1、ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)An American National StandardStandard Welding ProcedureSpecification (SWPS) forGasTungsten ArcWelding of CarbonSteel (M-1/P-1/S-1,Group 1 or 2),1/8 through 1-1/2 inchThick, ER70S-2,As-Welded or PWHTCondition, PrimarilyPipe ApplicationsSite LicenseSite License to Make Co
2、pies for Intra-Company UseThis License is issued by the American Welding Society (hereinafter referred to as “AWS”) to you(hereinafter referred to as “Licensee”) based upon your application and conditions:1. By becoming a Licensee, Licensee agrees to all the terms contained in this License.2. Licens
3、ee is authorized to reproduce this AWS B2 Standard Welding Procedure for intra-company use only. Copies may not be made available to any individual not employed byLicensee or for any purpose unrelated to the business being conducted by Licensee.3. Any reproduction must include the following copyrigh
4、t notice: “Copyright by the AmericanWelding Society. Reproduced with the express written permission of the American WeldingSociety.”4. Licensee may not enter into any sublicense agreement.5. Reproduction of this Standard Welding Procedure signifies that you agree with the terms of theLicense. If you
5、 do not agree with the terms of this License please return this document, and anew document without the copyright notice will be issued.6. The AWS B2 Standard Welding Procedures are not the subject of any warranty. AWS disclaimsany liability arising from the use of any Standard Welding Procedure. AW
6、S is not liable for anyactual or consequential damages that may arise from the use of any Standard Welding Procedure.7. Licensee will notify AWS in writing if it becomes aware that any employee or other party hasmade copies or otherwise made use of any Standard Welding Procedure contrary to the term
7、s ofthe License.8. This License contains the entire understanding as between Licensee and AWS, and any changesmust be contained in a writing signed by both parties.9. The terms of this License are governed under the laws of the State of Florida, and both partiesagree to submit to the jurisdiction of
8、 the cognizant court of law within Dade County, Florida toresolve any disputes.550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteMay 28, 1996Standard Welding ProcedureSpecification (SWPS) forGas Tungst
9、en Arc Welding of Carbon Steel(M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2,As-Welded or PWHT Condition,Primarily Pipe ApplicationsPrepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) B2 Committee on Welding Procedure and Performance QualificationUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical
10、Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis standard contains the essential welding variables for carbon steel in the thickness range of 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch,using manual gas tungsten arc welding. It cites the base metals and operating conditions necessary to make theweld
11、ment, the filler metal specifications, and the allowable joint designs for fillet and groove welds. This WPS wasdeveloped primarily for pipe applications.Key WordsWelding Procedure Specification, base metal, allowable joint designs, filler metal, carbon steel, manual welding, gas tungsten arc weldin
12、giiANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-494-9American Welding Society550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 1996 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaReaffirmed: January 11, 2007iiiANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)Stat
13、ement on the Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican Nationa
14、l Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other govern-mental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In su
15、ch cases, any changes in those AWSstandards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part ofthose laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other documentthat invokes the AWS standards
16、. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirementsof an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing
17、varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the processand establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, orverify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its stan
18、dards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whetherspecial, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or relianceon this standard. AWS also makes no guaranty or warran
19、ty as to the accuracy or completeness of any informationpublished herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for oron behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity
20、 to someoneelse. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. U
21、sers should ensure that they have the latest edition.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard acceptany and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement ofany p
22、atent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.Finally, AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly, constituting errata. Such errata, when discovered, a
23、re postedon the AWS web page (www.aws.org).Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managin
24、g Director, Technical Services Division, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. With regard totechnical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These opinionsare offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute pr
25、ofessional advice. Such opinionsrepresent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalfof AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oralopinions are informal and
26、should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B2 Committee on Welding Procedure and PerformanceQualification. It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn.Comments (
27、recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving thisstandard are required and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful considerationby the AWS B2 Committee on Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification and the a
28、uthor of the comments willbe informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS B2Committee on Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification to express their comments verbally. Procedures forappeal of an adverse decision concerning all such co
29、mments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the TechnicalActivities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeuneRoad, Miami, FL 33126.ivANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)Personnel (Reaffirmation)AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qu
30、alificationG. M. Wisbrock, Chair Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire ControlJ. J. Fluckiger, Vice Chair Idaho National LaboratoryW. M. Ruof, Second Vice Chair Bechtel Plant Machinery, IncorporatedS. Morales, Secretary American Welding SocietyT. J. Anderson ConsultantB. Beckman International Training I
31、nstituteL. P. Connor ConsultantJ. L. Cooley J C If used, root shielding gas shall be Welding Grade ArgonFlow Rate: A typical flow rate of 5 to 15 ft3/h may be varied depending on componentconfiguration1 M, P, and S numbers for base metal and F and A numbers for filler metal and weld metal respective
32、ly, are as detailed in AWSB2.1 and ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.2 Preheat and interpass temperatures must be sufficient to prevent crack formation. Temperatures above the minimum shownmay be required for highly restrained welds or by the fabrication document(s).ANSI/AWS B2.1-1-20
33、7-96 (R2007)Page 3 of 14Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyTrailing Gas: NoneTorch Gas Nozzle Size: 1/4 to 3/4 in. inside diameterTUNGSTEN ELECTRODESType: ANSI/AWS A5.12 or ASME SFA 5.12, EWTh-2,
34、 EWCe-2, EWLa-1, or EWLa-1.5Size: 0.060 through 0.125 in. diameter sharpened to a blunt pointELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSGROOVE WELDS AND FILLET WELDSFiller Metal CurrentLayer Classification Dia. (in.) Amperes1PolarityRoot or Fill ER70S-2 1/16 60100 DCEN (Straight)Root or Fill ER70S-2 3/32 80140 DCEN
35、(Straight)Root or Fill ER70S-2 1/8 100160 DCEN (Straight)1. Values not to exceed the capacity of tungsten electrodes.Pulsing Current: Not permittedPOSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT)Postweld Heat Treatment: Welds may either be as-welded or postweld heat treated at 1100 to 1200F oras required by the fabri
36、cation document(s). If heat treated, the heat treatmenttime shall be 1 hour per inch of thickness (15 minutes minimum) unlessotherwise noted in the fabrication document(s).TECHNIQUEWeave or Stringer Bead: EitherPeening: Not permittedInitial Cleaning: Chemical or mechanical; joint shall be dry prior
37、to weldingInterpass Cleaning: Mechanical onlyBackgouging: Not required, mechanical or thermal if usedSingle or Multiple Passes: EitherMaximum Bead Thickness: 1/4 in.Repair: Defects in welds shall be removed by mechanical or thermal methods. Therepair cavity may differ in contour and dimension from a
38、 normal joint preparationand may present different restraint conditions. Repair of base metal defectsshall be in accordance with the requirements of the fabrication document(s).COMPANY NAMEIn the name of the Company stated above, I accept full responsibility for the application of this Standard WPSf
39、or use with:DatedFabrication Document(s): (such as Code, Specification, or Contract Document)DATE APPROVED BY TITLEANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)Page 4 of 14Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyFig
40、ure 1Allowable Joint DesignsFILLET WELDS: All JointsGROOVE WELDS: For pipe and tubular products, see Joints 1 through 4. In addition, joints havinggroove designs resulting from end preparations conforming with ASME/ANSI B16.25, ButtweldingEnds, and prequalified joint details for complete joint penet
41、ration groove welded joints permitted byANSI/AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code Steel, are also allowable for application with this WPS.JOINT 1JOINT 2f RafRraANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)Page 5 of 14Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is
42、granted by the American Welding SocietyFigure 1 (continued) Allowable Joint DesignsJOINT 3TYPICAL BRANCH CONNECTIONJOINT 4f1f2RrabffRaANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)Page 6 of 14Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American
43、 Welding SocietyFigure 1 (continued) Allowable Joint DesignsRECOMMENDED WELDING DIMENSIONS FOR SOCKET WELDING COMPONENTS OTHER THAN FLANGESJOINT 5RECOMMENDED WELDING DIMENSIONS FOR FLANGESJOINT 6X MIN. = 1.4 Tn OR THE THICKNESS OF THE HUB, WHICHEVER IS SMALLER, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BYTHE FABRIC
44、ATION DOCUMENT(S)Y MIN. = Tn OR 1/4 in., WHICHEVER IS SMALLER, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY THE FABRICATION DOCUMENT(S)Tn = NOMINAL PIPE WALL THICKNESSTnXXYXYXXXXXX X XYYAPPROXIMATELY1/16 in. BEFORE WELDINGANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)Page 7 of 14Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Permi
45、ssion to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyMetric Conversionsin. mm F C ft3/h L/min1/32 0.8 50 10 5 2.40.060 1.5 500 260 12 5.71/16 1.6 1100 595 15 7.13/32 2.4 1200 650 25 11.90.125 3.21/8 3.23/16 4.81/4 6.43/4 19.01 25.41-1/2 38.0Permission to reproduce
46、for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyANSI/AWS B2.1-1-207-96 (R2007)Page 8 of 14A1. IntroductionThe American Welding Society (AWS) Board of Directorshas adopted a policy whereby all official interpretationsof AWS standards are handled in a formal manner.Under this poli
47、cy, all interpretations are made by thecommittee that is responsible for the standard. Officialcommunication concerning an interpretation is directedthrough the AWS staff member who works with thatcommittee. The policy requires that all requests for aninterpretation be submitted in writing. Such req
48、uests willbe handled as expeditiously as possible, but due to thecomplexity of the work and the procedures that must befollowed, some interpretations may require considerabletime.A2. ProcedureAll inquiries shall be directed to:Managing DirectorTechnical Services DivisionAmerican Welding Society550 N
49、.W. LeJeune RoadMiami, FL 33126All inquiries shall contain the name, address, and affilia-tion of the inquirer, and they shall provide enough infor-mation for the committee to understand the point ofconcern in the inquiry. When the point is not clearlydefined, the inquiry will be returned for clarification. Forefficient handling, all inquiries should be typewritten andin the format specified below.A2.1 Scope. Each inquiry shall address one single provi-sion of the standard unless the point of the inquiryinvolves two or more interrelated provisions. The provi-sion(s) shall be id
