1、 ANSI/ASAE S397.4 NOV2013 Electrical Service and Equipment for Irrigation American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biologic
2、al systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water resource
3、 management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in ind
4、ustry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulations. Prospective users are responsible for pro
5、tecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approval date. Newly developed Standards, Engineering Practices
6、and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and ot
7、her criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessar
8、ily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be taken periodically to
9、 reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/ASAE S397.4 NOV2013 Copyright American Society of Agr
10、icultural and Biological Engineers 1 ANSI/ASAE S397.4 NOV2013 Revision approved November 2013 as an American National Standard Electrical Service and Equipment for Irrigation Proposed by the Nebraska Inter-Industry Electrical Council and The Irrigation Association; reviewed by the ASAE Soil and Wate
11、r Division Standards Committee; approved by the Electric Power and Processing Division Standards Committee; adopted by ASAE as a Tentative Standard December 1978; reconfirmed December 1979, December 1980, December 1981, December 1982, December 1983, December 1984; reclassified as a full Standard and
12、 revised December 1985; revised editorially July 1989; reconfirmed December 1990; revised December 1992; approved as an American National Standard February 1993; reaffirmed by ASAE December 1997; reaffirmed by ANSI November 1998, February 2003; reaffirmed by ASAE February 2003; revised October 2007;
13、 revision approved by ANSI November 2007; reaffirmed by ASABE December 2012; reaffirmed by ANSI February 2013; revised November 2013; revision approved by ANSI November 2013. Keywords: Electrical, Irrigation, Safety 1 Purpose and Scope 1.1 The purpose of this Standard is to provide a common document
14、 for use by all those involved in electrical irrigation systems; such as electricians, power suppliers, well drillers, irrigation dealers and manufacturers, extension specialists and irrigators. 1.2 This Standard applies to three-phase, 240 V, or 480 V service, the most commonly used irrigation serv
15、ice voltages for irrigation pump motors, irrigation machines, and auxiliary equipment. This Standard is in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 70, and the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I, where applicable (see C22.1). All materials shall conform to Article 100 of ANSI/NFPA 70, and in Canada shall conform to
16、Section 2-024 of Canadian Electrical Code. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies unless noted. For undated references, the latest approved edition of the referenced docume
17、nt (including any amendments) applies. ANSI/ASAE S362, Wiring and Equipment for Electrically Driven or Controlled Irrigation Machines ANSI/ASAE S493, Guarding for Agricultural Equipment ANSI/NEMA C84.1, Electric Power Systems and Equipment Voltage Ratings (60 Hz) NEMA ICS 6, Industrial Control and S
18、ystems: Enclosures ANSI/NEMA MG 1, Motors and Generators NEMA 250, Enclosures for Electrical Equipment ANSI/NEMA C84.1, Electric Power Systems and Equipment Voltage Ratings (60 Hz) CSA C22.1, Canadian Electrical Code, part I, safety standard for electrical installations ANSI/ASAE S397.4 NOV2013 Copy
19、right American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 2 NEMA ICS 2-Part 6-7.4, AC Automatic Combination Irrigation Pump Controllers ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code 3 General Equipment Requirements 3.1 The minimum irrigation electrical installation consists of a circuit disconnecting
20、 means (safety switch), a motor controller (starter), a raceway or conduit for conductors, and a pump motor. 3.2 In many installations, equipment such as irrigation machines, injector pumps, compressors, lights, magnetic oilers, time switches, time-delay restart relays, and timers are used which req
21、uire additional control and protective equipment. 3.3 Clearance. Sufficient access and working space shall be provided and maintained around all electrical equipment. A minimum of 91 cm (3 ft) is required by Article 110.26, ANSI/NFPA 70, and Section 2-308, Canadian Electrical Code, for voltages grea
22、ter than 150 V. Location of enclosures, motors, and irrigation piping is important in maintaining proper access. 3.4 Support. Electrical installations shall be designed and constructed to provide adequate support and protection for equipment and services. 3.5 Before purchasing and installing electri
23、cal equipment, determine the type of electrical service which will be supplied. Figures 17 show the proper equipment to go with each specified service. Canadian Electrical Code does not permit service as shown in figures 3, 4, and 7. 4 Circuit Disconnecting Means 4.1 Circuit disconnecting means shal
24、l be a fused safety switch, not a circuit breaker. 4.1.1 ANSI/NFPA 70 and Canadian Electrical Code permit circuit breakers. Because of infrequent operation, breakers may be adversely affected by dust and moisture. Therefore, a fused switch is required for more positive fault protection. 4.2 Disconne
25、cting means shall be four-wire, three-pole, solid neutral, horsepower rated and rated as service equipment. 4.2.1 Three fuses shall be used when service has all ungrounded phase conductors (see figures 1, 2, 4, and 6). Two fuses shall be used when service has a grounded phase (see figures 3, 4, and
26、7). 4.3 Enclosure. Enclosures shall meet National Electrical Manufacturers Association 3R rating for outdoor installation and NEMA 1 rating for indoor installation (see NEMA ICS 6 and NEMA 250). 4.4 All service disconnects shall be permanently labeled as to their function in accordance with Article
27、230.70, ANSI/NFPA 70, and Rule 6-200, Canadian Electrical Code. 5 Motor Controllers (Starters) 5.1 Enclosure. Enclosures shall meet NEMA 3R rating for outdoor installation and NEMA 1 rating for indoor installation (see NEMA ICS 6 and NEMA 250). 5.2 Type. Magnetic, manual, or solid state. ANSI/ASAE S
28、397.4 NOV2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 3 5.3 Overload relays. Ambient-compensated with three overload elements (heaters). In submersible pump applications, “fast-trip” heater elements may be required. Starters with current sensing (current transformers) ove
29、r current protection do not require ambient compensation. 5.4 Heater element selection. Ambient-compensated overload heaters should be selected from the full-load current rating of the motor, and the controller manufacturer literature. Current sensing overload protection shall be set by referring th
30、e full-load current rating of the motor and by charts or instructions supplied by the controller manufacturer. 5.4.1 Where capacitors for power factor correction are added on the load side of a controller, the overload heater rating should be reduced according to the running current measured after c
31、apacitors are installed (see 11.2). 5.5 Internal motor protective devices may be used. 6 Pump Panels 6.1 A circuit disconnecting means and motor controller may be mounted in a single enclosure which has been approved as an irrigation pump controller (see NEMA ICS 2-Part 6-7.4 449). 6.2 Pump panels s
32、hall comply with Article 409, ANSI/NFPA 70. 7 Pump Motors 7.1 General specifications. Most pump motors are three phase, 60 hz, squirrel cage induction, normal starting torque, 40 C rise, with 1.15 service factor, or 50 C rise with 1.0 service factor if non-submersible. 7.1.1 Loading. Motors shall be
33、 selected such that the load does not cause a maximum continuous current that exceeds the rated current multiplied by the service factor. 7.2 Deep-well turbine pump vertical-hollow-shaft motors. These motors shall be provided with bearings of adequate thrust capacity to equal or exceed the total thr
34、ust imposed by the pump and shall be equipped with a nonreverse ratchet to prevent operation in reverse rotation. These motors shall meet NEMA weather-protected type 1 specifications (see ANSI/NEMA MG 1-1.25). 7.3 Other motors. Motors shall be equipped with bearings suitable for the application and
35、shall be selected from frame sizes, facing, and shaft dimensions recommended by ANSI/NEMA MG 1-Part 11. 7.3.1 Horizontal motors must meet NEMA specifications for drip-proof motors (see ANSI/NEMA MG 1-1.25). 7.3.2 When motors are used in the vertical position, they shall meet NEMA specifications for
36、weather-protected type 1 motors (see ANSI/ NEMA MG 1-1.25) and be suitable for such operation. 7.4 Rodent screens. Motors shall be protected from rodents by factory-installed screens (see ANSI/NEMA MG 1-14. 9). All unused knock-outs in motor and control enclosures shall be closed. 7.5 Guarding. Guar
37、ds shall be installed to adequately protect persons from accidental contact with belts, pulleys, or other rotating equipment in accordance with ANSI/ASAE S493. 8 Other Motors 8.1 Other motors, such as those used on injector pumps, hydraulic pumps, and compressors shall be suitable for use in the int
38、ended environment. ANSI/ASAE S397.4 NOV2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 4 8.2 Guarding for other motors shall be in accordance with 7.5. 9 Equipment Protection and Sizing 9.1 Recommended sizing for fuses, switches, starters, conductors, and conduit are listed
39、in table 1 for 230 V motors and in table 2 for 460 V motors. The circuit location of switches and protective devices is shown in all the figures. 9.1.1 Electrical service is nominally 240 or 480 V at the transformer power supply. This voltage provides the proper range for 230 and 460 V motors. 9.2 A
40、uxiliary devices are recommended which protect motors from either phase failure or low voltage. 10 Grounding 10.1 A grounding means shall be installed at the meter and shall serve as a service ground. If the service disconnecting means is not adjacent to the meter, a separate service grounding elect
41、rode shall be installed for connecting a grounding conductor. See figures 17 for proper grounding connections. 10.2 A grounding conductor shall be provided to serve as the interconnection between equipment grounds, the service grounds, and the transformer ground. 10.3 The necessity for maintaining t
42、he integrity of the grounding connection in irrigation equipment dictates that grounding conductors be required when motors, auxiliary enclosures or equipment are involved (see figures 1-7). This is similar to requirements for marine applications in Article 555.15, ANSI/NFPA 70, except that groundin
43、g conductors are not required to be insulated. 10.4 Grounding-electrode conductors should be routed in the most direct manner, and without sharp bends, to the grounding electrode. 10.5 The equipment grounding conductor shall not be used as a current carrying conductor on the load side of the first d
44、isconnecting means. 10.6 All enclosures, cabinets, and other metallic parts that may become accidentally energized shall be bonded to the requirements of Article 250.4, ANSI/NFPA 70. 11 Power Factor Correction 11.1 Capacitors for power factor correction are recommended for motors 7.5 kW (10 hp) and
45、larger. The recommended size of the capacitor that should be installed is shown in table 3. Capacitors shall be installed on the motor side of the running-overcurrent device (see figures 8 and 9) or shall be protected by a disconnecting means and overcurrent protection in accordance with Article 460
46、.8, ANSI/NFPA 70. 11.2 Size of overload heaters or the setting for current sensing overload protections devices may need to be reduced when power factor correction is installed (see 5.4.1). 12 Lightning (Surge) Arrestors 12.1 Secondary lightning (surge) arrestors should be used. When used, the first
47、 surge arrestor shall be installed on the supply side, main service entrance disconnect. Additional arrestors may be installed on load side or line side of equipment (see figures 1-7). ANSI/ASAE S397.4 NOV2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5 12.2 When used, arre
48、stors shall be installed on the exterior of enclosures. 13 Irrigation Machines 13.1 Irrigation machines shall comply with Article 675, ANSI/NFPA 70, and ANSI/ASAE S362. 13.2 A disconnecting means shall be provided for the main control panel of an irrigation machine. 13.3 Disconnecting means shall be
49、 provided at each supply point when a single irrigation machine is moved from one point to another. 13.4 Figures 10 and 11 indicate the recommended equipment, connections, protection and grounding for service to phase converters from 240 or 480 V supply. 13.5 Figure 12 indicates the recommended equipment connections, protection, and grounding for a three-phase generator serving an irrigation machine. 14 Interlocking When personal hazard or property damage may be caused by the failure of any one device (such as a fertilizer injector or an irrigation machine) to
