1、American National StandardDeveloped byfor Information Technology Card Durability Test MethodsINCITS 322-2015INCITS 322-2015INCITS 322-2015Revision ofINCITS 322-2008American National Standardfor Information Technology Card Durability Test MethodsSecretariatInformation Technology Industry CouncilAppro
2、ved October 16, 2015American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of
3、 the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted eff
4、ort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conformin
5、g to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of
6、 the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American Nationa
7、l StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished b
8、yAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2015 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI)All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permiss
9、ion of ITI, 1101 K Street NW, Suite 610, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in the United States of AmericaCAUTION: The developers of this standard have requested that holders of patents that may berequired for the implementation of the standard disclose such patents to the publisher. However,neither the
10、 developers nor the publisher have undertaken a patent search in order to identifywhich, if any, patents may apply to this standard. As of the date of publication of this standardand following calls for the identification of patents that may be required for the implementation ofthe standard, no such
11、 claims have been made. No further patent search is conducted by the de-veloper or publisher in respect to any standard it processes. No representation is made or impliedthat licenses are not required to avoid infringement in the use of this standard.i Contents Page Foreword .iii 1 Scope . 1 2 Norma
12、tive References . 1 3 Default Test Environment and Conditioning . 3 4 Definitions . 4 5 Test Methods . 5 5.1 Peel Strength - 90 peel angle . 5 5.2 Adhesion Crosshatch Tape Test 9 5.3 ID-1 Card Flexure . 12 5.4 ID-1 Card Static Stress 16 5.5 ID-1 Card Stress and Plasticizer Exposure . 19 5.6 Impact R
13、esistance 21 5.7 Elevated Temperature Colorimetry Part 4: CIE 1976 L*a*b* Colour space15.15 ISO 3274:1996 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Surface 5.6 texture: Profile method Nominal characteristics of contact (stylus) Instruments1ISO 4892-2:2013 Plastics Method of exposure to laboratory lig
14、ht 5.15 sources Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps1ISO 8780-2:1990 Pigments and extenders Methods of dispersion for 5.20 assessment of dispersion characteristics Part 2: Dispersion using an oscillatory shaking machine1ISO/IEC 15416:2000 Information technology Automatic identification 5.9, 5.13 and data capture
15、 techniques Bar code print quality test specification Linear symbols12Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. 3Available from CIE Central Bureau, Babenbergerstrasse 9/9A. 1010 Vienna, Austria. INCITS 322-2015 3 3 DEFAULT TEST CONDITIONS and TOLERANCES Unless oth
16、erwise specified, the environment for the test specified within this Test Method Standard shall be 23C 3C (73F 5F) and 40% to 60% relative humidity. Condition test cards at the designated temperature and humidity for a period of 24 hours before testing. Cards shall be free of any contamination that
17、could affect test results. Examples include, but are not limited to finger oils, rubber band residue and particles from card processing. Unless otherwise specified, a default tolerance of + 5% shall be applied to the quantity values given to specify the characteristics of the test equipment (e.g. li
18、near dimensions) and the test method procedures (e.g., test equipment adjustment). INCITS 322-2015 4 4 DEFINITIONS 4.1 Overlay film (a.k.a. - laminating film): A film (typically clear) used to make the outer surfaces of cards. 4.2 Heat transfer film (a.k.a. - heat transfer foil): A thin resinous lay
19、er transferred from a carrier (typically polyester) by thermal means. 4.3 Flexure: The cyclical bending of the card. 4.4 Core film layers: Internal structural layers which constitute the core stock. 4.5 ID-1 Card: The size of a card specified in ANSI/ISO/IEC 7810. 4.6 Card structure: The composite o
20、f all the components of any identification card including but not limited to: plastic polymers adhesives inks and coatings dye diffusion thermal transfer media recording media (magnetic, IC, optical etc.) security feature components protective foils laminates 4.7 Degradation: Unfavorable loss of car
21、d properties including, but not limited to fading, discoloration and breakdown of physical properties. 4.8 Card printed information: Constitutes both fixed print graphics/text (typically by a printing ink process) and variable imaging graphics/text (typically by dye diffusion, resin thermal transfer
22、 technology, etc.). 4.9 Card orientation: The two orientations of the card shall be referred to as Axis A and Axis B as shown in Figure 11. 4.10 Card fracture: A crack or break in the card where the depth appears to be at least 1/3 of the card thickness. INCITS 322-2015 5 5 TEST METHODS 5.1 Peel Str
23、ength - 90 peel angle 5.1.1 Significance and Use This test method can be used to determine the bond strength between layers of a card. Bond strength between card layers is a function of fabrication process conditions and construction materials. 5.1.2 Apparatus Sharp cutting instrument Pressure sensi
24、tive adhesive filament (fiber reinforced) tape or suitable clamp Tensile tester with suitable chart recorder or equivalent Gripping device Alignment plate (flat rigid plate): 51 mm x 86 mm x 3,2 mm thick (2.0 in x 3.375 in x 0.125 in thick) Double-sided pressure sensitive adhesive tape Film thicknes
25、s gauge 0.01 mm (0.0005 in) resolution 5.1.3 Procedure Cut or score through the layer of the card into test width section(s), as shown in Figure 1. Where possible, choose a section with ink coverage or other areas of potentially weak bond strength. If initial separation of layers is not possible, th
26、e peel test shall be attempted from the opposite direction. If separation is not possible from both directions, report the result as inability to separate layers. Measure the test strip width to 0,1 mm (0.004 inch) accuracy. NOTES 1) It is acceptable to construct the test card with the means to easi
27、ly prepare the test card for the peel strength test. 2) The number of 10 mm (0.4 inch) test strips can be up to four and located anywhere on the card surface. 3) The adhesive strength between the filament tape and the layer being peeled must be greater than the bond strength of the layers being sepa
28、rated. 4) It is acceptable to cut through the card in order to insure that the layer of interest has been separated from the card structure. Affix the test sample to the alignment plate by means of double-sided pressure sensitive adhesive tape or other means. The adhesive strength between the test s
29、ample and the alignment plate shall be greater than bond strength between the card layers. Apply the clamp or filament tape to the peeled back edge of one layer as shown in Figure 2. Place the prepared card in the tensile tester fixture as shown in Figure 5. Operate the tensile tester according to t
30、he manufacturers instructions at 300 mm/minute (11.8 inches/minute) to determine the peel strength in Newtons per millimeter (pounds force per inch). Record the peel minimum peel strength for all sections of the peel: Exclude the first 5 mm (0.2 inches) and any features less than 0,5 mm (0.02 inches
31、) in length (spikes) from consideration. Record the minimum peel strength(s) for the section tested If a test strip starts tearing within the 5 mm (0.2 inches) exclusion area (see above), then the peel test shall be attempted from the opposite direction. If film tears occur from both directions, rep
32、ort the result as film tear. If a test strip tears after the 5 mm (0.2 inches) exclusion area, record the minimum peel strength(s) as per above in the areas before the tearing started, along with the location of the card where the tear started. Record the thickness of the material peeled off the car
33、d. INCITS 322-2015 6 NOTE: Divide the force measurement by the width of the sample peeled to determine the peel strength in Newtons per millimeter (pounds force per inch). Test width strips10 0,5 mm (0.4 0.02 inch )Figure 1 - Card preparation Figure 2 - Card preparation for peel test Figure 3 - Exam
34、ple of peel strength chart recording greater than 1 mm Measurement Area Measured value 5 mm “spike example“ Layer being pulled Test sample peeled back edge 10 mm (0.4 inch) Apply clamp or Pressure sensitive adhesive filament tape loop INCITS 322-2015 7 Figure 4 - Example of peel strength chart recor
35、ding Figure 5 - Card mounted in tensile tester 5.1.4 Test Report The test report shall give the location of test strip along with the measured values, sizes and positions of peel strengths for the test in N/mm (lbf/in). Report the thickness of the film removed from the card. Report any inability to
36、separate the layers or film tears. Report the sample cutting technique and any other observations. 5.1.5 Precision and Bias 5.1.5.1 Interlaboratory Test Program An interlaboratory study of Delamination 90 was run in 2005. Twelve sets of samples were run by three different laboratories. 5.1.5.1.1 Tes
37、t Results The precision information given below in the units of measurement (lbf/in) is for the comparison of twelve test results, each of which is the average of three test determinations. Measured Value of feature Measurement area 5 mm Measured Value outside feature Gripper Remainder of card Align
38、ment Plate Double-sided Adhesive tape Adhesive filament tape loop F 10 mm (0.39 in) diameter rollers 1 mm (0.039 in) gap between rollers Layer INCITS 322-2015 8 5.1.5.1.2 Precision The above terms (repeatability limit and reproducibility limit) are used as specified in ASTM Practice E177-04e1. The r
39、espective standard deviations among test results may be obtained by dividing the values in the 95% confidence interval column by 1.96 or by dividing the values in the 99% confidence interval column by 2.57. 5.1.5.2 Intralaboratory Test Program An intralaboratory study of Delamination 90 was run in 2
40、005. Twelve sets of samples were run by four different appraisers in the same laboratory. 5.1.5.2.1 Test Results The precision information given below in the units of measurement (lbf/in) is for the comparison of twelve test results, each of which is the average of three test determinations. 5.1.5.2
41、.2 Precision 95% confidence interval (lbf/in) 99% confidence interval (lbf/in) Repeatability limit (within appraisal) 0.24 0.32 Reproducibility limit (among appraisers) 0.07 0.09 Test Measurement Tolerance (overall laboratory) 0.25 0.33 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproducibility limit)
42、 are used as specified in ASTM Practice E177-04e1. The respective standard deviations among test results may be obtained by dividing the values in the 95% confidence interval column by 1.96 or by dividing the values in the 99% confidence interval column by 2.57. 5.1.5.3 Bias No statement of bias can
43、 be made for this test method because there is no accepted reference material or absolute test method for use as a comparison basis. 95% confidence interval (lbf/in) 99% confidence interval (lbf/in) Repeatability limit (within laboratory) 0.32 0.42 Reproducibility limit (among laboratories) 0.62 0.8
44、1 Test Measurement Tolerance (overall) 0.70 0.92 INCITS 322-2015 9 5.2 Adhesion Crosshatch Tape Test The primary purpose of this test is to evaluate adhesion of heat transfer films on ID cards. The heat transfer film may be applied by thermal print head, heated roller or hot stamp die. This test may
45、 be used to establish how much heat transfer film is removed from the card substrate with the specified pressure sensitive tape. 5.2.1 Significance and Use This test method may be used to determine the relative adhesion between the applied heat transfer film layers and the base card. Relative adhesi
46、on of the heat transfer film layer is a function of heat transfer process conditions, the film itself and/or the base cards surface finish, surface contamination etc. 5.2.2 Apparatus Cutting tool Sharp razor blade or cutting device having a cutting edge angle between 15 and 30 that will either make
47、a single cut or several parallel cuts at the same time, spaced 2 mm (0.079 in) apart. The cutting edge needs to be in good condition. (A cross cutting tool with six cutting edges 2 mm (0.079 in) apart is recommended. The cross cutting tool allows for six parallel cuts in one stroke, improving the co
48、nsistency of the cuts.) Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) Tape 3M Scotch Tape #600 or equivalent, 25 mm (1 inch) wide Cleaning brush Burnishing tool Chartpak #340 or equivalent 5.2.3 Procedure Secure the card to be tested on a firm surface. Make cuts through the heat transfer film to the substrate i
49、n one steady motion. If cuts are to be made singularly, space six cuts 2 mm (0.079 in) apart about 20 mm (0.79 inches) long. Make a second set of cuts intersecting the first set at 90. Clean the cut surface (crosshatch) with the soft brush or tissue to remove flakes and other debris. Inspect the crosshatch area for corner tearing or other material removal. Note any corner tearing. Cut a piece of the pressure-sensitive tape about 80 mm (3 inches) long and place over the grid of cuts on the heat transfer film. Ensure good and
