1、Designation: F1092 14 An American National StandardStandard Specification forFiberglass (GRP) Pultruded Open-Weather Storm andGuard, Square Railing Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1092; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the material requirements,construction, instal
3、lation, and testing requirements for open-weather deck, storm-and-guard, fiberglass square railing sys-tems. Components are to be manufactured by the pultrusionprocess.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions
4、 to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use.
5、It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD638 Test Method for Tensile Pr
6、operties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD3846
7、 Test Method for In-Plane Shear Strength of Rein-forced PlasticsD3917 Specification for Dimensional Tolerance of Thermo-setting Glass-Reinforced Plastic Pultruded ShapesE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials3. Terminology3.1 pultrusionprocess of pulling fiberglass r
8、ovings(strands), mats, and other forms of reinforcements such aswoven fiberglass through baths of thermosetting liquid resin,and then through a heated forming die (made of steel) to forma completed composite fiberglass structural shape.3.1.1 DiscussionThe heated die causes a chemical reac-tion to be
9、 initiated in the resin. The liquid resin molecules willcross-link and develop into a hardened plastic that is reinforcedwith the fiberglass.4. Classification4.1 Handrails and stanchions shall be fiberglass pultrudedsquare tube available in the following two types:4.1.1 Type 1FThree-course railing s
10、ystems, for use alongthe exposed peripheries of freeboards, weather decks, andsuperstructure decks.4.1.2 Type 2FTwo-course railing systems, for use onbridges, platforms, walkways, and elsewhere as needed.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-clude the foll
11、owing information:5.1.1 Quantity (lineal feet (metres) of railing system).5.1.2 Name of material (fiberglass pultruded square railingsystem).5.1.3 Type (see 4.1).5.1.4 Fiberglass coaming, if specified (lineal feet (metres).(See 6.2.5.)5.1.5 Attachment method for stanchions (see 6.2.6).5.1.6 ASTM des
12、ignation and year of issue.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials:6.1.1 The fiberglass (GRP) pultruded square tube shall be 2214 in. (50 50 6.4 mm) with the outside corner radius532 in. (4 mm). A synthetic surface veil shall be the outermostlayer of reinforcement covering the entire exterior surf
13、ace. The1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.03 onOutfitting and Deck Machinery.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous
14、edition approved in 2010 as F1092 04 (2010).DOI: 10.1520/F1092-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web
15、site.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1resin used throughout the part shall be either a flame retardedisophthalic polyester or a flame retarded vinyl ester resin,meeting the requirements of 6.1.1.1, and containing an ult
16、ra-violet radiation (UV) inhibitor. The exterior of the pultrudedsquare tubing shall have a 1 mil (0.025 mm) minimumpolyurethane protective coating for added ultraviolet protec-tion. The fiberglass pultruded square tubing shall meet theproperties specified in Table 1 and dimensional tolerances shall
17、be in accordance with Specification D3917.6.1.1.1 The material used for the fiberglass pultruded squaretube shall achieve a flame spread index not exceeding 25 anda smoke developed index not exceeding 450 when tested inaccordance with Test Method E84.6.1.2 Fiberglass sheet or solid fiberglass bar sh
18、all be used tofabricate the internal connectors for the square tube. Theinternal connectors will be 112 112 in. (38.1 38.1 mm) withlength and angularity variable to meet the requirements of eachconnection. Angular connections shall be fabricated fromfiberglass sheet bonded together using a bisphenol
19、A/epichlorohydrin epoxy resin with an amine curing agent togive a minimum thickness of 112 in. (38.1 mm). The angularconnections will be fabricated to the proper dimension from thefiberglass sheets that have been bonded together. Fiberglasssheet used for angular connections shall meet the properties
20、specified in Table 1. Fiberglass solid bar, 112 112 in. (38.1 38.1 mm), shall be used for the straight connections and shallmeet the properties specified in Table 1.6.1.3 Rivets shall be nickel copper or nonmetallic.6.1.4 Bolts shall be12 in. (12.7 mm) diameter, 316 stainlesssteel.6.1.5 Adhesive use
21、d to bond internal connectors to fiber-glass pultruded square tube shall be a bisphenolA/epichlorohydrin epoxy resin with an amine curing agent.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 There shall be a minimum clearance of 4 in. (101 mm)between rail or stanchion centerline and other structure exceptwhere a direct tie-
22、in is desired.6.2.2 Stanchions and standoffs are to be spaced on 5 ft (1.52m) maximum centers.6.2.3 All top rails are to be located 42 in. (1.067 m) abovethe deck (deck to top of square tube).6.2.4 Railing system height for ladders shall be measuredvertically from the nosing line.6.2.5 Coaming const
23、ructed of fiberglass pultruded materialshall meet the properties specified in Table 1. Fiberglasscoaming shall be 4 in. (101 mm) in vertical height from its topedge to the level of the deck. Fiberglass coaming shall be acorrugated or channel design with a minimum of12 in. (12mm) deep section or mini
24、mum12 in. channel leg to developadded strength. It shall be securely fastened to the stanchionusing nickel-copper rivets and with not more than14 in. (6.4mm) clearance above floor level. The thickness shall be at least316 in. (4.75 mm) with the overall depth not more than 1 in. (26mm). See Fig. 1 fo
25、r example.6.2.6 Fiberglass square tube rail stanchions shall be attachedto the deck or structural supports as follows:6.2.6.1 Attached to steel coaming (Fig. 2).6.2.6.2 Inserted in pedestal/stanchion mount (Fig. 3).6.2.6.3 Attached to structural members (Fig. 4).TABLE 1 Fiberglass Pultruded Material
26、 PropertiesTest Method psi (MPa)Specifications for 2(516.4)Pultruded Fiberglass SquareTube and Coaming:Ultimate tensile strength in longitudinal direction D638 30 000 (207), minUltimate compressive strength in longitudinal direction D695 30 000 (207), minUltimate flexural strength in longitudinal di
27、rection D790 30 000 (207), minUltimate shear strength in longitudinal direction D3846 5500 (38), minUltimate tensile strength in transverse direction D638 7000 (48), minUltimate compressive strength in transverse direction D695 15 000 (103), minUltimate flexural strength in transverse direction D790
28、 10 000 (69), minUltimate shear strength in transverse direction D3846 5500 (38), minDensity (lb/in.3(kg/mm3) D792 0.065 (0.00180), minWater absorption (24-h immersion) D570 0.60 max, % by weightSpecification for Pultruded Fiberglass Sheet:Ultimate tensile strength in longitudinal direction D638 20
29、000 (138), minUltimate compressive strength in longitudinal direction D695 25 000 (172), minUltimate flexural strength in longitudinal direction D790 30 000 (207), minUltimate shear strength in longitudinal direction D3846 5500 (38), minUltimate tensile strength in transverse direction D638 10 000 (
30、69), minUltimate compressive strength in transverse direction D695 15 000 (103), minUltimate flexural strength in transverse direction D790 13 000 (90), minUltimate shear strength in transverse direction D3846 5500 (38), minDensity (lb/in.3(kg/mm3) D792 0.064 (0.00177), minWater absorption (24-h imm
31、ersion) D570 0.50 max, % by weightSpecifications for Pultruded 1 1 in. (38.1 38.1 mm) SolidFiberglass Bar:Ultimate tensile strength in longitudinal direction D638 100 000 (689), minUltimate compressive strength in longitudinal direction D695 60 000 (414), minUltimate flexural strength in longitudina
32、l direction D790 100 000 (689), minDensity (lb/in.3(kg/mm3) D792 0.074 (0.00205), minWater absorption (24-h immersion) D570 0.25 max, % by weightF1092 1426.2.6.4 Attached to steel angle (Fig. 5).7. Dimensions7.1 Dimensions for Type 1FThree-course rails shall be inaccordance with Fig. 6.7.2 Dimension
33、s for Type 2FTwo-course rails shall be inaccordance with Fig. 1.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 All cut edges and holes shall be sealed with a compat-ible resin system containing a UV inhibitor.8.2 All connections shall be made using a one piece solidinternal connector (in accordance with
34、6.1.2) bonded to theinterior of the square tube using an epoxy adhesive and riveted.The following types of connections are defined:8.2.1 Corner connection (Fig. 7).8.2.2 Splice (Fig. 8).8.2.3 Midrail to stanchion (Fig. 9).8.2.4 Top rail to stanchion (Fig. 10).8.2.5 Stair railing system to stanchion
35、(Fig. 11).8.2.6 Stair rail to rail (Fig. 12).8.3 All bolted connections shall have a one-piece solidinternal connector (in accordance with 6.1.2) bonded to theinterior of the square tube through which connector holes willbe drilled. A minimum 1 in. (26 mm) length of the solidinternal connector will
36、be on each side of the drilled hole.8.4 Additional solid internal connector pieces can bebonded with epoxy adhesive to the interior of the square tubeas desired.FIG. 1 Fiberglass CoamingF1092 1439. Test Methods9.1 Test at least one end stanchion and one other stanchionof each platform or deck by app
37、lication of a load horizontallyin accordance with the methods in “Strength and Stiffness ofMetal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings.”310. Keywords10.1 fiberglass rails; marine; open-weather deck; pultruded;railing system; ship; square rails; storm-and-guard3“Strength and Stiffness of Metal Rail
38、ing Systems and Rails for Buildings,”Journal of Testing and Evaluation,ASTM International, Vol 16, No. 2, March 1988,pp. 214221.FIG. 2 Steel CoamingF1092 144NOTE 1All joints to be epoxied and bolted or riveted.FIG. 3 Pedestal/Stanchion MountFIG. 4 Railing System StanchionsStructural MembersF1092 145
39、FIG. 5 Railing Systems Stanchions Anchored to Steel DeckFIG. 6 Three-Course RailF1092 146FIG. 7 Corner ConnectionFIG. 8 SpliceF1092 147FIG. 9 Midrail to StanchionFIG. 10 Top Rail to StanchionF1092 148FIG. 11 Stair to StanchionF1092 149ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of a
40、ny patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to re
41、vision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your
42、 comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyr
43、ighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 12 Stair Rail to RailF1092 1410
