1、Specification for Resistance Welding of Carbon and Low-Alloy SteelsAWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017An American National StandardAWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteJanuary 3, 2017Specification for Resistance Welding of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels3rd
2、 EditionSupersedes AWS C1.4M /C1.4:2009Prepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) C1 Committee on Resistance WeldingUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis specification provides the shear strength and weld button diameter requ
3、irements for carbon steel and low-alloy steel sheet resistance and projection welds.AWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017iiISBN: 978-0-87171-904-12017 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retri
4、eval system, or transmitted in any form, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, or educational class
5、room use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropri-ate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet: .AWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017iiiStatement on the Use of American Welding Society Sta
6、ndardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS America
7、n National Standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen-tal bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards
8、must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exis
9、ts, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achie
10、ve consensus. While AWS administers the proc-ess and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any
11、 injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or complete
12、ness of any information pub-lished herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using
13、 these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It is assumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately
14、qualified and competent personnel.This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amend-ments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includ-ing amendments, errata, and adden
15、da is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they have the latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard accept any and all liabilities for infringement of a
16、ny patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement of any patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.Official interpretations of any of the t
17、echnical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society, Attention: Managing Director, Standards Development, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (see Ann
18、ex B). With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professional advice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of
19、 the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addi-tion, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.Th
20、is standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS C1 Committee on Resistance Welding. It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improvin
21、g this standard are requested and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS C1 Committee on Resistance Welding and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committees response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meeti
22、ngs of the AWS C1 Committee on Resistance Welding to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Weldin
23、g Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.AWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017ivThis page is intentionally blank.AWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017vPersonnelAWS C1 Committee on Resistance WeldingB. Kelly, Chair Kelly Welding SolutionsW. Qualls, Vice Chair ConsultantA. Babinski, Secretary American Welding SocietyT. Alexander
24、 Centerline (Windsor) Ltd.B. Bastian Benmar AssociatesW. Brafford Brafford Technical Solutions LLCR. Cohen WeldComputer CorporationM. Cubert SpaceXR. Michelena T. J. Snow Company, Inc.N. Scotchmer Huys Industries LimitedD. Sorenson ENTRON CONTROLS LLCAdvisors to the AWS C1 Committee on Resistance We
25、ldingC. Albright The Ohio State UniversityK. Hofman RoMan ManufacturingW. Jaxa-Rozen Bombardier TransportationM. Kimchi The Ohio State UniversityD. Maatz R for Fabricating Assemblies of Low Carbon SteelMIL-W-45223A, Welding Spot-Hardenable-SteelMIL-W-46154, Welding, Resistance, Spot and Projection f
26、or Fabricating Assemblies of Carbon Steel SheetsMIL-W-6858 and/or AMS W-6858 may take precedence over this standard based on contract specification.All changes to the 2009 edition are identified by a vertical line in the margin next to the text or an underline.Comments and suggestions for the improv
27、ement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary, AWS C1 Committee on Resistance Welding, American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36thSt, #130, Miami, FL 33166.AWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017viiiThis page is intentionally blank.AWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017ixTable of ContentsPage No.Personnel . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viiList of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiList of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi1. General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2 Units of Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.3 Safety . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . .13. Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24.1 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24.2 Material Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.3 Surface Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84.4 Part Fitup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85. Welding Equipment Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.1 Welding Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.2 Resistance Welding Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.3 Welding Current . . . .
38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.4 Roll Spot or Seam Welding Travel Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86. Preproduction Requ
39、irements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86.1 Validation of Welding Equipment and Qualification of Welding Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86.2 Visual Examination and Tolerances of
40、Welded Assembly or Test Specimen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96.3 Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96.4 Correlation of Welding Procedure Monitoring
41、 with WPS Qualification Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96.5 Recording of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96.6 Rejection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97. Production Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97.1 Control of Production . . . . . . . .
43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97.2 Welded Assembly Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Annex A (Informative) Informa
44、tive References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15Annex B (Informative) Requesting an Official Interpretation on an AWS Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17AWS C1.4M/C1.4:2017xThis page is intentionally blank.AW
45、S C1.4M/C1.4:2017xiList of TablesTable Page No.1. Weld Button Diameter Requirements for Resistance Spot Welds of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels . . . . . .32. Weld Button Diameter Requirements for Resistance Projection Welds of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43. Weld Button Diameter Requirements for Resistance Seam Welds of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47、. . . . . . . . . . . .54. Tension-Shear Strength Requirements for Resistance Spot Welds of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65. Tension-Shear Strength Requirements f
48、or Resistance Single Projection Welds of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76. Qualification of Essential Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9List of FiguresFigure Page No.1. Peel Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102. Measurement of a Weld Button Resulting from the Peel Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113. Tension-Shear Test Specimen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114a. U-Test Specimen . . . . . . . . . . . .
