIPELINE INDUSTRY has developed these guidelines to improve understanding and increase awarene
4、ss of the nature of underground pipelines that transport oil, petroleum products, natural gas liquids and other hazardous liquids (collectively “pipelines” or “pipeline” throughout this document) and how to conduct land development and use activity near pipeline rights of way. The guidelines are int
5、ended for use by anyone who is involved in land development, agriculture and excavation/construction activities near a pipeline. The industrys goal is to protect public safety of the people who live and work along pipeline rights of way, protect the environment along rights of way, and maintain the
6、integrity of the pipeline so that petroleum products can be delivered to customers safely and without interruption.A pipeline right-of-way (ROW) is property in which a pipeline company and a landowner both have a legal interest. Each has a right to be there, although each has a different type of use
7、 for the land. Pipeline companies are granted permission from private landowners to transport petroleum products across their private lands. That permission is documented in a written agreement called an easement, and it is obtained though purchase, license, or by agreement with the landowner. In ca
8、ses where the land is owned by the government whether local, state or federal similar arrangements for easements, licenses, or occupancy agreements are obtained.The pipeline company and the landowner granting the pipeline easement are not the only ones who have access to the pipeline ROW. Third part
9、ies doing business along the ROW are also vital partners in protecting the environment by keeping pipelines safe and free of accidents. The cooperation of everyone involved in property development including, but not limited to, real estate brokers, agents, developers, engineers, architects, general
10、contractors and their subcontractors, and local elected officials and government staff is essential. Construction work done anywherenear a pipeline, even in a homeowners backyard, can affect the integrity and safety of underground pipelines. The pipeline industry hopes that these guidelines will hel
11、p both pipeline operators and people working and living along pipeline rights of way to better understand their respective responsibilities for maintaining the safety of this vital, but invisible, transportation system. Please nnulle nullanull nullnulllnulle nullenullnullnullnull snullnullnull nulln
12、ullelnulles snullnullnull null nullllnullenull as nullenull nullnull nullnullenull nullnull nullese nullnullelnullesnullA pipeline requires regular observation, integrity assessment and maintenance to maintain the safety of its operations. Part of that task is to ensure that the pipeline ROW is kept
13、 clear of trees, structures and other encroachments that might interfere with the safe operation of the pipeline and the pipeline companys access to the line.One of the key facilitators of ROW inspection is ROW clearing. Good communications between the pipeline operator and the public are important
14、in minimizing any issues between the public and the pipeline operator, especially during initial clearing activities.ROW clearing is performed for a variety of reasons with the paramount reason being safety. ROW clearing enables: Aerial surveillance Patrols are completed to detect potentially harmfu
15、l excavation activities along the pipeline ROW and visually assure no releases have occurred. Damage prevention A clear ROW provides a visual corridor so the pipeline can be protected from unauthorized excavation and development. Routine maintenance access Clear access to the pipeline is critical to
16、 completing required maintenance in a safe, efficient and effective manner. Emergency response access Clear access to the pipeline allows for a prompt response in the event of an emergency. Corrosion protection Tree roots can wrap around a pipeline, damaging the protective coating of the pipeline, c
17、ompromising efforts to avoid pipeline corrosion.1GUIDELINESFOR RIGHT-OF-WAY ACTIVITIESThere are multitudes of underground facilities, some transporting volatile liquids or natural gas under high pressure. Many pipelines were placed in the ground years ago. Over time, what was once pastureland may no
18、w be someones backyard, a residential development or a new business. With advance planning and shared information, future economic development can be done safely and in the most cost-effective manner for the developer and the pipeline company. Most damage to pipelines is avoidable through better adv
19、ance planning and using the ONE CALL SYSTEM, which can be accessed by calling nullnull, or by access through the CALLnullnullnullnull website. The One Call System is a free public service established by state agencies, non-profit entities and public utilities to provide underground utility locating
20、and marking for those who plan to dig or excavate in the vicinity of a utility. Always use the One Call System in your state before undertaking a project that includes excavation or digging underground. Never assume that you know the location of pipelines. The permanent aboveground markers along the
21、 pipeline route are not exact indicators of the pipeline location pipelines have bends and can change direction with no aboveground indication; the depths of the pipeline may vary substantially within even short distances; and more than one line or utility may exist within a single right-of-way.2GUI
22、DELINESFOR RIGHT-OF-WAY ACTIVITIES3COMMON GUIDELINES“Foreign pipeline” means any hazardous liquid pipeline, gas transmission line, main, service connection, and utility pipe such as water line, sewer line or any other pipeline installed within the right-of-way (ROW) of an existing hazardous liquid p
23、ipeline.A foreign pipeline crossing should cross perpendicular, or as close as possible to 90 degrees to the existing pipeline and its designated ROW.A foreign pipeline should not run parallel or nearly parallel to an existing pipeline within the boundaries of the ROW for the existing pipeline, or w
24、ithin 25 feet of the existing pipeline without specific written approval from the company operating the existing pipeline. The placement of the foreign pipeline should also be consistent with the existing easement agreement. A foreign pipeline should cross underneath an existing pipeline with a mini
25、mum clearance of 24 inches. This elevation should be maintained across the entire width of the ROW for the existing pipeline. Clearance of at least 24 inches should also be maintained between the existing pipeline and any other buried structure.If the existing pipeline is unusually deep at the cross
26、ing location, the operator of the existing pipeline may consider allowing the foreign pipeline to cross over the existing pipeline as long as the facility is protected in some other manner acceptable to the operator of the existing pipeline. Pipeline markers or identifying markers should be located
27、to indicate the route of the foreign pipeline across the ROW of an existing pipeline. Such markers should adhere to regulatory standards and API Recommended Practice 1109, Line Markers and Signage for Hazardous Liquid Pipelines and Facilities.METALLIC PIPELINESForeign pipelines, other than utility l
28、ines, should install cathodic protection bonds and potential leads at all crossings and terminate them at aboveground locations. The operator of the existing pipeline will install all test leads on the existing pipeline.The foreign pipeline should be coated with a suitable pipe coating for a distanc
29、e of at least 50 feet on either side of the crossing. A warning tape, or warning mesh, should be used to indicate the location of a foreign pipeline for a distance of 25 feet on either side of the existing pipeline.NONMETALLIC PIPELINESA tracer wire for a nonmetallic foreign pipeline should be insta
30、lled to assist in locating it in addition to the above-mentioned warning tape.GUIDELINESFOR CROSSING PIPELINES, GAS TRANSMISSION LINES, MAINS AND SERVICE CONNECTIONS ON OR NEAR PIPELINES, FACILITIES AND RIGHTS OF WAY4OPTIONALWARNING TAPEnull FEETnull CLEARANCE UNDERPETROLEUM PIPELINEDOT APPROVEDPIPE
31、LINE MARKERSORIDENTIFYINGMARKERSCATHODIC PROTECTION BONDSAND POTENTIAL LEADS AT ALLCROSSINGS TERMINATED AT ABOVEGROUND LOCATIONSCROSSING ANGLEAS CLOSE TO nullnullAS POSSIBLEOPTIONALWARNING TAPEOPTIONALWARNING TAPEGUIDELINESFOR CROSSING PIPELINES, GAS TRANSMISSION LINES, MAINS AND SERVICE CONNECTIONS
32、 ON OR NEAR PIPELINES, FACILITIES AND RIGHTS OF WAY5FIELD TILE GUIDELINESThis Guideline is intended to guide the field tile installer and the pipeline operators representative on the safe installation of agricultural drainage tile around a pipeline system.1. The project should be planned in advance.
33、A representative of the pipeline operator orutility will help prevent dangerous and costly accidents and help avoid surprises during the work. The project plan should be followed.Many states establish required time framesfor advance planning. Ample time is required to review the design and verify pi
34、pelinedepths and operational requirements. Priorto the installation of any field tile within thepipeline right-of-way (ROW), the installershould communicate and plan the projectwith the pipeline operator. The pipelineoperator should coordinate the safe installationwithin their ROW.2. When working wi
35、thin 50 feet of the pipeline, the pipeline operators representative should monitor the activity. This practice will provideadequate time and distance to maintain asafe operation.3. The pipeline should be located and a depthanalysis or pipeline depth profile performedby a representative of the pipeli
36、ne operator.The pipeline should be marked in accordance with the APWA Uniform Color Code. Yellowflags should be placed at sufficient intervals,following company guidelines, to mark thepipeline. The pipeline operators representative should prepare a Depth Survey Report, whichshould include photograph
37、s showing theyellow flags.4. It is recommended that long runs of paralleltile and pipeline should be spaced 25 feetfrom the existing pipeline. If a closer distance is necessary, the pipeline operator should be contacted for prior approval.5. The pipeline should be crossed carefully,and only when the
38、 pipeline operatorsrepresentative is on site and able to observethe work. The crossing should be as nearto perpendicular (ninety 90 degrees) aspossible and clear the pipeline by a minimum of 24 inches.6. Where the field tile crosses the pipeline, it is recommended that solid tile be used andthat pea
39、 gravel be used to prevent settling.The pipeline operator should conduct a fieldinspection of this work verifying pipelinedepths and installation clearances.7. Plastic pipe is preferred when crossing thepipeline.DEEP PLOWING“Deep Plowing” is defined as the ripping or other cultivation method where t
40、he ground is disturbed at a depth of 16 inches or more. Prior to any Deep Plowing, the pipeline operator should be notified well in advance. The pipeline should be located and a depth analysis or pipeline depth profile performed by a representative of the pipeline operator. Yellow flags should be pl
41、aced to mark the pipeline. These flags should be placed at sufficient intervals, following company guidelines.The pipeline operators representative should prepare a Depth Survey Report, which should include photographs showing the yellow flags.When working within 50 feet either side of the pipeline,
42、 the pipeline operators representative should monitor the activity verifying pipeline depths and installation clearances.Due to erosion and the removal of earthen cover in some areas, the existing depth of the pipeline may not support Deep Plowing. The pipeline operator should not allow Deep Plowing
43、 in areas where the integrity of the pipeline may be compromised. OTHER LAND CONTOUR MODIFICATIONSProjects near the pipeline that involve altering the land contour, including the installation of ponds, lakes and drainage ditches, require expert engineering in planning and implementation to ensure pi
44、peline integrity. A plan should be developed and provided to the pipeline operator well in advance and take into consideration the integrity and safety of the pipeline system. There may be a conflict between the current location of the pipeline and the needs of the land modification project. The pro
45、ject planning process may indicate the need to relocate the pipeline or alter the land modification project. When planning the project, please call the pipeline operator. The operator should assign a pipeline expert to help with the planning process and advise on matters of pipeline safety. Ample ti
46、me is required to review the design and verify pipeline depths and operational requirements.GUIDELINESFOR AGRICULTURE: FIELD TILE DITCHING AND DEEP PLOWING ON OR NEAR PIPELINES, FACILITIES, AND RIGHTS OF WAYPIPELINE OPERATORnull REPRESENTATIVE SHOULD MONITOR THE ACTIVITYCROSSING ANGLEAS CLOSE TO nul
47、lnullAS POSSIBLEMINIMUMnull CLEARANCEFIELD TILEDEEP PLOWING AND LAND CONTOUR MODIFICATIONSPLAN AHEAD null WORK SAFENOTIFY PIPELINE OPERATOR WELL IN ADVANCEPIPELINE OPERATORnullREPRESENTATIVE SHOULDMONITOR THE ACTIVITY WHEN YOUnullE WORKING WITHIN null FEET EITHER SIDE OF THE PIPELINEPROnullCT PLANNI
48、NG IS THE KEY TO SAFETYWHEN PLANNING YOUR PROnullCT CALL THE PIPELINE OPERATORPIPELINE EnullERTS CAN HELP WITH THE PLANNING PROCESS AND PIPELINE SAFETY6GUIDELINESFOR AGRICULTURE: FIELD TILE DITCHING AND DEEP PLOWING ON OR NEAR PIPELINES, FACILITIES, AND RIGHTS OF WAY7BORING, DRILLING, AND TUNNELING
49、PROCEDURES NEAR PIPELINESBecause both pipelines and the process of boring, drilling and tunneling are underground and not visible, special care must be given to the planning and execution of these operations when other utilities and pipelines are nearby. A pipeline operator representative should be given an opportunity to review and approve the plan for the operation, the equipment to be used and the proposed procedure well in advance of beginning the project. Two critical elements of the plan are the involvement of competent equipment operators who respec
