ANSI ASTM F2192-2005 Standard Test Method for Determining and Reporting the Berthing Energy and Reaction of Marine Fenders《测定和报告海事救难装置的靠船能量和反应的试验方法》.pdf
《ANSI ASTM F2192-2005 Standard Test Method for Determining and Reporting the Berthing Energy and Reaction of Marine Fenders《测定和报告海事救难装置的靠船能量和反应的试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ANSI ASTM F2192-2005 Standard Test Method for Determining and Reporting the Berthing Energy and Reaction of Marine Fenders《测定和报告海事救难装置的靠船能量和反应的试验方法》.pdf(5页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: F2192 05 (Reapproved 2011)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDetermining and Reporting the Berthing Energy andReaction of Marine Fenders1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2192; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofori
2、ginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONA marine fender is an energy-absorbing device that is typicall
3、y secured against the face of a marinefacility or a ships hull for the purpose of attenuating the forces inherent in arresting the motion ofberthing vessels safely. Most modern fenders fall into three general classifications based on thematerial used to absorb energy: (1) solid rubber fenders in whi
4、ch the material absorbs the energy, (2)pneumatic (air-filled) fenders in which air absorbs the energy, and (3) foam-filled fenders in which thefoam core absorbs the energy.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the recommended proceduresfor quantitative testing, reporting, and verifying the energyabsor
5、ption and reaction force of marine fenders. Marinefenders are available in a variety of basic types with severalvariations of each type and multiple sizes and stiffnesses foreach variation. Depending on the particular design, marinefenders may also include integral components of steel, com-posites,
6、plastics, or other materials. All variations shall beperformance tested and reported according to this test method.1.2 There are three performance variables: berthing energy,reaction, and deflection. There are two methods used todevelop rated performance data (RPD) and published perfor-mance curves
7、for the three performance variables.1.3 The primary focus is on fenders used in berthside andship-to-ship applications for marine vessels. This testing pro-tocol does not address small fendering “bumpers” used inpleasure boat marinas, mounted to hulls of work boats, or usedin similar applications; i
8、t does not include durability testing. Itsprimary purpose is to ensure that engineering data reported inmanufacturers catalogues are based upon common testingmethods.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This s
9、tandard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.
10、1 ASTM Standards:2E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Significance and Use3.1 General:3.1.1 All testing shall define fender performance undervelocities that decrease linearly or that are proportional to thesquare root of percent of remai
11、ning rated energy.3.1.2 Rated performance data (RPD) and manufacturerspublished performance curves or tables, or both, shall be basedon: (1) initial deflection (berthing) velocity of 0.15 m/s anddecreasing to no more than 0.005 m/s at test end, (2) testing offully broken-in fenders (break-in testing
12、 is not required forpneumatic fenders), (3) testing of fenders stabilized at 23 65C (excluding pneumatic fenders; see 6.3), (4) testing offenders at 0 angle of approach, and (5) deflection (berthing)frequency of not less than 1 h (use a minimum 5-min deflectionfrequency for pneumatic fenders.).3.1.3
13、 Catalogues shall also include nominal performancetolerances as well as data and methodology to adjust perfor-mance curves or tables or both for application parametersdifferent from RPD conditions. Adjustment factors shall beprovided for the following variables: (1) other initial velocities:0.05, 0.
14、10, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 m/s; (2) other temperatures:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 onGeneral Requirements.Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originallyappr
15、oved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F2192 05. DOI:10.1520/F2192-05R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Sum
16、mary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.+50, +40, +30, +10, 0, 10, 20, 30; and (3) other contactangles: 3, 5, 8, 10, 15. In addition, RPD shall contain acautionary statement that published data do
17、 not necessarilyapply to constant-load and cyclic-loading conditions. In suchcases, designers are to contact fender manufacturers for designassistance.3.1.4 Adjustment factors for velocity and temperature shallbe provided for every catalogue compound or other energyabsorbing material offered by each
18、 manufacturer.3.2 Fender TestingPerformance testing to establish RPDmust use either one of two methods:3.2.1 Method ADeflection of full-size fenders at velocitiesinversely proportional to the percent of rated deflection ordirectly proportional to the square root of percent of remainingrated energy.
19、Test parameters shall be as defined for publishedRPD. RPD tests shall start at 0.15 m/s. Tests to establishadjustment factors for initial berthing velocities other than 0.15m/s shall start at those other initial velocities.3.2.2 Method BDeflection of full size fenders at constantvelocity with perfor
20、mance adjusted by velocity factors devel-oped from model tests. Velocity factors shall be the ratio ofperformance test results of models under the following condi-tions: (1) a constant strain rate similar to the strain rate of thefull-size fender at its test speed, and (2) decreasing speeddeflection
21、 with initial strain rate similar to that of the full-sizefender under RPD deflection conditions.3.2.3 The RPD for pneumatic fenders shall be determinedusing either Method A or Method B with miniature-sizefenders; in which case, the compression performance of airshall be directly extrapolated from t
22、he test data of reducedscale models.4. Apparatus4.1 The test apparatus shall be equipped with load cell(s)and linear transducer(s) capable of providing continuous moni-toring of fender performance. The test apparatus shall becapable of recording and storing load-cell and transducer dataat intervals
23、of 0.01 H, where H is a fenders nominal height,and storing manually entered inputs. Output information shallinclude, as a minimum:4.1.1 Serial number and description of test item,4.1.2 Date, time at start, and time at end of test,4.1.3 Location of test facility and test apparatus ID,4.1.4 Stabilizat
24、ion temperature of test specimen,4.1.5 Test ambient temperature, and4.1.6 Graphic plot(s) of: (1) deflection velocity versusdeflection (optional) (If not plotted, deflection velocity and itscharacteristics shall be separately noted.), (2) reaction versusdeflection, and (3) energy versus deflection.4
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