1、 IEEE Std C57.124-1991(R2002)Reconized as anAmerican National Standard (ANSI)IEEE Recommended Practice for the Detection of Partial Discharge and the Measurement of Apparent Charge in Dry-Type TransformersSponsorTransformers Committeeof theIEEE Power Engineering SocietyApproved June 27, 1991Reaffirm
2、ed June 12, 2002Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersApproved October 11, 1991Reaffirmed September 19, 1996American National Standards InstituteAbstract: IEEE Std C57.124-1991 covers the detection of partial discharges occurring in the insulation ofdry-type transformers of their componen
3、ts and the measurement of the associated apparent charge at theterminals when alternating test voltage is applied. The wideband method is used. The detection system andcalibrator characteristics are described, and the test procedure is established.Keywords: Apparent charge, corona, cost coil transfo
4、rmers, dry-type transformers, partial discharge,ventilated dry-type transformersThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USACopyright 1992 byThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 1992
5、Printed in the United States of AmericaISBN 1-55937-159-5No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without theprior written permission of the publisher.iiIEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEE
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15、rties adopting the standardsdocuments.iiiForeword(This foreword is not a part of IEEE Std C57.124-1991, IEEE Recommended Practice for the Detection of Partial Discharge and theMeasurement of Apparent Charge in Dry-Type Transformers.)This recommended practice for measuring partial discharge of dry-ty
16、pe transformers was conceived for the purpose ofestablishing a standardized method for conducting partial discharge tests of dry-type transformers. The results of thetests may be compared with various transformer designs and manufacturers to establish a partial discharge limit fordry-type transforme
17、rs.This recommended practice follows the format of IEEE Std 454, IEEE Recommended Practice for the Detection andMeasurement of Partial Discharge (Corona) During Dielectric Tests, and IEEE Std C57.113, IEEE Guide for PartialDischarge Measurement in Liquid-Filled Power Transformers and Shunt Reactors.
18、 Sections on current detection werepurposely omitted, as this technique is normally not used for dry-type transformers.There is no recognized definition of “partial discharge-free“”when referring to partial discharge inception voltage orextinction voltage. An arbitrary sensitivity of 10 pC is sugges
19、ted until such time as a more definitive standard isestablished.Various specifications are already written specifying partial discharge-free transformers from 1.1 p.u. operatingvoltage to 2.0 p.u. operating voltage. It is the intent of this recommended practice to encourage manufacturers of dry-type
20、 transformers and users of dry-type transformers to investigate and report the results of factory tests and fieldexperience of partial discharge in dry-type transformers. It is recognized that Paschens Law applies to the partialdischarge intensity and extinction voltage of dry-type transformers. It
21、is conceivable that a dry-type transformer wouldtest partial discharge-free at 1.65 p.u. voltage at room temperature and be barely partial discharge-free at operatingtemperature for a Class 220C. system. This correlation should be verified with field experience and reported.The guide specifies no pa
22、rticular discharge testing instruments and systems. Several commercially available units arebeing used. A measuring system of discreet components readily available has been used for measuring partialdischarge. Most manufacturers laboratories have partial discharge-free HV test sets and oscilloscopes
23、. The onlyadditional components required to complete the detection circuit are a partial discharge-free coupling capacitorcomposed of two 60 kV, .002 mfd capacitors in series, and an inductance composed of a coil of magnet wire.Calibration is accomplished using a calibrated square wave generator and
24、 a calibrated coupling capacitor of .0001 mfd.The following two test procedures are proposed:1) To test partial discharge between the coil and ground, normally accomplished during the applied voltage test.2) The test procedure takes place during the induced voltage test to detect partial discharge w
25、ithin a coil. It issuggested that partial discharge measurements be made in both modes. The partial discharge measurementmay be made during the normal sequence of tests, while the applied and induced voltage tests are being made.An alternative sequence is to conduct the partial discharge test immedi
26、ately following the applied voltage testand induced voltage test.The high-voltage bus bars of high-voltage transformers sometimes cause nondestructive partial discharge. This partialdischarge in no way affects the reliability of the transformer coils. It may be necessary to disconnect the bus bar fr
27、omthe coils before conducting the partial discharge test on only the coils in order to test for partial discharge in thetransformer coils. A note should be added to any test reports stating that the bus bar was removed for the test.ivAt the time this document was submitted to the Standards Board, th
28、e Working Group on Recommended Practice forthe Detection of Partial Discharges and the Measurement of Apparent Charge in Dry-Type Transformers had thefollowing members:A.D. Kline, (Chairman)B. F. AllenRoy BancroftD. A. BarnardA. BimbirisM. CambreO. R. ComptonJ. FrankE. GearhartR. HayesR. H. Holliste
29、rJ. W. HuppA.M. IversenA. J. JonnattiS. P. KennedyE. KoenigM. L. ManningR. A. MarekM. I. MitelmanJ. J. NayW. F. PattersonR. L. ProvostJ. RoddenV. ThenappanR. E. Uptegraff, Jr.G. H. VaillancourtH. J. WindischThe following persons were on the balloting committee that approved this document for submiss
30、ion to the IEEEStandards Board:E. J. AdolphsenL. C. AicherD. J. AllanB. AllenR. AllustriartiM. S. AltmanJ. C. ArnoldJ. AubinR. BancroftD. BarnardD. L. BaselP. L. BellaschiS. BennonW. B. BinderJ. V. BonucchiJ. D. BorstC. V. BrownO. R. ComptonF. W. CookJ. L. CorkranD. W. CroftsJ. N. DavisD. J. Douglas
31、R. F. DudleyJ. C. DuttonJ. K. EasleyJ. A. EbertD. J. FallonF. L. FosterM. FrydmanH. E. GabelR. E. GearhartD. W. GerlachD. A. GilliesR. S. GirgisR. L. GrubbF. J. GryszkiewiczG. HallJ. H. HarlowF. W. HeinrichsW. R. HenningD. R. HightonP. J. HoeflerC. HoeselR. H. HollisterC. C. HoneyE. HowellsC. HurryG
32、. W. IliffY. P. IijimaR. G. JacobsenD.C. JohnsonD. L. JohnsonA. J. JonnattiC. P. KappelerR. B. KaufmanJ. J. KellyW. N. KennedyJ.P. KinneyB. KlaponskiA.D. KlineE. KoenigJ. G. LackeyR. E. LeeH.F. LightS.R. LindgrenL.W. LongL. A. LowdermilkR. I. LoweM. L. ManningH. B. MargolisT. MassoudaJ. W. MatthewsJ
33、. McGillC. J. McMillenW. J. McNuttS. P. MehtaC. K. MillerC. H. MillianR. E. MinkwitzM. MitelmanH. R. MooreW. E. MorehartR. J. MuselW. H. MutschlerE. T. NortonR. A. OlssonB. K. PatelW. F. PattersonH. A. PearceD. PercoL. W. PierceJ. M. PollittC. P. RaymondC. A. RobbinsL. J. SavioW. E. SaxonD. N, Sharm
34、aV. ShenoyW. W. SteinL. R. StenslandD. SundinL. A. SwensonD. S. TakachV. ThenappanvR. C. ThomasJ. A. ThompsonT. P. TraubD. E. TruaxW. B. UhlR. E. Uptegraff, Jr.G. H. VaillancourtA. VeitchL. B. WagenaarR. J. WheartyA. L. WilksW. E. WrennA. C. WurdackE. J. YasudaAt the time this recommended practice w
35、as published, it was under consideration for approval as an AmericanNational Standard. The Accredited Standards Committee on Transformers, Regulators, and Reactors, C57, had thefollowing members at the time this document was sent to letter ballot:Leo J. Savio, Chair John A. Gauthier, Secretary Organ
36、ization Represented.Name of RepresentativeElectric Light and Power Group .P.E. OrehekS. M. A. RizviF. StevensJ. SullivanJ. C. ThompsonM.C. Mingoia (Alt.)Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers J. D. BorstJ. DavisJ. H. HarlowL. SavioH. D. SmithR. A. VeitchNational Electrical Manufacturers A
37、ssociation G. D. CoulterP. DeweverJ. D. DouglasA. A. GhafourianK. R. LinsleyR. L. PlasterH. RobinR. E. Uptegraff, Jr.P. J. Hopkinson (Alt.)J. Nay (Alt.)Tennessee Valley Authority. F. A. LewisUnderwriters Laboratories, Inc . W. T. OGradyUS Department of Agriculture, REA J. BohlkUS Department of Energ
38、y, Western Area Power Administration . D. R. TorgersonUS Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation F. W. Cook, Sr.US Department of the Navy, Civil Engineering Carps .H. P. StickleyviWhen the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on June 27, 1991, it had the following membership:Marco W
39、. Migliaro, Chair Donald C. Loughry, Vice Chair Andrew G. Salem, Secretary Dennis BodsonPaul L. BorrillClyde CampJames M. DalyDonald C. FleckensteinJay Forster*David F. FranklinIngrid FrommThomas L. HannanDonald N. HeirmanKenneth D. HendrixJohn W. HorchBen C. JohnsonIvor N. KnightJoseph Koepfinger*I
40、rving KolodnyMichael A. LawlerJohn E. May, Jr.Lawrence V. McCAllT. Don Michael*Stig L. Nilsson John L. RankineRonald H. ReimerGary S. RobinsonTerrance R. Whittemore*Member EmeritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE Standards Board liaisons:Fernando AldanaSatish K. AggarwalJames Beall Ric
41、hard B. EngelmanStanley WarshawDeborah A. Czyz IEEE Standards Project EditorviiCLAUSE PAGE1. Scope.12. Purpose13. References.14. Definitions.25. Partial Discharge Detection System35.1 High-Voltage Coupling Circuit 35.2 Measuring Impedance Unit (Zm) 45.3 Filter Characteristics 55.4 Display Unit . 55.
42、5 Discharge Meter. 65.6 Basic Sensitivity. 65.7 Partial Discharge Detector Basic Sensitivity Test . 66. Calibrator Characteristics66.1 Calibrating Capacitor Value (Cq). 76.2 Pulse Generator Rise Time and Decay Time . 76.3 Pulse Generator Amplitude (Uo) 76.4 Pulse Generator Output Impedance (Zo) 76.5
43、 Calibrator Output Level Adjustment 76.6 Pulse Generator Frequency 77. Tests 77.1 General Requirements 77.2 Conditioning. 87.3 Requirements for the Test Voltage 87.4 Transformer Connections. 87.5 Significance of Various Test Connections. 87.6 Choice of Test Procedure. 97.7 Disturbances. 108. Bibliog
44、raphy18Annex (informative) Partial Discharge Recognition 24Copyright 1992 IEEE All Rights Reserved 1IEEE Recommended Practice for the Detection and the Measurement of Partial Discharge in Dry-Type Transformers1. ScopeThis recommended practice applies to the detection of partial discharges occurring
45、in the insulation of dry-typetransformers or their components, and to the measurement of the associated apparent charge at the terminals when analternating test voltage is applied.2. PurposePartial discharge measurements in dry-type transformers may preferably be made on the basis of measurement of
46、theapparent charge. Relevant measuring systems are classified as narrow-band or wide-band systems. Both systems arerecognized and widely used. Without giving preference to one or the other, it is the object of this document to describethe wide-band method. General principles of partial discharge mea
47、surements, including the narrow-band method, arecovered in IEEE Std 454-19731 82, IEC 270 (1981) 63and IEC 76-3 (1980) 5.3. ReferencesThe following publications should be used in conjunction with this document. When the standards referred to in thisguide are superseded by a new revision approved by
48、the relevant standards authority, the latest revision should apply.1 ANSI C68.1-1968, Standard for Measurement of Voltage In Dielectric Tests.4 1This standard has been withdrawn, however, copies are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Service Center,445 Hoes L
49、ane, Piscataway, N.J. 08855, U.S.A.2The numbers in brackets refer to those listed in Section 4.3IEC publications are available from IEC Sales Department, Case Postale 131, 3 rue de Varemb, CH 1211, Genve 20, Switzerland/Suisse. IECpublications are also available in the United States from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036, USA.4ANSI publications are available from the American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.2 Copyright 1992 IEEE All Rights Rese
