1、ANSI/SPI B151.4-1999for Plastic Blown Film Machinery Manufacture, Care theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The Americ
2、an National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standar
3、ds Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require
4、that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards
5、Institute, Inc.11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 1999 by American National Standards InstituteAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the U
6、nited States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword ii1 Scope, Purpose, and Application . 12 Normative References 23 Definitions. 34 Care 65 Manufacture, Remanufacture, and Modification. 76 Use . 107 Signs and Plates. 11iiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/SPI B151.4-199
7、9.)This standard is a revision of American National Standard for Plastics Machinery -Blown Film Takeoff and Auxiliary Equipment - Construction, Care, and Use, ANSIB151.4-1982 (R1988).A standard treating the manufacture, care and use of plastic blown film machinery iscomplicated by the wide variety a
8、nd sizes of machines manufactured and in use, andby the virtually infinite combinations of parts being produced, production methods be-ing used, and operating conditions existing in industry today.The primary objective of this standard is to minimize hazards to personnel associatedwith machine activ
9、ity by establishing requirements for the manufacture, care and useof these machines. To accomplish this objective, a decision was made to approachthe problem of machine safety as follows:a) Eliminate by design certain recognized hazards and the establishment ofstandard approaches to design so that m
10、achines available from competitive man-ufacturers will have similar operational characteristics.b) Safeguard the machine where recognized hazards cannot be designed out fortechnical or operational reasons.c) Warn where elimination or safeguarding of hazards is not technically or opera-tionally feasi
11、ble.To assist in the interpretation of these requirements, responsibilities have been as-signed to the manufacturer, re-manufacturer, the modifier, and the employer.Recognizing the impossibility of updating equipment and changing operation meth-ods allied with existing machines immediately after app
12、roval date of this standard, a3-year period has been provided to employers for updating machines.Recognizing the impossibility of immediate updating of design and manufacturingmethods, clauses 4 and 5 shall become effective one year after the approval date ofthis standard.Evidence of consensus on th
13、is standard was secured by use of the Canvass Method.Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sentto The Society of the Plastics Industry Inc., 1801 K Street NW, Suite 600, Washing-ton, DC 20006-1301.The Society of the Plastics Industry Extrusion Section - Standar
14、ds DevelopmentCommittee on Machinery Standards was responsible for developing this standard.iiiThe Extrusion Section Standards Development Committee of the Society of the Plas-tics Industry Machinery Division which was responsible for this standard had the fol-lowing members:D. Lounsbury, Chairman(D
15、avis-Standards Corporation)W. Bishop, Secretariat(Executive Director, SPIMachinery Division)G. Godfrey(Black Clawson)M. Mitchell(Welex, Inc.)R. Monteith(Milacron, Inc.)J. Rexford(HPM Corporation)W. Wybenga(Brampton Engineering)ivExplanation of Standard FormatThis standard uses a two-column format to
16、 provide both specific requirements andsupporting information.The left column, designated “Standard Requirements“ is confined solely to these re-quirements and is printed in bold type. Where supporting photographs or sketchesare required, they are designated as “figures.“The right column, designated
17、 “Explanatory Information“ contains only informationthat is intended to clarify the standard. This is not a part of the standard. Where sup-plementary photographs or sketches are required, they are designated as “illustra-tions.“Operating rules (safe practices) are not included in either column unle
18、ss they are ofsuch nature as to be vital safety requirements, equal in weight to other requirementsor guides to assist in compliance with the standard.AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/SPI B151.4-1999American National Standardfor Plastic Blown Film Machinery Manufacture, Care and Use1STANDARD REQUIREM
19、ENTS1 Scope, Purpose, and Application1.1 ScopeThe requirement of this standard shall apply toblown film collapsing, nip rolls, in line bagsealers, separators, and folders (Machinery).Safety requirements of ancillary equipmentused with the Machinery are not covered by thisstandard.1.2 PurposeThe purp
20、ose of this standard is to identify andaddress known hazards to personnel workingon, or adjacent to the Machinery.1.3 Application1.3.1 New InstallationThe requirements of this standard pertaining tomanufacture shall apply to all new orremanufactured Machinery installed in theUnited States, of Americ
21、a. Compliance shall beachieved within one year of the approval date ofthis standard. Date of shipment (month andyear) shall be affixed to the Machinepermanently and legibly along with the name ofthe manufacturer or remanufacturer.1.3.2 Existing InstallationsThe employer is responsible for bringingex
22、isting Machines into compliance with therequirements of this standard within threeyears of the approval date of this standard withthe following specific exception:- the 4 inches dimension referred to insubclauses 3.13 and 5.3.1.1 shall be changedto 3 inches.EXPLANATORY INFORMATIONE1.1 ScopeInquiries
23、 with respect to the application or thesubstantive requirements of the standard should beaddressed to the Society of the Plastics Industry,Inc, 1801 K Street NW, Suite 600, Washington,DC, 20006-1301.E1.3.2 Existing InstallationsIf modifications are required to achieve thisreduced dimension the emplo
24、yer is stronglyencouraged to use 4 inches, if at all possible.ANSI/SPI B151.4-19992Exceptions to the standard:It is not the intent of this standard to requireexisting installations to be in total compliancewith the latest revision of American NationalStandard Electrical Standard for IndustrialMachin
25、ery, ANSI/NFPA 79-1997. Only therequirements that address personnel safetyrequire updating.1.3.3 All InstallationsAn employer shall not operate a Machine orpermit it to be operated unless it is incompliance with this standard.2 Normative ReferencesThe following standards contain provisionswhich, thr
26、ough reference in this text, constituteprovisions of this American National Standard.At the time of publication, the editions indicatedwere valid. All standards are subject to revisionand parties to agreement based on thisAmerican National Standard are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of app
27、lying the mostrecent edition of the standards listed below.ANSI Z535.3-1998, Criteria for Safety Symbols3)ANSI Z535.4-1998, Product Safety Signs andLabels 3)ANSI/NFPA 79-1997, Electrical Standard forIndustrial Machinery3)OSHA 1910.932)E2 Related ReferencesSPI/AN 137, Recommended Guideline for Safety
28、Signs for Plastics Machinery and RelatedEquipment 1)CFR Title 29, Subpart 2, Part 1910.1042 2)1)Available from The Society of the Plastics Industry, Literature Sales Dept., 1801 K Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006.2)Available from the National Archives and Records Administration, Code of Federal Regu
29、lations, Pennsylvania Ave. at 7thStreet, Washington, DC 20408.3)For electronic copies of some standards, visit ANSIs Electronic Standards Store (ESS) at www.ansi.org. For printed versionsof all these standards, contact Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112-5704, (8
30、00)854-7179.ANSI/SPI B151.4-199933 Definitions3.1 AlarmA visual or audible signaling device.3.2 Emergency Stop DeviceA trip rod, cord, button, or other device that,when actuated, stops all hazardous movementassociated with the specific Machine.3.3 EmployerAny person who contracts, hires, or isrespon
31、sible for the personnel associated withthe operation and maintenance of theMachinery.3.4 GuardA barrier, cover, enclosure, or other deviceplaced over areas where hazards exist.3.4.1 Fixed GuardA guard requiring the use of tools for removalfrom the Machinery.3.4.2 Movable GuardA guard which may be mo
32、ved or removedwithout the use of tools.3.5 InstructionsDocumentation for the installation, operation,care, maintenance, and safe use of theMachine.3.6 InterlockAn arrangement whereby the operation of onecontrol or mechanism brings about or preventsthe operation of another.3.7 Local ControlA control
33、device located in full view of thecomponent being controlled.3.8 Maintenance PersonnelMaintenance Personnel are individuals, who byvirtue of their training and skill are qualified toinspect, maintain and repair the Machinery.3.9 ManufacturerAny person whose business is the manufactureof the Machiner
34、y covered in this standard forinstallation in the United States of America.E3.4 GuardOther devices may include presence sensingdevices.E3.4.1 Fixed GuardA fixed guard includes but is not limited to one that isfastened to the framework of the machine or floor.E3.4.2 Movable GuardA movable guard is ge
35、nerally connected bymechanical means to the machine frame or anadjacent fixed element (e.g., hinges or slides).ANSI/SPI B151.4-199943.10 ModificationFor the purpose of this standard, any change tothe Machinery that affects personnel safety isconsidered a modification.3.11 ModifierAny person who perf
36、orms a modification to aMachine.3.12 Nip, Counter RotatingThe point between two counter-rotating rolls.3.13 Nip, Fixed MemberThe point between a fixed member and a drivenroll where the distance between the two is 4inches or less.3.14 Nip, Web GeneratedThe contact point between a web surface and arot
37、ating roll.3.15 Nip, WedgingA fixed member nip where the distance betweenthe fixed member and the surface of the rolldecreases in the direction of rotation.3.16 OperatorAn individual who uses the Machinery toperform production work.3.17 Pinch PointAny point at which it is possible for a part of theb
38、ody to be caught between a moving part and afixed part or between two moving parts exceptnips.3.18 Presence-Sensing DeviceA device that is capable of detecting anintrusion into a specified area.3.19 Reach PointThe farthest point an operator is expected to beable to touch when outside of the machine
39、oron a walkway. Areas that may be reached onlyby deliberately crawling into the machine orotherwise contorting the body are notconsidered within the reach point of theoperator.E3.16 OperatorProduction work includes thread-ups.E3.18 Presence-Sensing DeviceExamples of presence sensing devices include:
40、Safety mat, interlocked platform, photoelectricbeam and other similar devices.ANSI/SPI B151.4-199953.20 RemanufactureA substantial restoration of a specific machine.3.21 RemanufacturerAny person whose business is the redesignand/or remanufacture of a specific machine forinstallation in the United St
41、ates of America.3.22 RepairThe restoration of a portion of a specificmachine to original function using originaldesign by replacement or re-working of worn ordamaged parts.3.23 Safety SignsA visual alerting device in the form of a sign,label, decal, placard, or other marking thatadvises the observer
42、 of the nature and degreeof the potential hazard(s) that can cause injuryor death.3.24 ShallThe word “shall“ denotes a mandatoryrequirement.3.26 ShouldThe word “should,“ denotes a recommendation.3.27 “S“ WrapAn “S“ wrap is formed between two counter-rotating rolls, either touching or not, when thewe
43、b passes around the first roll, through thespace between the two rolls, around the secondroll, and continues. This is opposed to the websimply passing through the nip between thetwo rolls without wrapping either.E3.20 RemanufactureRemanufacture typically consists of the following:1) Substantial dism
44、antling of the Machine.2) Cleaning and carefully inspecting all parts.3) Reworking worn parts to as new conditionor replacing with new parts to meet applicablestandards and guidelines.4) Substantially reconditioning or replacingpower system components to meet applicablestandard and guidelines.5) Ins
45、pecting all electrical and control systemsand replacing component/systems as required.6) Removing modifications that are not inconformance with clauses 5 and 7 of thisstandard and informing the employer of theremoval.E3.22 RepairRepair may include such items as replacement orrework of safety devices
46、, drives, controls, meters,etc.ANSI/SPI B151.4-199963.28 TowerThe structure around the film bubble used tosupport the collapser, nip rolls, idler rolls,treaters, etc., used in the production of blownfilm.3.29 TraversingThe motion of a machine from a nonproductionposition to a production position and
47、 viceversa.3.30 WebThe film or sheet passed through theMachinery.4 Care4.1 Instructions4.1.1 ManufacturerIt shall be the responsibility of the manufacturerto furnish instructions with the Machinery.4.1.2 ModifierIt shall be the responsibility of the personmodifying the Machinery to furnish instructi
48、onsspecific to the modification.4.1.3 RemanufacturerIt shall be the responsibility of theremanufacturer to furnish instructions with theMachinery.4.2 Training of Maintenance PersonnelIt shall be the responsibility of the employer toensure the original and continuing competenceof personnel installing
49、, inspecting, andmaintaining the Machinery.4.3 Inspection and MaintenanceIt shall be the responsibility of the employer toestablish and follow a program of periodic andregular inspections of the Machinery to ensurethat all safeguards are in proper operatingcondition and are property adjusted.E3.29 TraversingTraversing does not include machine motionsinherent in production operation (e.g., oscillatingand rotation).E4.2 Training of Maintenance PersonnelMuch general literature exists to provide a goodfoundation for training of personne
