1、 ANSI/ASA S3.22-2014 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Specification of Hearing Aid Characteristics Accredited Standards Committee S3, Bioacoustics Standards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 1305 Walt Whitman Road, Suite 300 Melville, NY 11747ANSI/ASAS3.22-2014 The American National Standards Inst
2、itute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse
3、 the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI/ASA S3.22-2014 (Revision of ANSI/ASA S3.22-2009) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Specification of Hearing Aid Characteristics Secretariat: Acoustical Society of America Approved on November 10, 2014, by: American National Standar
4、ds Institute, Inc. Abstract The standard describes air-conduction hearing aid measurement methods that are particularly suitable for specification and tolerance purposes. Among the test methods described are output sound pressure level (SPL) with a 90-dB input SPL, full-on gain, frequency response,
5、harmonic distortion, equivalent input noise, current drain, and induction-coil sensitivity. Specific configurations are given for measuring the input SPL to a hearing aid. Allowable tolerances in relation to values specified by the manufacturer are given for certain parameters. Annexes are provided
6、to describe an equivalent substitution method, characteristics of battery simulators, static and dynamic characteristics of automatic gain control (AGC) hearing aids, and additional tests to characterize more completely the electroacoustic performance of hearing aids. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON
7、ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, S3/SC 1 on Animal Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technical com
8、munity (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizations with a general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of America as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the American Natio
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11、adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consen
12、sus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and obj
13、ections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasin
14、g, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this
15、 Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 1305 Walt Whitman Road, Suite 300 Melville, New York 11747 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 923-2875 E-mail: asastdsacousticalsociety.org 2014 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole or in part in
16、 any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. 2014 A
17、coustical Society of America All rights reserved iContents 1 Scope, applications and purpose . 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Applications 1 1.3 Purpose 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Definitions . 2 3.1 Terms relating to hearing aids 2 3.2 Terms relating to test equipment and test conditions . 3 3.3 Terms relat
18、ing to measurements with acoustic inputs . 3 3.4 Terms relating to measurements with inductive inputs 4 4 Test equipment . 4 4.1 Test space 4 4.2 Measurement configuration for nondirectional hearing aids 5 4.3 Measurement configuration for directional hearing aids. 5 4.4 Sound source 6 4.5 Test sign
19、al 6 4.6 Frequency accuracy . 7 4.7 Earphone coupler . 7 4.8 The rms response . 7 4.9 Averaging time constant for noise measurement . 7 4.10 Current measurement . 7 5 Standard conditions 8 5.1 Ambient conditions . 8 5.2 Operating conditions . 8 6 Recommended measurements, specifications and toleranc
20、es 13 6.1 Curves 13 6.2 OSPL90 curve 13 6.3 HFA-OSPL90 13 6.4 Full-on gain . 14 6.5 HFA full-on gain (HFA-FOG) 14 6.6 Adjustment of the gain control to the reference test setting (RTS) 14 6.7 Reference test gain (RTG) . 14 6.8 Frequency response curve . 15 6.9 Frequency range . 15 6.10 Tolerance met
21、hod for frequency response curve . 15 6.11 Harmonic distortion . 16 6.12 Equivalent input noise level (EIN) . 17 6.13 Battery current 18 6.14 Induction coil response . 18 6.15 Interpretation of tolerances . 21 2014 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved ii Annex A (Informative) Equivalent
22、 substitution method 22 A.1 Introduction . 22 A.2 Purpose 22 A.3 Application 22 A.4 Special equipment 22 A.5 Procedure . 22 Annex B (Informative) Recommended voltage and resistance values to be used in battery simulators . 25 B.1 Introduction . 25 B.2 Battery simulator characteristics 25 Annex C (In
23、formative) Guidelines for additional optional tests to characterize hearing aids . 26 C.1 Characteristics of the gain control 26 C.2 Characterization of battery current as a function of quiescent current and maximum current . 26 C.3 Effect of tone-control setting on frequency response . 27 C.4 Effec
24、t of output limiting control setting on OSPL90 and full-on frequency response . 27 C.5 Effect of gain control setting on frequency response . 28 C.6 Effect of power supply voltage variation on acoustic gain and OSPL90 28 C.7 Effect of power supply impedance variation on acoustic gain and OSPL90 28 C
25、.8 Hearing aid output noise spectrum . 29 C.9 AGC hearing aids . 32 C.10 Total harmonic distortion in acoustic mode as a function of input SPL 34 C.11 Total harmonic distortion in acoustic mode as a function of frequency . 35 C.12 Maximum induction coil sensitivity measurement 36 C.13 Total harmonic
26、 distortion for induction coil mode as a function of input magnetic field strength . 36 C.14 Difference frequency distortion . 37 Bibliography 40 Figures Figure 1 Measurement configuration for nondirectional hearing aids . 5 Figure 2 Measurement configuration for directional hearing aids . 6 Figure
27、3 HA-1 configuration . 9 Figure 4 HA-2 configuration . 10 Figure 5 HA-2B configuration 11 Figure 6 HA-3 configuration . 11 Figure 7 HA-4 configuration . 12 Figure 8 Example of OSPL90 and frequency response curves 14 Revision of ANSI/ASA S3.22-2009 2014 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserv
28、ed iiiFigure 9 Example of construction of tolerance template for frequency response curve 16 Figure 10 Hearing aids on TMFS for SPLITS test; BTE is shown for left ear test 18 Figure 11 Telephone magnetic field simulator 19 Figure 12 Example orientation of an ITE aid for the SPLIV test . 20 Figure 13
29、 Example orientation of a BTE aid for the SPLIV test 20 Figure A.1 Setup for measurement of sound level corrections . 23 Figure A.2 Setup for equivalent substitution method of hearing aid measurement 24 Figure C.1 Example of a test equipment noise spectrum in one-third-octave bands . 30 Figure C.2 E
30、xample of a hearing aid output noise spectrum in one-third-octave bands 30 Figure C.3 Example of acoustic gain for sinusoidal input signals at the frequencies shown, for the hearing aid used for Figure C.2 31 Figure C.4 Equivalent input noise in one-third-octave bands for the hearing aid used for Fi
31、gures C.2 and C.3 . 31 Figure C.5 Example of a steady-state input-output function illustrating compression ratio and expansion ratio 33 Figure C.6 Schematic illustration of input signal envelope (top) and output signal envelope (bottom) with attack and release time 34 Figure C.7 Two examples of tota
32、l harmonic distortion as a function of the input sound pressure level . 35 Figure C.8 Example plot of THD vs. frequency 35 Figure C.9 Example of total harmonic distortion as a function of magnetic input field strength . 36 Figure C.10 Definition of difference frequency distortion products . 38 Figur
33、e C.11 Fundamental and difference frequency distortion . 38 Figure C.12 Total difference frequency distortion . 39 Tables Table B.1 Battery simulator characteristics 25 2014 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved iv Foreword This Foreword is for information only and is not an integral par
34、t of ANSI/ASA S3.22-2014 American National Standard Specification of Hearing Aid Characteristics. As such, this Foreword may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the standard.
35、This standard comprises a part of a group of definitions, standards, and specifications for use in bioacoustics. It was developed and approved by Accredited Standards Committee S3, Bioacoustics, under its approved operating procedures. Those procedures have been accredited by the American National S
36、tandards Institute (ANSI). The Scope of Accredited Standards Committee S3 is as follows: Standards, specifications, methods of measurement and test, and terminology in the fields of psychological and physiological acoustics, including aspects of general acoustics which pertain to biological safety,
37、tolerance and comfort. The following is a list of the major non-editorial revisions to this edition of the standard: added an annex for an optional test of difference frequency distortion; moved Annex C.11 Induction Coil Performance With Loops into the main body of the standard; deleted the vertical
38、 reference angle; added a definition of a hearing aid; added graphs of attack and release time measurements to annex for Dynamic AGC characteristics; added to Annex C optional total harmonic distortion tests at more frequencies; the HA-1, HA-2, HA-3 and HA-4 coupler configurations previously defined
39、 in ANSI/ASA S3.7 have been updated and included in clause 5.2.3. New figures of these configurations have also been included. This standard is a revision of ANSI/ASA S3.22-2009, developed originally to establish measurement and specification methods for several definitive hearing aid characteristic
40、s and to provide tolerances for some of them. The original purpose of the standard was to provide a means of determining whether a production hearing aid as shipped was as stated by a manufacturer for a particular model, within the tolerances specified in the standard. In the 2009 revision of the st
41、andard, considerable effort was made to achieve harmonization with IEC 60118-7. In the 1996 revision of the standard, the gain control was set to reference test position for automatic gain control (AGC) hearing aids as has been done for all other types of hearing aids. To reduce ambiguity in specify
42、ing this procedure, and to reflect common practices in the hearing aid industry at this time, in the 2003 revision of the standard, AGC hearing aids are tested in AGC mode only for tests associated with AGC functions and are operated in non-AGC mode for all other tests. That is, for all hearing aids
43、, for measurements to determine OSPL90, full-on gain, the Reference Test Setting of the gain control (RTS), total harmonic distortion, equivalent input noise, battery current drain, and induction coil sensitivity the hearing aid is set to operate in non-AGC mode. For AGC hearing aids, tests for inpu
44、t-output characteristic and attack and release times are made with the hearing aid operating in AGC mode. In the 2009 revision of the standard, the AGC tests were moved to Annex C and provision was made to use a stationary noise signal as well a sinusoidal signal for some tests. Although intended fo
45、r the characterization of air-conduction hearing aids, the methods in this standard can be applied to other systems which have acoustic inputs and outputs, such as personal sound amplification products. 2014 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved vAlthough the purpose of this standard is
46、quality measurements using the 2 cm3coupler, the methods described herein may also be used for design, research, or product development using the 2 cm3coupler, occluded ear simulator, or other specialized couplers or ear simulators. Additional advanced methods are found in the annexes. This standard
47、 contains several informative annexes which are not considered to be part of this standard. Since 1976, earlier versions of this standard have been incorporated into regulations of the United States Food and Drug Administration and have given guidance to manufacturers and consumers of hearing aids a
48、nd to those who serve the hearing-impaired population. At the time this Standard was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S3, Bioacoustics for approval, the membership was as follows: C.J. Struck, Chair P. Nelson, Vice-Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Society of America . C.J. Struck
49、. P. Nelson (Alt.) American Academy of Audiology . C. Schweitzer . T. Ricketts (Alt.) American Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. .R.A. Dobie A. Kim (Alt.) American Industrial Hygiene Association T.K. Madison D. Driscoll (Alt.) American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) . L.A. Wilber . N. DiSarno (Alt.) Beltone/GN Resound . S. Petrovic Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing Conservation (CAOHC) . L.D. Hager Diagnostic Group T. McColley . P. Dobrowski (Alt.) ETS
