ANSI HI HYDRAUL HI 2.3-2013 Rotodynamic Vertical Pumps of Radial Mixed and Axial Flow Types for Design and Application (B106).pdf

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1、6 Campus DriveFirst Floor NorthParsippany, New Jersey07054-4406 www.Pumps.org ANSI/HI2.3-2013ANSI/HI 2.3-2013American National Standard forRotodynamic Vertical Pumps of Radial, Mixed, and Axial Flow Typesfor Design and ApplicationThis page intentionally blank.ANSI/HI 2.3-2013American National Standa

2、rd forRotodynamic Vertical Pumps of Radial,Mixed, and Axial Flow Typesfor Design and ApplicationSponsorHydraulic Institute www.Pumps.org Approved December 19, 2013American National Standards Institute, Inc.Hydraulic Institute Standards, Copyright 1997-2014, All Rights ReservedApproval of an American

3、 National Standard requires verification by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus and other criteria for approval have been metby the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board of StandardsReview, substantial agreement has been reached by dir

4、ectly and materially affectedinterests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not nec-essarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered,and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution.The use of American National Standards is c

5、ompletely voluntary; their existence doesnot in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not,from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or proce-dures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop

6、 standards and will in nocircumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, noperson shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an AmericanNational Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requestsfor interpretations shoul

7、d be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose nameappears on the title page of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn atany time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require thataction be taken periodically to reaffirm,

8、revise, or withdraw this standard. Buyers ofAmerican National Standards may receive current information on all standards by call-ing or writing the American National Standards Institute.Published ByHydraulic Institute6 Campus Drive, First Floor NorthParsippany, NJ 07054-4406www.Pumps.org Copyright 2

9、013 Hydraulic InstituteAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaISBN 978-1-935762-17-1AmericanNationalStandardRecycledpaperHy

10、draulic Institute Standards, Copyright 1997-2014, All Rights ReservediiiContentsPageForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii2.3 Design and application . . . . . . . . .

11、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3.1.1 Preferred units for pump appl

12、ications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3.1.2 Specific speed and suction specific speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3.1.3 Introduction to pump classifications . . . . . . .

13、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3.2 Impeller types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3.3 Mechanical features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3.3.1 Radial thrust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3.3.2 Axial thrust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3.3.3 Shafting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.3.3.4 Open line shaft and enclosed line shaft . .

16、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.3.3.5 Types of bearing bushings and spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.3.3.6 Lubrication systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.3.3.7 Shaft seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.3.3.8 Nozzle loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.3.3.9 System piping and foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.3.3.10 Structural natural frequencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.3.3.11 Motor/Driver interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272.3.4 Pump performance, selection criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.3.4.1 Pumping system requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.3.4.2 Pump versus system curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.3.4.3 System pressure limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.3.4.4 Reverse runaway speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、 . . . . . . . . 322.3.4.5 Water (hydraulic) hammer analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.3.4.6 Start-up and shut-down analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.

23、3.4.7 Pump and motor speed torque curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.3.4.8 Predicting pump performance after speed of rotation or impeller diameter change . . . . . . . . . . . 372.3.4.9 Determining operating range, series and paralle

24、l operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.3.4.10 Range of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.3.4.11 Continuous, intermittent, and cyclic service . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.3.4.12 Operation away from BEP flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412.3.4.13 Intake design and submergence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422.3.4.14 Suction piping and cans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422.3.4.15 Net positive suction head available (NPSHA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、. . . . . . . . . . 432.3.4.16 NPSHA corrections for temperature and elevation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452.3.4.17 NPSH margin considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462.3.4.

28、18 NPSH requirements for pumps handling hydrocarbon liquids and water at elevated temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472.3.4.19 Effects of handling viscous liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502.3.4.20 Losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502.3.5 Sound levels (dBA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Appendix A Pump classification and general application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52A.1 Introduction to pump classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、 . . . . . . . . . . . 52A.2 Two-phase flow: Liquids with gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52A.3 Effect of gas on performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52A

32、.4 Vertical pumps used as hydraulic turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55A.5 Rotative speed considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Hydraulic Institute Standards,

33、Copyright 1997-2014, All Rights ReservedivAppendix B Other configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62B.1 Introduction to Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62B.2 Sump pumps - introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Appendix C Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78C.1 Corrosion and erosion in vertical turbine pumps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78C.2 Protective coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、. . . 80C.3 Materials for rotodynamic vertical pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80Appendix D Motors/Drivers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81D.1 I

37、ntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81D.2 Driver types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81D.3

38、Electric motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83D.4 Variable-speed drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94D.5 Gears .

39、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94D.6 Deceleration devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Appendix E Bibli

40、ography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Appendix F Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

41、8Figures2.3.1a Included rotodynamic vertical pump types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3.1b Rotodynamic vertical pump types included in Appendix B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3.2a Enclos

42、ed impeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3.2b Semi-open impeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43、 . 62.3.2c Axial flow impeller (propeller) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3.2d Double suction impeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44、 . . . . . . . 62.3.2e Inducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3.3.2.3a Enclosed impeller plain top shroud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.3.3.2.3b Semi-open impeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.3.3.2.3c Enclosed impeller with back ring and balance holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46、. . . . . . . . . . 92.3.3.2.3.1a Enclosed end of shaft at suction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.3.3.2.3.1b Shaft sleeve through packing or mechanical seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47、. . 112.3.3.2.3.1c Shaft sleeve through pressure breakdown bushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.3.3.2.5 Experimental thrust coefficient C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.3.3.2.7 Axi

48、al thrust versus rate of flow curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.3.3.4a Open line-shaft, product-lubricated, vertical turbine pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172.3.3.4b Enclosed line-shaft,

49、 oil-lubricated, vertical turbine pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172.3.3.4c Open line shaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.3.3.4d Enclosed line shaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.3.3.7.1a Mechanical seal classification by arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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