1、 i ANSI B11.7-1995 (R2010) American National Standard for Machine Tools Cold Headers and Cold Formers Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and Use Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer: B11 Standards, Inc. 42293 Young Lane Leesburg, VA 20176 Approved: February 6, 1995 Reaffirmed: Nov
2、ember 17, 2010 by the American National Standards, Inc. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.71995 ii AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS By approving this American National Standard, the ANSI Board of Standards Review confirms that the requirements for due process, consensus, balance and openness have been met b
3、y AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology (the ANSI-accredited standards developing organization). American National Standards are developed through a consensus process. Consensus is established when substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Subst
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6、he soundness of any judgments contained in its standards or guidelines. American National Standards are promulgated through ANSI for voluntary use; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether they have approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or
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15、his document. AMT does not certify, test or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of conformance to any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to AMT and is solely the responsibility of
16、 the certifier or maker of the statement. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. You may contact the Secreta
17、riat for current status information on this, or other B11 standards. Individuals interested in obtaining up-to-date information on standards can access this information at http:www.nssn.org (or by contacting ANSI). NSSN - A National Resource for Global Standards, provides a central point to search f
18、or standards information from worldwide sources and can connect those who seek standards to those who supply them. Published by: AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 221024206, USA Copyright 2003 by the Association For Manufacturing Technology All rights r
19、eserved. Printed in the United States of America No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.71995 iii Contents Foreword .iv Introduction vii 1 Scope,
20、purpose, and application 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Definitions 3 4 Responsibility . 6 5 Hazard identification and hazard control strategy 9 6 Design and construction . 10 7 Layout, installation, testing and start-up . 19 8 Safeguarding 20 9 Care and use 24 Figure 1 Nomenclature for typical cold
21、 header (operators side) 26 Figure 2 Nomenclature for typical cold header (internal view camshaft side) 27 Figure 4 Large cold former . 29 Figure 5 Larger cold former 30 Figure 6 Toggle header (enclosure removed) 31 Figure 7 Twodie, threepunch cold header 32 Figure 8 Bearing cold header (ball and/or
22、 roller) 33 Figure 9 Micro former . 34 Figure 10 Formax boltmaker 35 Figure 11 Formax header . 36 Figure 12a Single die die block (example) 37 Figure 12b Multi die die block (example) . 37 Figure 13 Examples of hand feeding tools . 38 Figure 14 Example of turnover bar . 38 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
23、 B11.71995 iv Foreword (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard B11.7-1995) The primary objective of this standard is to eliminate or control the risk of injuries to personnel associated with cold headers and cold formers by establishing requirements for the machines construction, ca
24、re and use. To accomplish this objective, responsibilities have been assigned to the supplier (manufacturer, rebuilder, modifier) as well as to personnel in the working environment. Point-of-operation safeguarding is the single most important factor in the elimination of point-of-operation injuries.
25、 A production system consists of the cold headers and cold formers as one component, feeding methods (including part or scrap removal) as a second component, and the third component, point-of-operation safeguarding. The vital third component, point-of-operation safeguarding, can be evaluated for eff
26、ectiveness only after the first two components and operator involvement is known. Since this information is known and controlled by the user, the responsibility for compliance with clause 6 has been assigned accordingly. The safeguarding of cold headers and cold formers is complicated by the wide va
27、riety of operations and operating conditions, the variations in size, speed, and type of cold header/cold former used; the size and kind of pieces to be worked; the required accuracy of the finished work; the skill of operators; the length of run; and the method of material feeding and part and scra
28、p removal. Because of these varying factors in the operations and in the workplace, a wide variety of point-of-operation safeguarding methods (guards and devices) has been covered in this standard. The words “safe“ and “safety“ are not absolutes. Safety is an attitude. While the goal of this standar
29、d is to eliminate injuries, it is recognized that risk factors cannot be practically reduced to zero in any human activity. This standard is not intended to replace good judgment and personal responsibility. Operator skill, attitude, training, job monotony, fatigue and experience are safety factors
30、that must be considered by the user. To aid all parties concerned in complying with the requirements of this standard, explanatory information has been placed in the right column, adjacent to the applicable requirements. Inquiries with respect to the application or the substantive requirements of th
31、is standard and suggestions for its improvement are welcomed, and should be sent to the AMT - The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, Virginia 22102-4269, Attention: Safety Department. This standard was revised by the B11.7 Subcommittee, processed and administered
32、by the AMT, as Secretariat, and approved by the B11 Parent Voting Committee for submittal to ANSI as an American National Standard in accordance with requirements of the ANSI Accredited B11 Operating Procedures. Subsequent to an annual interest survey conducted by the Secretariat, the organizations
33、listed below have registered a voting interest on this standard. Their listing does not necessarily imply that all organizations voted for its approval. At the time of ballot, the following representatives registered a vote on behalf of their organization. Suggestions for improvement of this standar
34、d will be welcome. They should be sent to The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 22102 - Attention: B11 Secretariat. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Accredited Standards Committee on Safety Standards for Machine Tools. Commi
35、ttee approval of this standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the B11 Committee had the following members: Theodore M. Wire, Chairman Charles A. Carlsson, Secretary AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.71995 v Organizati
36、on Represented Name of Representative Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. Gerald Lancour Alliance of American Insurers John W. Russell American Boiler Manufacturers Association Thomas A. Saari Russell N. Mosher (Alt.) American Insurance Services Group Henry S. Pankiw American Society o
37、f Safety Engineers Theodore M. Wire Alfred B. Auerhaan (Alt.) Can Manufacturing Institute O.L. Campbell Computer no deviation is permitted. The term “SHOULD” denotes a recommendation, a practice or condition among several alternatives, or a preferred method or course of action. Similarly, the term “
38、CAN” denotes a possibility, ability or capability, whether physical or causal, and the term “MAY” denotes a permissible course of action within the limits of the standard. B11 conventions: Operating rules (safe practices) are not included in either column of this standard unless they are of such nat
39、ure as to be vital safety requirements, equal in weight to other requirements, or guides to assist in compliance with the standard. The B11 standards do not use the term “and/or” but instead, the term “OR” is used as an inclusive disjunction, meaning one or the other or both. A distinction between t
40、he terms “individual” and “personnel” is drawn. Individual includes personnel (employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other contract workers under the indirect control of the supplier or user) but also encompasses persons who are not under the direct or indirect control of the supplier or user (
41、e.g., visitors, vendors, etc.). Gauge refers to a measuring or testing instrument; gage refers to limiting device (e.g., backgage). Figures 1-14 included in this standard are provided to aid in its understanding. As such, they are to be considered to be examples and not as part of the requirements. Annex A is for informatin purposes only. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to AMT-The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 22102 - Attention: B11 Secretariat.
