1、Specification for Line PipeAPI SPECIFICATION 5LFORTY-FIFTH EDITION, DECEMBER 2012EFFECTIVE DATE: JULY 1, 2013ERRATA 1, APRIL 2015Specification for Line PipeUpstream SegmentAPI SPECIFICATION 5LFORTY-FIFTH EDITION, DECEMBER 2012EFFECTIVE DATE: JULY 1, 2013ERRATA 1, APRIL 2015Special NotesAPI publicati
2、ons necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local,state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make anywarranty or representation, eith
3、er express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of theinformation contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of anyinformation or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, s
4、ubcontractors,consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any givensituation. Users of this specification should consult wi
5、th the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.Users of this specification should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business,scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.API is not undertaking to
6、 meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train andequip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking theirobligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and he
7、alth risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials andconditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safetydata sheet.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Insti
8、tute to assure theaccuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, orguarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss ordamage resulting from its use or for the viola
9、tion of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication mayconflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operatingpractices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment
10、regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publicationsis not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standa
11、rdis solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent,warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieva
12、l system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2012 American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothin
13、g contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for themanufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anythingcontained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liabi
14、lity for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in orderto conform to the specification.This
15、 document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the proc
16、edures under whichthis publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American PetroleumInstitute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any partof the material published herein should also be addresse
17、d to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000.
18、A catalog of API publications and materials is publishedannually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiV Contents Page 1 Scope 1 2 Conformit
19、y 1 2.1 Units of measurement 1 2.2 Rounding 1 2.3 Compliance to this Standard . 1 3 Normative references. 2 4 Terms and definitions 5 5 Symbols and abbreviated terms 13 5.1 Symbols 13 5.2 Abbreviated terms 14 6 Pipe grade, steel grade and delivery condition 15 6.1 Pipe grade and steel grade 15 6.2 D
20、elivery condition 16 7 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 17 7.1 General information . 17 7.2 Additional information . 18 8 Manufacturing 21 8.1 Process of manufacture 21 8.2 Processes requiring validation . 23 8.3 Starting material . 23 8.4 Tack welds 24 8.5 Weld seams in COW pipe 25 8.6 W
21、eld seams in SAW pipe . 25 8.7 Weld seams in double-seam pipe . 25 8.8 Treatment of weld seams in EW and LW pipes 25 8.9 Cold sizing and cold expansion 25 8.10 Coil/plate end welds . 26 8.11 Jointers. 26 8.12 Heat treatment 26 8.13 Traceability . 26 9 Acceptance criteria 27 9.1 General . 27 9.2 Chem
22、ical composition . 27 9.3 Tensile properties 31 9.4 Hydrostatic test 32 9.5 Bend test 33 9.6 Flattening test 33 9.7 Guided-bend test . 34 9.8 CVN impact test for PSL 2 pipe . 34 9.9 DWT test for PSL 2 welded pipe 36 9.10 Surface conditions, imperfections and defects 36 9.11 Dimensions, mass and tole
23、rances 38 9.12 Finish of pipe ends 43 9.13 Tolerances for the weld seam . 45 9.14 Tolerances for mass 48 9.15 Weldability of PSL 2 pipe . 48 10 Inspection . 49 VI 10.1 Types of inspection and inspection documents 49 10.2 Specific inspection 50 11 Marking . 78 11.1 General . 78 11.2 Pipe markings 78
24、11.3 Coupling markings . 81 11.4 Marking of pipe to multiple grades 81 11.5 Thread identification and certification 81 11.6 Pipe processor markings. 82 12 Coatings and thread protectors 82 12.1 Coatings and linings 82 12.2 Thread protectors 82 13 Retention of records 82 14 Pipe loading . 83 Annex A
25、(normative) Specification for welded jointers 84 Annex B (normative) Manufacturing procedure qualification for PSL 2 pipe . 85 Annex C (normative) Treatment of surface imperfections and defects . 90 Annex D (normative) Repair welding procedure 92 Annex E (normative) Non-destructive inspection for ot
26、her than sour service or offshore service . 99 Annex F (normative) Requirements for couplings (PSL 1 only) 112 Annex G (normative) PSL 2 pipe with resistance to ductile fracture propagation 115 Annex H (normative) PSL 2 pipe ordered for sour service 122 Annex I (normative) Pipe ordered as “Through t
27、he Flowline” (TFL) pipe . 135 Annex J (normative) PSL 2 pipe ordered for offshore service. 137 Annex K (normative) Non-destructive inspection for pipe ordered for sour service and/or offshore service . 153 Annex L (informative) Steel designations . 158 Annex M Removed . 161 Annex N (informative) Ide
28、ntification/explanation of deviations . 162 Annex O (informative) Use of the API Monogram by Licensees 163 Annex P (informative) Equations for Threaded and Coupled Pipe and Background Equations for Guided Bend and CVN Test Specimens 168 Bibliography . 179 VII Introduction This Standard is based on A
29、PI Spec 5L, 44thEdition. In the preparation of this document, the technical committee maintained the concept of two basic levels of standard technical requirements for line pipe expressed as two product specification levels (PSL 1 and PSL 2). Level PSL 1 provides a standard quality level for line pi
30、pe. Level PSL 2 has additional mandatory requirements for chemical composition, notch toughness and strength properties and additional NDT. Requirements that apply to only PSL 1 or to only PSL 2 are so designated. Requirements that are not designated to a specific PSL designation apply to both PSL 1
31、 and PSL 2 pipe. The technical committee also recognized that the petroleum and natural gas industry often specifies additional requirements for particular applications. In order to accommodate such needs, optional additional requirements for special applications are available, as follows: PSL 2 pip
32、e ordered with a qualified manufacturing procedure (Annex B), the requirements of which have been enhanced to include verification detail of critical processes in the production of feedstock material, line pipe manufacture and product testing and inspection; PSL 2 pipe ordered with resistance to duc
33、tile fracture propagation in gas pipelines (Annex G); PSL 2 pipe ordered for sour service (Annex H); pipe ordered as “Through the Flowline” (TFL) pipe (Annex I); PSL 2 pipe ordered for offshore service (Annex J); The following new annex is added to this Standard. - Equations for threaded and coupled
34、 pipe and background equations for guided bend and CVN test (Annex P). The requirements of the annex apply only when specified on the purchase order. When pipe is ordered for dual or multiple applications, the requirements of more than one annex for special applications can be invoked. In such insta
35、nces, if a technical conflict arises due to applying the requirements of more than one annex for special applications, the most stringent requirement applicable to the intended service shall apply. This Standard does not provide guidance on when it is necessary to specify the above supplementary req
36、uirements. Instead, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify, based upon the intended use and design requirements, which, if any, of the supplementary requirements apply for a particular purchase order. Consideration has been given to traditional symbols (denoting mechanical or physical
37、properties or their values, dimensions or test parameters) and the format of equations that have been widely used and which (in their traditional format) maintain strong links with other widely used standards and specifications, and with the original scientific work that led to their derivation. Acc
38、ordingly, some symbols and equations, most specifically those in 9.2 and Table F.1 and Annex P have been retained in their traditional form to avoid causing confusion. Where changes have been made, care has been taken to ensure that the new symbol replacing the traditional one has been fully and cle
39、arly defined. Details of the major changes (additions and modifications) are indicated in this Standard by use of grey shading. Grey shading is also used to indicate editorial changes. While efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of changes indicated, the user of this Standard is advised to c
40、onsider the total technical content and not only the changes identified. The user is ultimately responsible for recognizing any differences between this edition and the previous edition of this Standard. 1 Specification for Line Pipe 1 Scope This Standard specifies requirements for the manufacture o
41、f two product specification levels (PSL 1 and PSL 2) of seamless and welded steel pipes for use in pipeline transportation systems in the petroleum and natural gas industries. This Standard is not applicable to cast pipe. 2 Conformity 2.1 Units of measurement In this Standard, data are expressed in
42、both SI units and USC units. For a specific order item, only one system of units shall be used, without combining data expressed in the other system. Data values expressed in SI and USC units shall not be combined on the same inspection document or in the same required pipe marking sequence. Where p
43、roduct is tested and verified against requirements using one measurement system (USC or SI), and an inspection document is issued, with data reported in the alternate measurement system units, a statement shall appear on the inspection document indicating that the data presented was converted from t
44、he measurement system used for the original inspection. The purchaser shall specify whether data, drawings, and maintenance dimensions of pipes shall be in the International System (SI) or US Customary (USC) system of measurements. Use of an SI data sheet indicates the SI measurements shall be used.
45、 Use of a USC data sheet indicates the USC system of measurements shall be used. For data expressed in SI units, a comma is used as the decimal separator and a space is used as the thousands separator. For data expressed in USC units, a dot (on the line) is used as the decimal separator and a space
46、is used as the thousands separator. 2.2 Rounding Unless otherwise stated in this Standard, to determine conformance with the specified requirements, observed or calculated values shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in ac
47、cordance with ISO 80000-1:2009/Cor 1:2011, Annex B, Rule A. NOTE For the purposes of this provision, the rounding method of ASTM E29-041is equivalent to ISO 80000-1: 2009/Cor 1:2011, Annex B, Rule A. 2.3 Compliance to this Standard A documented quality system shall be applied to assist compliance wi
48、th the requirements of this Standard. NOTE Documentation of a quality system does not require certification by a third party certification body. Only the creation or adoption of a written quality system is necessary to meet the requirement of this standard. API defers to the expertise of responsible
49、 quality management personnel to create or adopt the system which best reflects the need of each company. There are many existing quality management systems to which personnel can refer to for 2 API SPECIFICATION 5L guidance in the development of an appropriate quality system, including ISO/TS 290012and API Spec Q13, which contain provisions specific to the oil and gas industry, or ISO 90014, which contains general requirements for quality management systems that are auditable. This list is not exhaustive and is provided for information only. A contract can specify tha
