1、Valve Inspection and Testing API STANDARD 598 TENTH EDITION, OCTOBER 2016Special Notes API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. Neither API nor any of APIs employees
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4、ry effort has been made by the Institute to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage
5、resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict. API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the ne
6、ed for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices. Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance w
7、ith the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard. Users of this standard should not rely exclus
8、ively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip the
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12、atent. Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the standard. Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the standard. May: As used in a standard, “may” denotes a
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15、treet, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director. Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of
16、 up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Suggested revisions are inv
17、ited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org. iiiContents1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Inspection, Examination, and Supplementary Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 Inspection at the Valve Manufacturers Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . 34.2 Inspection Outside the Valve Manufacturers Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 Inspection Notice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . 34.4 Extent of Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 Supplementary Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Pressure Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 Test Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.3 Tests Required. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.4 High-pres
25、sure Closure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.5 High-pressure Pneumatic Shell Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
26、5.6 Test Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.7 Test Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 Test Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.9 Test Leakage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Pressure Test Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.2 Backseat Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.3 Shell Test
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.4 Low-pressure Closure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . 116.5 High-pressure Closure Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.6 Double Block and Bleed High-pressure Closure Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . 127 Valve Certification and Retesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.1 Certificate of Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.2 Retesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.3 Material Test Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Annex A (informative) Information to Be Specified by the Purchaser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Figure1 Volumetric Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Tables1 Pressure Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Shell Test Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Backseat an
37、d Closure Test Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Duration of Required Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Maximum Al
38、lowable Leakage Rates for Closure Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9vValve Inspection and Testing 1 Scope 1.1 This standard covers inspection, examination, supplementary examinations, and pressure test requirements for resilient-seated, nonmeta
39、llic-seated (e.g. ceramic), and metal-to-metal-seated valves of the gate, globe, plug, ball, check, and butterfly types. Resilient seats are considered to be: a) soft seats, both solid and semisolid grease type (e.g. lubricated plug);b) combination soft and metal seats (e.g. laminated seat rings);c)
40、 any other type of seat material designed to meet resilient seat leakage rates as specified in Table 5.API Standard 598 supplements the API standards that reference it, but it may also be applied to other types of valves by agreement between the purchaser and the valve manufacturer. Reference Annex
41、A for information to be specified by the purchaser. 1.2 The inspection requirements pertain to examinations and testing by the valve manufacturer and any supplementary examinations that the purchaser may require at the valve manufacturers plant. The test requirements cover both required and optional
42、 pressure tests at the valve manufacturers plant or at a facility mutually agreeable to both the manufacturer and the purchaser. 1.3 The following tests and examinations are specified in this standard: a) shell test,b) backseat test,c) low-pressure closure test,d) high-pressure closure test,e) doubl
43、e block and bleed high-pressure closure test,f) visual examination of castings,g) high-pressure pneumatic shell test.2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated ref
44、erences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ASME B16.11,1 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and ThreadedASME B16.34, ValvesFlanged, Threaded, and Welding End MSS SP-45,2 Bypass and Drain ConnectionsMSS SP-55, Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves
45、, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping Components Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities 1 ASME International, 3 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016-5990, www.asme.org. 2 Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, 127 Park Street, NE, Vienna, Virgini
46、a 22180-4602, www.mss-. 12 API STANDARD 598 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 backseat test A pressure test used to verify leakage past the stem or shaft to bonnet seal (backseat). 3.2 class A dimensionless number used to design
47、ate the pressure-temperature rating of a valve or piping component. 3.3 closure test Pressure test used to confirm leakage past or through a valves closure mechanism. 3.4 cold working pressure CWP Rated pressure at ambient temperature. 3.5 diameter nominal DN An alphanumeric designation of size that
48、 is common for components used in a piping system, used for reference purposes, comprising the letters DN followed by a dimensionless number indirectly related to the physical size of the bore or outside diameter of the end connection as appropriate. The dimensionless number following DN does not re
49、present a measurable value and is not used for calculation purposes except where specified in ASME B16.34. 3.6 double block and bleed valve DBB Single valve with two seating surfaces that, in the closed position, provides a seal against pressure from both ends of the valve with a means of venting/bleeding the cavity between the seating surfaces. NOTE This valve does not provide double isolation and bleed where two separate seating surfaces work in series when one side is under pressure (see API Specification 6D11 for further information).3.7 nominal pipe size NPS An alphanum
