1、Installation, Maintenance, and Repair of Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves Offshore API STANDARD 6AV2FIRST EDITION, MARCH 2014ERRATA 1, AUGUST, 2014Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state,
2、 and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contain
3、ed herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe
4、upon privately owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publi
5、cation and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substan
6、ces involved in any given situation. Users of this specification should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.Users of this standard should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this standard. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should b
7、e used in employing the information contained herein. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, service providers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligation
8、s to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the service provider or supplier of that material, or the material safety datasheet.API pub
9、lications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publi
10、cation of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that stan
11、dard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording
12、, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2014 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis standard is under the jurisdiction of the API Subcommittee on Valves and Wellhead Equip
13、ment.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone
14、against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the spec
15、ification.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions con
16、cerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein shou
17、ld also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telep
18、hone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.This standard is the result of the revisions of API 14H, Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance and Repair of Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety
19、 Valves Offshore, 5th Edition. The document was revised with additional requirements and re-classified as a “standard.” Even though this document (API 6AV2) is the First Edition, it is a revision of and supersedes API 14H, 5th Edition, and is the next in the evolution of the document.This standard s
20、hall become effective on the date printed on the cover.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviation
22、s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Receiving Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Installation and Maint
24、enance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 Location in System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
25、5.2 Installation and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Repair and Remanufacture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . 76.1 Field Repair of SSVs/USVs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.2 Off-site Repair/Remanufacture of SSVs/USVs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . 77 Testing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.2 SSV /USV Operating/Pressure Holding Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.3 SSV/USV Testing After Installation/Field Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Failure Reporting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.2 Failure Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.3 Reporting Responsibilities. . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Documentation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Annex A (informative) Pre
32、ssure Buildup Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Fig
33、ureA.1 Calculation Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Table s1 Failure Checklist for Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 SSV/US
34、V Field Repair Record Sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 SSV/USV Functional Test Datasheet for Installation/Field Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 SSV/USV Functional Test Da
35、tasheet for Periodic Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16v1 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair of Surface Safety Valves and Underwater Safety Valves Offshore 1 Scope This standard provides requirements for installing and maintaining surface safety
36、 valves (SSV) and underwater safety valves (USV). Included are requirements for receiving inspection, installation and maintenance, field and off-site repair, testing procedures with acceptance criteria, failure reporting, and documentation. Power and control systems for SSVs/USVs are not included.
37、This document is applicable to SSVs/USVs used or intended to be used as part of a safety system, as defined by documents such as API 14C. NOTE SSV/USV system architecture and power/control systems for SSVs/USVs are addressed in safety system documents such as API 14C. This standard is the revision o
38、f and supersedes API 14H, Fifth Edition. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendm
39、ents) applies. API Specification 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment API Recommended Practice 14C, Analysis, Design, Installation, and Testing of Basic Surface Safety Systems for Offshore Production Platforms API Recommended Practice 17A/ISO 13628-1:2005, Design and Operation
40、 of Subsea Production SystemsGeneral Requirements and Recommendations API Specification 17D, Design and Operation of Subsea Production SystemsSubsea Wellhead and Tree Equipment 3 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations 3.1 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the followin
41、g terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 choked flow Flow condition in which the fluid flow velocity and mass-flow rate are insensitive to the pressure differential across the flow restriction and occurs when the pressure drop across the flow restriction is higher than the critical pressure differential
42、. 3.1.2 christmas tree Assembly of equipment, including tubing-head adapters, valves, tees, crosses, top connectors, and chokes attached to the uppermost connection of the tubing head, used to control well production (as defined in API 6A and API 17D). 2 API STANDARD 6AV2 3.1.3 critical pressure dif
43、ferential Pressure drop resulting from a pressure ratio below the critical pressure ratio. 3.1.4 critical pressure ratio Ratio of pressure downstream of the flow restriction to pressure upstream of the flow restriction below which choked flow occurs. 3.1.5 direct measurement device Instrument/equipm
44、ent whose output is the measurement of flow rate (leakage) across the pressure-controlling components of the SSV/USV. 3.1.6 failure Improper performance of a device or equipment item that prevents completion of its in-service design function. 3.1.7 indirect measurement method Use of equipment whose
45、output is the measurement of one or more thermodynamic properties of the fluid moving across the SSV/USV, and the methodology used to convert the measured quantities into the equivalent flow rate (leakage) across the pressure-controlling components of the SSV/USV. 3.1.8 maintenance Routine actions d
46、efined in the manufacturers operation and maintenance manual that keep the device in working order. NOTE Maintenance does not include repair/remanufacture. 3.1.9 manufacturer The principal agent in the design, fabrication, and furnishing of a SSV/USV actuator and/or SSV/USV valve. NOTE The SSV/USV v
47、alve and SSV/USV actuator define functional entities and do not necessarily represent the units as supplied. 3.1.10 non-choked flow Fluid flow resulting when the pressure drop across the flow restriction is lower than the critical pressure differential. 3.1.11 OPD part supplier Entity that has suppl
48、ied the original product definition (OPD) components for use on SSVs/USVs. 3.1.12 operating manual The publication issued by the manufacturer containing detailed data and instructions related to the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of SSV/USV equipment. 3.1.13 operator The user of a
49、SSV/USV who is in conformance with the requirements of this standard. INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SURFACE SAFETY VALVES AND UNDERWATER SAFETY VALVES OFFSHORE 3 3.1.14 original product definition OPD Complete definition of the requirements for the original assembled equipment, single equipment unit, or component part, including specified limits and tolerances, health, safety, and environmental requirements, limitations of use, customer specific requirements, design acceptance criteria, materials of construction, materials processing requirements and physical properties, ph
