1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010)For SwitchgearAlternating-CurrentHigh-Voltage PowerVacuum InterruptersSafety Requirements forX-Radiation LimitsANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) Revision of ANSI C37.85-1989 American National Standard for Switchgea
2、r Alternating-Current High-Voltage Power Vacuum Interrupters Safety Requirements for X-Radiation Limits Secretariat: National Electrical Manufacturers Association Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Approved November 8, 2002 Reaffirmed November 16, 2010 American National Standards Inst
3、itute, Inc. ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimou
4、s agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. ANSI standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks
5、out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any i
6、nformation or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from
7、the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any
8、 of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other se
9、rvices for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the
10、exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it
11、 undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safetyrelated information in this document s
12、hall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criter
13、ia for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not
14、necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the sta
15、ndards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover,
16、 no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Cau
17、tion Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current in
18、formation on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Rosslyn, VA 22209 Copyright 2002 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association All rights reserved including translation i
19、nto other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system o
20、r otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America i ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) This page intentionally left blank.ii ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) Contents Page Foreword v 1 General 1 2 Related American National Standards.1 3 Definitions 1 4 Perform
21、ance Requirements.2 5 Conformance Test Procedures for New Interrupters.2 5.1 General requirements .2 5.1.1 Condition of interrupter to be tested 2 5.1.2 Mounting of specimen2 5.1.3 Test circuit3 5.1.4 Frequency 3 5.1.5 Radiation instrument3 5.1.6 Location of radiation instrument.3 5.1.7 Precautions
22、3 5.2 Test voltage and measurement procedure.4 6 Power-Frequency Withstand Voltage Tests on Used Interrupters 5 7 Labeling5 iii ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) Page Tables 1 X-radiation test voltages for interrupters applied without additional external shielding .5 Figures 1 Test location of radiation mete
23、r .4 Annexes A Report on the basis of derivation of the maximum permissible levels of X-radiation emitted by high-voltage power vacuum interrupters 6 B Testing in assembled switchgear.8 iv ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) Foreword (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard C37.85-2002.) This s
24、tandard was developed initially by a task force of the NEMA Switchgear Section as a result of an industry study undertaken at the request of the Bureau of Radiological Health in order to meet the need as set forth in Public Law 90-602, identified as Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 196
25、8. Upon completion, the initial proposal was submitted to the American National Standards Committee C37 on Power Switchgear for further development and to obtain a consensus as an American National Standard. It was approved on April 28, 1972 as American National Standard for Safety Requirements for
26、X-Radiation Limits for AC High-Voltage Power Vacuum Interrupters Used in Power Switchgear, ANSI C37.85-1972. This standard set forth performance requirements relative to X-radiation emission and methods of test for high-voltage vacuum switching devices. The 1989 revision incorporated higher-voltage
27、vacuum interrupters that have been developed, tested, and placed into service since the 1972 adoption of the standard. This revision incorporates editorial and minor technical changes from the 1989 version. “Dielectric withstand voltage test” (and similar phrases) have been changed to “power-frequen
28、cy withstand voltage test” (or similar phrasing) throughout. ANSI/NBS 114-1974 has been superseded by ANSI N43.3-1993. Table 1 has been modified to add categories for 4.76kV, 8.25kV, and 15kV, so as to coordinate with the apparatus standards. Clause 7 has been modified to better conform to ANSI Z535
29、.4, and to allow some latitude in the language and the placement of the label. Annex A incorporates some minor updates to reflect that this is now the third edition of the document, but nothing major was changed. The allowable limits for radiation are based on the occupational dose limits establishe
30、d by 10CFR835 for general employees, 5.0 rem (0.05 sievert) per year for the whole body. The limits for selected tissues and organs are much higher. Radiation exposures have been historically measured in rem units, and most of the references still use this unit of measure. Another unit of measure, t
31、he sievert (Sv) is coming into use as the SI unit of dose equivalent, but use of this unit is still not common. Therefore, it has been deemed reasonable to maintain all measures in terms of rem. For convenience, a few conversions among the more commonly used units are listed here: 0.5 rem (roentgen
32、equivalent man) = 5 mSv (millisievert) = 500 mR (milliroentgen) 1 mR = 0.01 mSV 1 R = 10 mSV Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, Inc, 1300 North 17thStreet, Suite 1752, Rosslyn, VA 22209. This standar
33、d was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by Accredited Standards Committee on Power Switchgear, C37. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the C37 Committee had the following members: T.
34、 W. Olsen, Chair J. Collins, Secretary Organization Represented: Name of Representative: Association of Iron and Steel Engineers (Vacant) v ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) Electric Light and Power Group E. Worland (Chair) D. E. Galicia J. L. Koepfinger G. J. Martuscello Y. Musa Institute of Electrical and
35、Electronics Engineers, Inc A. Dixon J. Jerabek T. E. Royster M. D. Sigmon J. G. Wood D. Lemmerman (Alt) R. W. Long (Alt) National Electrical Manufacturers Association G. Sakats (Chair) R. W. Long T. W. Olsen D. Stone D. L. Swindler E. Byron (Alt) International Electrical Testing Association A. Peter
36、son National Electrical Contractors Association D. Harwood Tennessee Valley Authority J. Nelson D. Reynolds Testing Laboratory Group A. Harkness P. Notarian U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rural Electrification Administration H. L. Bowles U.S. Department of the Army, Office of the Chief of Engineers
37、 J. A. Gilson U.S. Department of the Navy, Naval Construction Battalion Center D. L. Mills Western Area Power Administration (Vacant) This revision was prepared by a joint working group of the NEMA Power Circuit Breaker Technical Committee (SG-IV) and the NEMA Power Switchgear Assemblies Technical C
38、ommittee (SG-V). The members of this working group were: T. W. Olsen, Working Group Chairperson C. JBal T. W. Olsen M. Beard G. Sakats J. Carroll S. Slattery P. Dwyer H. M. Smith R. Garzon D. Stone R. W. Long T. Tobin G. Montillet J. Wiseman P. J. Notarian R. York vi AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD for S
39、witchgear ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) Alternating-Current High-Voltage Power Vacuum Interrupters Safety Requirements for X-Radiation Limits 1 General This standard specifies the maximum permissible X-radiation emission from alternating-current high-voltage power vacuum interrupters that are intended to
40、 be operated at voltages above 1000 volts and up to 38,000 volts when tested in accordance with procedures described in this standard. NOTES The test procedures prescribed in this standard are not necessarily applicable for higher-voltage vacuum interrupters. In this standard, the term “interrupter”
41、 signifies “high-voltage power vacuum interrupter,” unless qualified by other descriptive terms. 2 Related American National Standards The following standards are listed for information only and are not essential to complete the requirements of this standard. ANSI N43.3-1993, General Radiation Safet
42、y - Installations Using Non-Medical X-Ray and Sealed Gamma-Ray Sources, Energies up to 10 MeV ANSI/IEEE C37.100-1992, Definitions for Power Switchgear 3 Definitions The definitions and terms contained in this standard, or in other American National Standards referred to in this standard, are not int
43、ended to embrace all legitimate meanings of the terms. They are applicable only to the subject treated in this standard. For additional definitions of terms used in this standard, see ANSI/IEEE C37.100-1992. An asterisk (*) following a definition indicates that, at the time this standard was approve
44、d, there was no corresponding definition in ANSI/IEEE C37.100-1992. conformance tests: Those tests that are specifically made to demonstrate the conformity of switchgear or its component parts with applicable standards. high-voltage power vacuum interrupter: An interrupter in which the separable con
45、tacts function within a single evacuated envelope and that is intended for use in power switchgear.* maximum interrupter operating voltage: The highest steady-state alternating-current rms operating voltage that will appear across the open contacts of a vacuum interrupter in its application.* NOTETh
46、e maximum interrupter operating voltage is a function of the highest system voltage on which a switchgear device employing vacuum interrupters is to be applied, the number of interrupters used in series, and whether the device is single-phase or three-phase. milliroentgen (mR): The amount of X-radia
47、tion that produces 2.58 10-7coulombs per kilogram of air.* 1 ANSI C37.85-2002 (R2010) power-frequency withstand voltage tests: Tests made to determine the ability of insulating materials and spacings to withstand specified rms overvoltages for a specified time without dielectric breakdown or punctur
48、e. shielding: The barrier of attenuating material used to reduce radiation hazards.* 4 Performance Requirements Interrupters, tested as specified in clause 5, shall be in compliance with this standard if the X-radiation emitted does not exceed the following: 1) 0.5 milliroentgen per hour at the maxi
49、mum operating voltage shown in column 2 of Table 1. 2) 15.0 milliroentgens per hour at the power-frequency withstand test voltage shown in column 3 of Table 1. Table 1 X-radiation test voltages for interrupters applied without additional external shielding (Note 1) X-Radiation Test Voltages (Note 2)Rated Maximum Voltage (kV rms) (Note 1) (column 1) Maximum Interrupter Operating Voltage (kV rms) (column 2) Power-Frequency Test Voltage (kV rms) (column 3) 4.76 8.25 15.0 15.5 25.8 27.0 38.0 38.0 4.76 8.25 15.0 15.5 27.0 3
