1、Steam and Water Sampling, Conditioning, and Analysis in the Power CyclePerformance Test CodesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME PTC 19.11-2008(Revision of ASME PTC 19.11-1997)Intentionally left blank ASME PTC 19.11-2008(Revision of ASME PTC 19.11-1997)Steam and WaterSampling,Conditioning, andAnalysis
2、 in the PowerCyclePerformance Test CodesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDate of Issuance: August 6, 2008This Code will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be noaddenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations o
3、f technical aspects of thisdocument. Periodically certain actions of the ASME PTC Committee will be published as Code Cases.Code Cases and interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued.ASME is the registered trademark of The
4、American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests ha
5、ve had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, co
6、nstruction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicab
7、le letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or pers
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9、erpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2008 byTHE AMERICAN
10、SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSNotice . vForeword viCommittee Roster . viiiCorrespondence With the PTC 19.11 Committee ixSection 1 Object, Scope, and Application .1-1 Object 11-2 Scope 11-3 Application 11-4 Uncertainty 1Section 2 Sample Point and Analysis
11、Selection Criteria 22-1 Introduction 22-2 Thermal Power Generation Cycles 22-3 Water Treatment Schemes . 22-4 Makeup 42-5 Condensate 42-6 Polisher Effluent 52-7 Deaerator Inlet . 52-8 Deaerator Outlet 52-9 Final Feedwater or Economizer Inlet 52-10 Steam Generator Water . 62-11 Saturated Steam 62-12
12、Superheated Steam (Including Reheat) 62-13 Feedwater Heater Drains . 62-14 Moisture Separator Reheater Drains . 62-15 Rotor Air Coolers . 62-16 Bibliography . 7Section 3 Obtaining the Sample 83-1 Introduction 83-2 Water Sampling 83-3 Isokinetic Sampling . 83-4 Saturated Steam 83-5 Superheated Steam
13、. 103-6 Bibliography . 103-7 Further Reading 10Section 4 Transporting the Sample . 114-1 Introduction 114-2 Sample Line Construction 114-3 Deposition . 124-4 Saturated Steam 124-5 Superheated Steam . 134-6 Liquid Samples . 154-7 Bibliography . 15Section 5 Sample Conditioning . 185-1 Introduction 185
14、-2 Definitions . 185-3 Materials . 185-4 Valves and Fittings . 18iii5-5 Sample Coolers . 195-6 Flow Meters 205-7 Sample Filters 205-8 Pressure and Temperature Gages 205-9 Pumps . 205-10 Sample Conditioning Methodology . 205-11 Bibliography . 23Section 6 Sample Analysis and Instrumentation . 246-1 In
15、troduction 246-2 Definitions . 246-3 Analysis, Definitions, and Applications . 266-4 Other Methods . 346-5 Bibliography . 36Section 7 Data Acquisition and Data Analysis . 377-1 Introduction 377-2 Purpose of Data and Data Storage 377-3 Data Quality . 377-4 Data Storage Issues . 37Figures2-2-1 General
16、ized Fossil Cycle 32-2-2 Heat Recovery Steam Generator System . 43-2.1 Typical Nozzles for Sampling Water . 93-3 Effects of Nonisokinetic Sampling . 93-4.1 Typical Single-Port Nozzle 95-10.1 Typical Sample Line for High-Pressure Service 21Tables2-2 Sample Points and Analyses Location . 54-4.3-1 Reco
17、mmended Sample Tube Sizes for Pressures 500 psia . 144-4.3-2 Recommended Sample Tube Sizes for Pressures 400 psia . 166-3.1 Alkalinity 276-3.2 Amines (Neutralizing) 276-3.3 Ammonia 276-3.4 Carbon Dioxide 276-3.5 Chloride . 286-3.6.1 Specific Conductivity . 286-3.6.2 Cation Conductivity 296-3.6.3 Deg
18、assed Cation Conductivity 296-3.7 Copper . 296-3.8 Dissolved Oxygen 296-3.9 Hydrazine 306-3.10 Hydrogen 306-3.11 Ion Chromatography . 316-3.12 Iron 316-3.14 Organic Anions . 316-3.15 Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) 326-3.16 Oxygen Scavengers (Reducing Agents) 326-3.17 pH . 326-3.18 Phosphate 336
19、-3.20 Silica . 336-3.21 Sodium 346-3.22 Sulfate . 346-3.23 Total Organic Carbon (TOC) 346-3.25 Turbidity . 34Nonmandatory AppendicesA Leakage Detection and Measurement 39B Throttling Calorimeter 45ivNOTICEAll Performance Test Codes must adhere to the requirements of ASME PTC 1, GeneralInstructions.
20、The following information is based on that document and included here for emphasisand the convenience of the user of this Code. It is expected that the Code user is fully cognizantof Sections 1 and 3 of ASME PTC 1 and has read them prior to applying this Code.ASME Performance Test Codes provide test
21、 procedures that yield results of the highest levelof accuracy consistent with the best engineering knowledge and practice currently available.They were developed by balanced committees representing all concerned interests and specifyprocedures, instrumentation, equipment-operating requirements, cal
22、culation methods, and uncer-tainty analysis.When tests are run in accordance with a code, the test results themselves, without adjustmentfor uncertainty, yield the best available indication of the actual performance of the tested equip-ment. ASME Performance Test Codes do not specify means to compar
23、e those results with contrac-tual guarantees. Therefore, it is recommended that the parties to a commercial test agree beforestarting the test and preferably before signing the contract on the method to be used for comparingthe test results with the contractual guarantees. It is beyond the scope of
24、any Code to determineor interpret how such comparisons shall be made.vFOREWORDThe scope of Technical Committee No. 19 was to prepare Instruments and Apparatus Supple-ments describing the various types of instruments and methods of measurement likely to beprescribed in the ASME Performance Test Codes
25、. Supplement Part 11, Water and Steam in thePower Cycle, presents the limits of application, treatment of interference, detailed procedure, andprobable precision for selected methods of tests for determining steam purity and quality andcondenser leakage.The methods of measurement and prescribed inst
26、ruments, including instructions for their use,are mandatory only when specified in the individual test codes. Other methods and instruments,even though included in the Instruments and Apparatus Supplement, shall not be used for formalperformance tests unless all the parties agree.Some of the instrum
27、entation is associated in footnotes with one or more suppliers, especiallyin the adapted ASTM methods of test. In each instance, the reference provides information ofspecial significance or value to the user of the document. Such citations in this and other Partsof the Performance Test Codes I and A
28、 Supplement are not to be construed as endorsements bythe Society of a particular suppliers product.Part of the material on Purity and Quality of Steam was printed in preliminary form in theJune 1930 issue of Mechanical Engineering. A more formal draft of the first Part 11 was approvedby the Standin
29、g Committee October 6, 1930 and approved and adopted by the Council of theSociety on November 28, 1930. The first Part 21 on Leak Detection and Measurement was publishedin 1942 after similar approvals.An updated revision of Part 11 was approved by the then Power Test Codes Committee onFebruary 4, 19
30、58 and approved and adopted by the Council of the Society by action of the Boardon Codes and Standards on November 28, 1958. An updated revision of Part 21 was approvedby the then Power Test Codes Committee on March 28, 1963 and approved and adopted by theCouncil of the Society by the action of the
31、Board on Codes and Standards on February 14, 1964.In June 1964, the PTC Committee No. 19, Part 11, was reorganized and instructed to updateand rewrite the Supplement Parts on testing water and steam. The result was Supplement PartII, Water and Steam in the Power Cycle (Purity and Quality, Leak Detec
32、tion and Measurement),superseding Parts 11 (1959) and 21 (1965). It was approved by the Performance Test CodesCommittee on June 6, 1969 and approved and adopted by the Council of the Society by actionof the Board on Codes and Standards on November 5, 1969.The Code issued in 1997 was a revised and up
33、dated version of ASME/ANSI PTC 19.11-1970,Water and Steam in the Power Cycle (Purity and Quality, Leak Detection, and Measurement). Itdiffered from its predecessor in a number of ways, including format and content. The formathad been reorganized to follow the flow of the sample. The content had been
34、 expanded to reflectadvances made since 1970, in all related areas affecting accurate measurements. The 1997 versionof PTC 19.11 was approved by the ASME Board on Performance Test Codes on May 28, 1996and adopted by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as an American NationalStandard on
35、February 13, 1997.Experience shows that the design, construction, and operation of sampling systems for thermalpower plants have often been less than ideal. Such practices as withdrawing samples from drilledholes through the pipe or tube wall and sampling lines as large as34-in. pipe with numerousth
36、readed fittings have been all too common. Ignoring the importance of maintaining proper fluidvelocities in sampling lines has led to deposition of impurities on sample line surfaces so thatthe sample being analyzed bears little resemblance to the sample at its source. Improper sampleconditioning (sa
37、mple condensing and/or cooling and sample flow regulation) along with poorsampling locations and analysis methods have also taken their toll. And, finally, failure to perma-nently record and analyze the data taken can lead to expensive failures. The purpose of this Codeis to present information on p
38、roper design, construction, and operation of steam and watersampling systems in the power cycle. The following sections are included:vi(a) Section 1, Object, Scope, and Application, describes the aims, content, and limits of thisCode.(b) Section 2, Sample Selection Criteria, describes the components
39、 of a thermal power plantand what sample locations might be selected.(c) Section 3, Obtaining the Sample, describes equipment design and operation for takingsamples of saturated steam, superheated steam, and water.(d) Section 4, Transporting the Sample, deals with proper sampling line design and ope
40、ration.A table of satisfactory sample line sizes for various pressures and line lengths is presented.(e) Section 5, Sample Conditioning, describes the recommended design and operation so asto provide proper sample flow, pressure, and temperature control, which is required for manualor automatic anal
41、ysis.(f) Section 6, Sample Analysis and Instrumentation, describes analyses that are usually madeof samples. Principles of operation, precision, and literature references for analysis methods arealso given.(g) Section 7, Data Collection, Analysis, and Control, describes automatic instrumentation for
42、collecting and storing data, means for retrieving and analyzing stored data (e.g., short- and long-term trends), and automated control purposes.(h) Nonmandatory Appendices(1) Nonmandatory Appendix A, Leakage Detection and Measurement(2) Nonmandatory Appendix B, Throttling CalorimeterThis revision ad
43、ds information on new sampling methods and instrumentation related tocombined cycle plants using Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSG), new analytical instrumentsthat aid in sample analysis, and other updates and advances in sampling methods and conceptsdeveloped since the last revision.This edition
44、 was approved by the Board on Standardization and Testing on December 10, 2007and by the ANSI Board of Standards Review as an American National Standard on January15, 2008.viiASME PTC COMMITTEEPerformance Test Codes(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standar
45、d.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSM. P. McHale, ChairJ. R. Friedman, Vice ChairJ. H. Karian, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELP. G. Albert, General Electric Co.R. P. Allen, ConsultantR. L. Bannister, Member Emeritus, ConsultantJ. M. Burns, Burns EngineeringW. C. Campbell, Southern Company Services
46、M. J. Dooley, Alstom PowerA. J. Egli, Alstom PowerJ. R. Friedman, Siemens Power Generation, Inc.G. J. Gerber, ConsultantP. M. Gerhart, University of EvansvilleW. O. Hays, Honorary Member, RetiredT. C. Heil, The Babcock however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requests that ar
47、e not in this format will be rewritten in this format by the Committee priorto being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that might affect an interpretation is a
48、vailable. Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The PTC 19.11 Committee regularly holds m
49、eetings, which areopen to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of thePTC 19.11 Committee.ixIntentionally left blank ASME PTC 19.11-2008STEAM AND WATER SAMPLING, CONDITIONING, ANDANALYSIS IN THE POWER CYCLESection 1Object, Scope, and Application1-1 OBJECTThe object of this Code is to specify and discuss themethods and instrumentation for testing boiler make-up and feedwater, steam, and condensate in relation toperformance testing as may be required in PerformanceTest Codes in one-time acceptance testing and continu-ous performance monitoring.Th
