1、Designation: F1853 11 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forMeasuring Sleeping Bag Packing Volume1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1853; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the quantitative volume of asleeping bag in a cylinder under a standardized load.1.2 This tes
3、t method uses a physical volumetric measure-ment applicable in the laboratory or in the field.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses areprovided for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety con
4、cerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 sleeping bag, na structure made of down, synt
5、heticfiberfill, shell fabrics, or other materials, or both, that isdesigned for people to use for thermal protection whensleeping (for example, outdoors, tent, cabin).3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method can be used to quantify and comparepacking volumes of sleeping bags. It defines the volum
6、eoccupied by a sleeping bag under a standardized load (see 4.2).4. Apparatus4.1 Measuring CylinderA circularly round container,measuring in diameter 45 6 3 cm (18 6 1 in.), suitable tocontain the sleeping bag being measured, and capable of notdeforming when the loading system is applied. See Annex A
7、1for specifications on a typical design.4.2 Loading SystemAcircular plate or piston structure thatclosely matches the diameter of the measuring cylinder, withweights, that provides a 6.90 6 0.07 kPa (1.00 6 0.01 psi)load. The diameter of the plate or piston structure should beslightly undersized, co
8、mpared to the measuring cylinder, toallow air to escape as the bag under test is subject to theloading force. Small ventilation holes are also acceptable toallow air to escape. See Annex A1 for specifications on atypical design.4.3 Measuring ScaleA scale accurate to 1 mm (1/16 in.)and having a capac
9、ity to measure the height of the loadingsystem in the measuring cylinder. For convenience, multiplescales can be placed around (and can be affixed to) themeasuring cylinder so opposing height readings can be takendirectly. Additionally, scale markings can be customized toread packing volume directly
10、 since the cross-sectional area ofthe cylinder is constant.5. Procedure5.1 Perform tests at ambient temperatures between 10 and25C (55 and 80F).5.2 Zip up the sleeping bag and place feet end first into themeasuring cylinder. The bag should be packed down slightly tomake its distribution in the measu
11、ring cylinder as uniform aspossible. Sleeping bags with low air permeability outer shellsmay be turned inside out to minimize the settling time(entrained air release) when the load is applied.5.3 Apply the loading system to the sleeping bag in themeasuring cylinder and allow to settle. The system is
12、 deemedsettled when the change in measured height is less that 1 mmin a 1 min interval.5.3.1 Using the typical design shown in AnnexA1, place thepiston assembly into the measuring cylinder with the firstround disk contacting the surface of the bag. Stack weights ontop of the second disk of the pisto
13、n assembly for a total (pistonand weights) of 114.1 kg (250.0 lb).5.4 Take two height readings to the nearest 1 mm (1/16 in.),one opposite the other, of the height of the compressed bag inthe measuring cylinder.5.4.1 Using the typical design shown in the annex, take twoheight readings, one opposite
14、the other, at the top of the seconddisk of the piston assembly. Areas where the bag materialcreeps up past the loading system or where an air pocket formsshould not be used for the measurement. A flashlight can beheld inside the semi-transparent measuring cylinder so that thelocation of the top disk
15、 can be accurately determined. Subtractthe distance between the top disk and bottom disk (in contact1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilitiesand is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.22 on Camping Softgoods.Curren
16、t edition approved April 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F1853 03. DOI:10.1520/F1853-11.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1with the bag) from the measurem
17、ent and use as the bag heightreading. In accordance with the piston assembly shown inAnnex A1, this dimension is 10.2 cm (4 in.).5.5 Replication of TestsRepeat the procedure above oneach bag, where the subject bag is completely removed andshaken for ;1 min and then repacked in the measuringcylinder
18、for each repetition. Average the four resulting heightvalues to yield the sleeping bag height measurement underload.5.6 Method for Low Volume BagsIf the test bag measuresless than 7.5 L repeat the test as follows:5.6.1 Perform the test (5.1 5.5) using a second sleepingbag (called the basis bag) that
19、 is greater than 10 L.5.6.2 After testing the basis bag, remove the load and theplywood disc. Place the test bag on top of the basis bag. Repeatthe procedure steps in 5.1 5.5.5.6.3 After calculating the volume use the calculation in 7.4to arrive at the final volume.6. Calculation6.1 Calculate the pa
20、cking volume of the sleeping bag undertest using the following formula:V 5 h r2! (1)where:V = packing volume, m3or L, where 1000 L = 1 m3,h = height of the sleeping bag under load in the measuringcylinder, m, andr = radius of the measuring cylinder, m.7. Report7.1 State that the sleeping bag was tes
21、ted as directed in thistest method (ASTM F1853). Explain any departures from thespecified apparatus or procedure.7.2 Describe the sleeping bag that was tested and itsorientation as tested (normal or turned inside out, see 5.2).7.3 Report the packing volume (V )inm3or L, where 1000L=1m3units. Report
22、packing volume values to threesignificant figures.7.4 Calculation for Low Volume BagsCalculate the testbag compressed volume by subtracting the volume of the basisbag from the volume of the basis bag + the test bag as follows:Volume calculation for low volume (LV) bags:(Basis bag volume + LV bag vol
23、ume) (basis bag volume) =LV bag volume8. Precision and Bias8.1 PrecisionThe repeatability standard deviation hasbeen determined to be 66 % in one laboratory. The reproduc-ibility of this test method is being determined.8.2 BiasNo information can be presented on the bias ofthe procedure for determini
24、ng the packing volume because nosleeping bag having an accepted reference value is available.9. Keywords9.1 packing volume; sleeping bagANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF APPARATUSA1.1 A typical packing volume measuring cylinder can be ahigh density polyethylene (HDPE) seamless,
25、 rotation-moldedtank with rigid walls, ;46 cm (18 in.) diameter, ;76 cm (30in.) height, and ;0.5 cm (3/16 in.) wall thickness.A1.2 A typical loading system in inch-pound units is shownfor illustration purposes in Fig. A1.1. The component parts(also in inch-pound units) are illustrated in Figs. A1.1-
26、A1.5.These are typical examples for construction consideration thatmeet the dimensional criteria described in Section 4. Weightswith a slot width of ;2 cm (3/4 in.) and meeting the NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology Class F tolerances andNIST traceability are preferred.F1853 112FIG. A1.1
27、Typical Sleeping Bag Packing Volume Loading System, Piston StructureNOTE 1Dimensions in inches.FIG. A1.2 Loading System, Part T-1, SpacerNOTE 1Dimensions in inches.FIG. A1.3 Loading System, Part T-2, WasherF1853 113ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights ass
28、erted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time b
29、y the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will rece
30、ive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM Inte
31、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or throu
32、gh the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1Dimensions in inches.FIG. A1.4 Loading System, Part T-3, PistonNOTE 1Dimensions in inches.FIG. A1.5 Loading System, Part T-4, HandleF1853 114
