1、An AmericAn nAtionAl StAndArdNECA 169-2010Standard fornullnullnullult Cirnullit nullterrunullers nullnullnullnulland nullound-nullult Cirnullit nullterrunullers nullnullnullnullnullnullished nullnulltional nullenullrinulll Contranullors nullsonullationTStandardforInstallingandMaintainingArc-FaultCir
2、cuitInterrupters(AFCIs)andGround-FaultCircuitInterrupters(GFCIs)NECA 169-2010An AmericanNational StandardPublishedbyNationalElectricalContractorsAssociationiii a73Foreword .v1. Scope 11.1 ProductsandApplicationsIncluded 11.2 ProductsandApplicationsExcluded11.3 RegulatoryandOtherRequirements .12. Def
3、initions 23. NEC Requirements for AFCIs and GFCIs 43.1 AFCIRequirementsinthe2008NationalElectricalCode 43.2 GFCIRequirementsinthe2008NationalElectricalCode 54. Installing AFCIs and GFCIs .84.1 General .84.2 ElectricalSafety 94.3 InstallingCircuitBreaker-TypeAFCIsandGFCIsinaDe-EnergizedPanelboard 94.
4、4 InstallingCircuitBreaker-TypeAFCIsandGFCIsinanEnergizedPanelboard .104.5 InstallingGFCIReceptacles .105. Testing AFCIs and GFCIs 125.1 General .125.2 TestingAFCIandGFCICircuitBreakers .125.3 TestingGFCIReceptacles 13Annex A: Troubleshooting AFCIs, GFCIs, Fixed Wiring and Appliances 14A1 Troublesho
5、otingGFCIs .14A2 TroubleshootingAFCIs14A3 TroubleshootingAFCIsusingGFCIs 15A4 TroubleshootingFixedWiringandAppliances15Annex B: Reference Standards .17Table of Contentsv a73NationalElectricalInstallationStandardsareintend-edtoimprovecommunicationamongspecifiers,pur-chasers,andsuppliersofelectricalco
6、nstructionser-vices. Theydefineaminimumbaselineofqualityandworkmanshipforinstallingelectricalproductsandsystems. NEISareintendedtobereferencedincontractdocumentsforelectricalconstructionpro-jects.Thefollowinglanguageisrecommended:Arc-FaultCircuitInterrupters(AFCIs)andGround-FaultCircuitInterrupters(
7、GFCIs)shouldbeinstalledandmaintainedinaccor-dancewithNECA169-2010,StandardforInstallingandMaintainingArc-FaultCircuitInterrupters(AFCIs)andGround-FaultCircuitInterrupters(GFCIs)(ANSI).UseofNEISisvoluntary,andtheNationalElectricalContractorsAssociationassumesnoobligationorlia-bilitytousersofthispubli
8、cation. Existenceofastandardshallnotprecludeanymemberornon-memberofNECAfromspecifyingorusingalternateconstructionmethodspermittedbyapplicableregu-lations.Thispublicationisintendedtocomplywiththeedi-tionoftheNationalElectricalCode(NEC)ineffectatthetimeofpublication. Becausetheyarequalitystandards,NEI
9、SmayinsomeinstancesgobeyondtheminimumrequirementsoftheNEC. Itistheresponsibilityofusersofthispublicationtocomplywithstateandlocalelectricalcodeswheninstallingelectricalproductsandsystems.Suggestionsforrevisionsandimprovementstothisstandardarewelcome. Theyshouldbeaddressedto:NECAStandards&Safety3Beth
10、esdaMetroCenter,Suite1100Bethesda,MD 20814(301)215-4521Telephone(301)215-4500Faxwww.neca-neis.orgneisnecanet.orgTopurchaseNationalElectricalInstallationStandards,contacttheNECAOrderDeskat(301)215-4504tel,(301)215-4500fax,ororderdesknecanet.org. NEIScanalsobepurchasedin.pdfdownloadformatfromwww.neca-
11、neis.org/standards.Copyright2010,NationalElectricalContractorsAssociation. Allrightsreserved. Unauthorizedreproductionprohibited.NationalElectricalInstallationStandards,NEIS,andtheNEISlogoaretrademarksoftheNationalElectricalContractorsAssociation. NationalElectricalCodeandNECaretrademarksoftheNation
12、alFireProtectionAssociation,Quincy,Massachusetts.CoverphotobyNECA.Foreword(Thisforewordisnotapartofthestandard)1 a73Thisstandarddescribestheinstallationandmainte-nanceproceduresforArc-FaultCircuitInterrupters(AFCIs)andGround-FaultCircuitInterrupters(GFCIs).1.1ApplicationsIncludedThisstandardcoversth
13、einstallationandmainte-nanceofArc-FaultCircuitInterrupters,AFCIs,andGround-FaultCircuitInterrupters,GFCIs,perma-nentlyinstalledonbuildingpremiseswiringsystemsforresidential,commercial,andindustrialapplica-tions.Itappliesto:a)CombinationTypeAFCIsfornewinstallationsb)Branch/FeederTypeAFCIsonlyforrepla
14、cementpurposesinexistinginstallationsc)GFCIsforneworexistinginstallations1.2ApplicationsExcludedThisstandarddoesnotcoverolderdesignsofGFCIs,orGFCIsdesignedtobetemporarilyconnectedtopremisewiringsystems.Itdoesnotapplyto:a)Temporaryinstallationsb)PortableorcordAFCIsandGFCIsc)AFCIsandGFCIsrequiredinmob
15、ilehomes,manufacturedhomes,ormobilehomeparksd)AFCIsrequiredincord-and-plugconnectedairconditioningunits1.3RegulatoryandOtherRequirementsa) AllinformationinthispublicationisintendedtoconformtotheNationalElectricalCode(ANSI/NFPAStandard70). InstallersshouldalwaysfollowtheNEC,applicablestateandlocalcod
16、es,andmanufacturersinstructionswheninstallingandmaintainingAFCIsandGFCIs.b) Onlyqualifiedpersonsfamiliarwiththeconstruc-tionandoperationofAFCIsandGFCIsshouldper-formtheworkdescribedinthispublication.AllworkshouldbeperformedinaccordancewithNFPA70E,StandardforElectricalSafetyintheWorkplace.c) Generalr
17、equirementsforinstallingelectricalproductsandsystemsaredescribedinNECA1-2006,StandardPracticesforGoodWorkmanshipinElectricalConstruction(ANSI).OtherNationalElectricalInstallationStandardsprovideadditionalguidanceforinstallingparticulartypesofelectricalproductsandsystems. AcompletelistofNEISisprovide
18、dinAnnexB.1. Scopea73 2Arc Thedischargeofelectricityoveraninsulatingmedium,suchasair.Arc-FaultCircuit AdeviceintendedtoprovideInterrupter protectionfromtheeffectsof(AFCI) arc-faultsbyrecognizingchar-acteristicsuniquetoarcingandbyfunctioningtode-energizethecircuitwhenanarc-faultisdetected. AFCIsarera
19、ted15Aand20A,120Vand120/240V.Branch/Feeder AnAFCIthatisintendedtobe(TypeAFCI) installedattheoriginofthefeederorbranchcircuitandprovideshighcurrent“parallel“arcingprotectionoffeederandbranch-circuitwiring. Abranch/feedertypeAFCIcanbeacircuitbreaker-typeAFCIinstalledinthepanelboard,oranAFCIdeviceinsta
20、lledinitsownenclosuremountedatornearthepanelboard.CircuitBreaker- AnAFCIthatisintegratedintoTypeAFCI acircuitbreakerthatisdesignedforinstallationinapanelboard.Acircuitbreaker-typeAFCIprotectsthecircuitbydiscon-nectingthecircuitforarc-faults,overloads,andshort-circuits.CircuitBreaker- AGFCIthatisinte
21、gratedintoTypeGFCI acircuitbreakerthatisdesignedforinstallationinapanelboard.Acircuitbreaker-typeGFCIprotectsthecircuitbydiscon-nectingthecircuitforoverloadsandshort-circuits,andprotectspersonnel(perUL943)orequipment(perUL1053)bydisconnectingthecircuitforground-faultsoccurringany-whereonthecircuitdo
22、wn-streamofthedevice.Combination- AnAFCIintendedtocomplyTypeAFCI withtherequirementsforbothbranch/feedertypeAFCIsthatprotectdownstreamfeederandbranchcircuitwiring,andout-letcircuitAFCIsthatprotectcordsetsandpower-supplycords.Dead-FrontGFCI AGFCIthatisdesignedtobeinstalledinanoutletboxwith-outanyrece
23、ptaclecontactpoints. Adead-frontGFCIisintendedtoprovideground-faultprotectionofpersonnelinbranchcircuitwiringconnecteddownstreamofthedevice.2. DefinitionsGround-Fault CircuitrydesignedtoprotectCircuitInterrupter equipmentfromdamage(per(GFCI) UL1053)orpersonnelfromelectrocutionwhencontactbetweenalive
24、partofthepro-tectedcircuitandgroundcausescurrenttoflowthroughthebody(perUL943). AGFCIcontinuallymonitorstheflowofcurrentonthephaseandneu-tralconductorsanddisconnectsthecircuitwithnointentionaltimedelaywhenacurrentimbalancebetweenthephaseandneutralconductorsisequaltoorhigherthanthecalibrationpoint(4m
25、Ato6mA)flowsfromtheprotectedcircuittoground.Outlet Apointonthewiringsystematwhichcurrentistakentosupplyutilizationequipment.OutletCircuit AnAFCIthatisintegratedintoAFCI areceptaclethatisdesignedforinstallationatabranch-circuitoutlet,suchasatanoutletbox,andisintendedtoprovidepro-tectionofcordsetsandp
26、ower-supplycordsconnectedtoitagainsttheeffectsofarc-faults.AreceptacleoutletAFCImayprovidefeed-throughprotectionofthecordsetsandpower-sup-plycordsconnectedtodown-streamreceptacles.Receptacle-Type AGFCIthatisintegratedintoaGFCI receptaclethatisdesignedforinstallationatabranch-circuitoutlet,suchasatan
27、outletbox,andisintendedtoprovideground-faultprotectionofper-sonnelincordsets,power-sup-plycords,andbranchcircuitwiringconnecteddownstreamofthedevice.Standardfor InstallingandMaintainingArc-FaultCircuitInterrupters (AFCIs)and NECA 169Ground-FaultCircuitInterrupters(GFCIs)3 a733.1 AFCIRequirementsinth
28、e2008NationalElectricalCodeManyelectricalappliancesanddevicescreatearcsduringnormaloperation,suchassnapswitches,con-tactors,motorswithbrushes,etc. Unintentionalarcsorarc-faultscanleadtoelevatedtemperaturesandsparkingthatcanignitecombustiblematerialsincloseproximitytotheheating. Causesofarc-faultsinc
29、lude: Crackedconductorinsulationduetonaturalaging. Overheatedconductorsfromexposuretosun-lightorsourcesofheat. Overloadedconductors. Looseorimproperconnectionsandtermina-tions. Damagedconductorinsulationfromfastenerssuchasstaples,nails,andscrewsdrivenintotheconductor. Damagedconductorsatstresspoints
30、suchascordscaughtunderdoorsorfurniture,orobjectspushedagainstplugsinanoutlet. Faultyelectricalequipment.Concealedelectricalfirescausedbyarc-faultscanspreadrapidly,delayingdetectionbysmokealarmsandreducingthechancesofsurvival.AFCIsareintendedtoprovideprotectionfromearlydetectionofarc-faults. AFCIcirc
31、uitrydifferentiatesbetweenarcsfromnormalequipmentoperationandarc-faults.TherequirementstoinstallAFCIsinnewlycon-structeddwellingunitsdependonwhicheditionoftheNationalElectricalCodehasbeenadoptedforregulatoryuseinthatjurisdiction.3.1.1 AFCIs Requireda) Listed,combination-typeAFCIsmustbeinstalledindwe
32、llingunitstoprotecteachsingle-phase120Voltbranchcircuitrated15Aand20AthatsupplyoutletsinthefollowingroomsNEC210.12:1. Familyrooms2. Diningrooms3. Livingrooms4. Parlors5. Libraries6. Dens7. Bedrooms8. Sunrooms9. Recreationrooms10. Closets11. Hallways12. SimilarroomsorareasTocomplywithNEC210.12,outlet
33、sforreceptacles,lights,fans,windoworwallairconditioners,singleandmultiplestationsmokealarms,spaceheaters,etc,musthaveAFCIprotection.b) Branchcircuitsinguestrooms/suitesinhotels,motels,dormitories,etc.,thatareprovidedwithper-manentprovisionsforcookingmustcomplywiththerulesfordwellingunitsNEC210.18,me
34、aningthatAFCIsarerequiredinsimilarroomsandareasofguestrooms/suitesinhotels,motels,etc.c) ReceptacleoutletAFCIsdonotprotecttheentirebranchanddonotsatisfyNEC210.12requirements.3. NEC Requirements for AFCIs andGFCIsa73 43.1.2 AFCIs Not RequiredAFCIprotectionisnotrequiredbutnotprohibitedforthefollowingr
35、oomsorcircuitsindwellings:1. Single-phaseandthree-phase,208-and240-Voltbranchcircuits2. Bathroombranchcircuits3. Kitchenbranchcircuits4. Laundrybranchcircuits5. Branchcircuitsthatsupplyonlyoutletsinunfinishedareasofbasementsandattics.6. Branchcircuitsthatsupplyonlyoutletsinattachedstructuressuchasga
36、rages.7. Branchcircuitsthatsupplyonlyoutletslocat-edoutdoors.8. Attics.3.1.3 AFCIs Not PermittedAFCIprotectionisnotpermittedforbranchcircuitssupplyingpowersourcesfornon-power-limitedfirealarmcircuitsorpower-limitedfirealarmcircuitsNEC760.41(B)and760.121(B).3.1.4 AFCIs Recommendeda) AFCIsarerecommend
37、edtoprotecttwo-wirebranchcircuits,includingknob-and-tubewiring,andaluminumwiringinexistingdwellingunits.b) InjurisdictionswhereoldereditionsoftheNECarebeingenforced,orwheretheNECisnotadoptedforregulatoryuse,itisrecommendedthatAFCIpro-tectionbeinstalledinallnewlyconstructeddwellingunits,hotels,motels
38、,anddormitoriesfollowingthe2008NECrequirements.3.2 GFCIRequirementsinthe2008NationalElectricalCodeWhenoperatingproperly,thecurrentonthecurrent-carryingphaseandneutralconductorsofanygivenbranchcircuitisequal. Aground-faultoccurswhencircuitcurrentleakstoground,findinganalternatereturnpathbacktothesour
39、ce. GFCIsconstantlymonitortheleakagecurrentfromthecurrent-carry-ingconductorsanddisconnectthecircuitwithnointentionaltimedelayiftheleakagecurrentequalsorexceedsitstriprating.GFCIsarerequiredinareaswhereincreasedelectricalshockhazardsexist,suchaswherereceptacleoutletsarelocatedincloseproximityofsinks
40、,swimmingpools,spas,hottubs,andfountains,andareassuchaskitchens,bathrooms,outdoors,andgarages.3.2.1 GFCIs Requireda) DwellingUnits: GFCIprotectionforpersonnelisrequiredforall120Volt,single-phasereceptaclesrated15Aand20Alocatedinthefollowingloca-tionsNEC210.8:1. Bathrooms2. Garagesandaccessorybuildin
41、gsthathaveafloorlocatedatorbelowgradelevelnotintendedashabitableroomsandlimitedtostorageareas,workareas,andareasofsimilaruse3. Outdoors4. Crawlspacesatorbelowgradelevel5. Unfinishedbasementsorunfinishedroomswithinbasements6. Kitchenswherethereceptaclesareinstalledtoservethecountertopsurfaces7. Laund
42、ry,utility,andwetbarsinkswherethereceptaclesareinstalledwithin1.8m(6ft.)oftheoutsideedgeofthesink8. Boathousesandboathoistoutletsnotexceed-ing240voltsTheGFCIprotectionfor15Aand20AreceptaclebranchcircuitsrequiredbyNEC210.8ispermittedtobeprovidedbyGFCIprotectionforpersonnelonthefeederthatsuppliesthose
43、branchcircuitsNEC215.9.GuestroomsandguestsuitesthatareprovidedwithpermanentprovisionsforcookingmusthavebranchcircuitsinstalledtomeettherulesfordwellingunitsNEC210.18.b) OtherThanDwellingUnits: GFCIprotectionforpersonnelisrequiredforall120Volt,single-phasereceptaclesrated15Aand20Alocatedinthefollowin
44、glocationsNEC210.8:Standardfor InstallingandMaintainingArc-FaultCircuitInterrupters (AFCIs)and NECA 169Ground-FaultCircuitInterrupters(GFCIs)5 a731. Bathrooms2. Kitchens3. Rooftops4. Outdoors5. Sinkswherereceptaclesareinstalledwithin1.8m(6ft.)oftheoutsideedgeofthesink.6. PortableorMobileSignsc) Repl
45、acementofExistingReceptacles1. GFCIprotectedreceptaclesarerequiredwherereplacementsaremadeatreceptacleoutletsthatarerequiredtobeGFCIprotectedNEC406.3(D)(2).2. Non-grounding-typereceptaclesarepermittedtobereplacedwithGFCIprotectedreceptacles.Suchreceptaclesmustbemarked“NoEquipmentGround.” SuchGFCIpro
46、tectedreceptaclesarepermittedtoprotectgrounding-typereceptacles.Suchgrounding-typereceptaclesmustbemarked“GFCIProtected”and“NoEquipmentGround”NEC406.3(D)(3)(b)and(c).d) CommercialRepairandStorageGaragesandAircraftHangers. All120-volt,single-phase,15-and20-amperereceptaclesinstalledinareaswhereelec-t
47、ricaldiagnosticequipment,electricalhandtools,orportablelightingequipmentaretobeusedmusthaveGFCIprotectionforpersonnelNEC511.12and513.12).e) HealthcareFacilities. Allreceptaclesandfixedequipmentwithintheareaofawetprocedureloca-tionofhealthcarefacilities,suchasoperatingrooms,musthaveGFCIprotectionforp
48、ersonnelorbeservedbyanisolatedpowersystemNEC517.20(A).f) AgriculturalBuildings. All120-Volt,single-phase,15-Aand20-Ageneral-purposereceptaclesinstalledinthelocationslistedin(1)through(4)musthaveGFCIprotectionforpersonnelNEC547.5(G):1. Areashavinganequipotentialplane2. Outdoors3. Damporwetlocations4.
49、 Dirtconfinementareasforlivestockg) Elevators,Dumbwaiters,Escalators,MovingWalks,PlatformLifts,andStairwayChairliftsNEC620.85.1. Each120Volt,single-phase,15-Aand20-Areceptacleinstalledinpits,inhoistways,onele-vatorcartops,andinescalatorandmovingwalkwaysmustbeofGFCI-type.2. All120Volt,single-phase,15Aand20Arecep-taclesinstalledinmachineroomsandmachin-eryspacesmusthaveGFCIprotectionforper-sonnel.h) Appliances.1. Cord-and-plug-connectedvendingmachinesmanufacturedorre-manufacturedpriortoJanuary1,2005,mustbeconnectedtoaGFCI-protectedoutletNEC422.51.2. El
