1、TINEIA STANDARD ANSI/TIA/EIA-455-69A-1991 Approved: July 2, 1991 Reaffirmed: September 14, 2000 FOTP-69 Test Procedure for Evaluating the Effect of Minimum and Maximum Exposure Temperatures on the Optical Performance of Optical Fibers TINEIA-455-69A (Revision of EIA-455-69) NOVEMBER 1991 TELECOMMUNI
2、CATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Repmeiiing ibe tekcommuoiutionr induan 18 associauon wiih the Elecironic lndurtner 4Uiancr Elactronie industria Aiiialrcc NOTICE TINEIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufact
3、urers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or nonmem
4、ber of TIA/EIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications, nor shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by those other than TIA/EIA members, whether the standard is to be used either domestically or internationa
5、lly. Standards and Publications are adopted by TIA/EIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TINEIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard or Publicati
6、on. This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
7、 before its use. (From Standards Proposal No. 2418-RF1, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-6.6 Subcommittee on Fibers and Materials.) This Document was reaffirmed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) on September 14,2000, and by the TIA. Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDU
8、STRY ASSOCIATION 1991 Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 2220 1 PRICE: Please refer to current Catalog of PUBLICATIONS or call Global Engineering Documents, USA and Canada (1-800-854-7179) International (303-397-7956) EIA ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ALLIANCE STANDARDS
9、and ENGINEERING All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. PLEASE! DONT VIOLATE THE LAW! This document is copyrighted by the TIA and may not be reproduced without permission. Organizations may obtain permission to reproduce a limited number of copies through entering into a license agreement. For informa
10、tion, contact: Global Engneering Documents 15 Inverness Way East Englewood, CO 80 1 12-5704 or call U.S.A. and Canada 1-800-354-7179, international (303) 397-7956 FOTP-69 TEST PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM EXPOSURE TEMPERATURES ON THE OPTICAL PERFORMANCE OF OPTICAL FIBER
11、S CONTENTS Section Page 1. INTRODUCTION. 1 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS . 1 3. APPARATUS 2 4. SAMPLING AND SPECIMENS 3 5. PROCEDURE 4 6. CALCULATIONS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS 7 7. DOCUMENTATION 7 . 8. SPECIFICATION INFORMATION 8 FIGURE 1 - SUGGESTED PLOT FORMAT FOR REPORTING TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE O
12、F ATTENUATION 9 FIGURE 2 - SUGGESTED PLOT FORMAT FOR REPORTING CHANGE IN ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT OVER TIME AFTER EXPOSURE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE . 10 ANNEX - SPECIFICATION GUIDELINES AND DISCUSSION REGARDING CHOICE OF MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM TEST TEMPERATURES 11 APPENDIX - COMPARISON BETWEEN THIS FOTP AND
13、IEC AND CCITT REQUIREMENTS 13 EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 1 FOTP-69 TEST PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM EXPOSURE TEMPERATURES ON THE OPTICAL PERFORMANCE OF OPTICAL FIBERS (From EIA Standards Proposal No. 2418, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA FO-6.6, Subcommittee on Op
14、tical Fibers and Materials.) This FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within Recommended Standard EIA/TIA-455. NOTE: This FOTP was originally published in EIA-455-69 as FOTP-69. 1. INTRODUCTION This test is intended to determine the ability of an optical fiber to maintain optical
15、performance (attenuation and temperature dependence of attenuation) over an extended period of time after having been exposed to a specified range of high and low temperatures. This procedure is one of several FOTPs that, when selected on the basis of a proposed application, assist in establishing a
16、 particular specification for minimum and maximum use temperature. This procedure has been shown to be applicable to all-glass optical fibers. Later this procedure may be shown to apply also to other classes of fibers. 2, APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS Test or inspection requirements may include, but are not
17、limited to, the following references: FOTP-3 (EIA/TIA-455-3A) “Standard Test Procedures for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables, Transducers, Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices, and Other Fiber Optic Components It “Procedure to Measure Temperature Cycling Effects on Optical Fibers, Optical Cable, an
18、d Other Passive Fiber Optic Components“ EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 2 FOTP-13 (RS-455-13) FOTP-46 (EIA/TIA-455-46A) FOTP-53 (EIA/TIA-455-53A) FOTP-57 (EIA/TIA-455-57A) FOTP-61 (EIA/TIA-455-61) FOTP-70 (EIA/TIA-4S5-701) FOTP-75 (EIA-455-75) FOTP-78 (EIA/TIA-455-78A) “Visual and Mechanical Inspection of Fibe
19、rs, Cables, Connectors, and/or Other Fiber Optic Devices“ “Spectral Attenuation Measurement for Long-Length, Graded-Index Optical F i be r s “At tenua t i on by Substitution Measurement for Multimode Graded- Index Optical Fibers or Fiber Assemblies Used in Long-Length Communications Systems“ “Optica
20、l Fiber End Preparation and Evaluation“ “Measurement of Fiber or Cable Attenuation Using an OTDR“ “Advanced Aging Temperature for Optical Fibers“ “Fluid Immersion Test for Optical Waveguide Fibe r s “ I S pe c t r a 1 -At te nua t i on Cutback Measurement for Single-Mode Optical F i be r s I 3. APPA
21、RATUS 3.1 Sample Preparation Device This device prepares the test specimen in the desired configuration and at zero tension. See also the considerations given in 4.2. Either of the following devices will work: 3.1.1 A coil-winding machine to fabricate loose coils with a minimum inside diameter of 20
22、0 mm (8 in). FOTP-75 illustrates a concept for the winding portion of such a machine. when this method is used, a clean container will be needed for each coil prepared. 3.1.2 A winding machine to produce zero tension on a reel, or a reel incorporating a tension-relief mechanism that produces a lin p
23、reparation EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 3 wind with zero tension. in either case, provide a reel with a minimum diameter of 300 mm (12 in) and sufficient width such that no more than six layers of fiber are needed to accommodate the entire length of the fiber. 3.2 Equipment for Evaluating fiinimum Exposure
24、Temperature Use the equipment specified in FOTP-3. 3.3 Equipment for Evaluating Waximum Exposure Temperature 3.3.1 Test Chamber This is an oven of a size sufficient to hold the test specimens while providing adequate internal circulation of air in the chamber. A combination freezer-oven may be used,
25、 provided it conforms to the requirements of both 3.2 and 3.3.1. Provide an oven capable of holding the set temperature to a tolerance of f SOC for the test duration. The oven meets tempera ture uniformity requirements if all temperature measurements taken anywhere within an “imaginary box,“ positio
26、ned 100 mm (4 in) away from all inside surfaces of the empty oven, do not deviate from one another by more than then replace in the oven. EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 6 Recommended Total Elapsed Time From Initial Exposure O day (i.e., just prior to initial exposure) 1 day 3 days 1 week 2 weeks 1 month 2 mon
27、ths (recommended duration of normal test) 4 months (only if required to achieve test validity) Whenever the test specimen is withdrawn from the oven for measurement, allow it to equilibrate at standard ambient conditions for the length of time, as determined in 5.1 from FOTP-3, before making a measu
28、rement. During any measurement sequence do not let the test specimen remain outside the oven longer than two hours beyond the equilibration soak time. If the specimen remains outside the oven longer than this, adjust the test-time line accordingly. Continue remeasuring at the indicated intervals unt
29、il either the maximum allowable attenuation coefficient increase has been exceeded, or the maximum test duration has been completed, whichever comes first. 5.8 Intermediate Temperature-Cycling Test (Optional) If desired, or if specified in the Detail Specification, run a temperature-cycling test aft
30、er one (or more) of the exposure periods in 5.7, in the same manner as in 5.5. 5.9 Final Baseline Attenuation Measurement When the maximum-temperature testing has been completed, condition the test specimen for a minimum of 24 hours under the controlled ambient atmospheric conditions prescribed in E
31、IA/TIA-455-A, Section 5. Then make a final baseline attenuation measurement under standard ambient conditions, as in 5.4. 5.10 Final Temperature-Cycling Test Run one complete and final cycle for temperature dependence of attenuation on the test specimen in order to determine what effect, if any, the
32、 long-term exposure to the high temperature may have had on performance. Use FOTP-3 and the test temperatures specified in the Detail Specification. EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 7 5.11 inspection Inspect each test specimen for possible changes in the coating such as cracking, increased tackiness, discolorat
33、ion, and embrittlement, using FOTP-13. In the test report note any changes, and when they were first noticed. 5.12 Upset Locations (Optional) If the test results indicate the possible presence of upsets in the test specimen, or any other anomalous behavior, an (optional) OTDR measurement may prove u
34、seful for diagnosing the situation. Use FOTP-59. 6, CALCULATIONS OR INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS 6.1 Calculate the temperature dependence of attenuation from the measurements made at the start of the test cycle and at the end. Compare the values to the maximum allowable specified value. See Figure 1 fo
35、r a suggested format for graphing the data. 6.2 Using the equations in the appropriate test procedure, calculate the attenuation coefficients for the test specimen at every stage of the maximum use temperature testing portion of the program. Calculate the difference in attenuation coefficient from t
36、hat measured at the start of the testing program, and compare it to the specified maximum allowable value. Also calculate and plot the maximum temperature-dependence value measured in 5.5, 5.8 (optional), and 5.10. See Figure 2 for a suggested format for graphing and extrapolating the data. 6.3 If a
37、ccelerated testing is performed on the test specimen, convert the test results to the values for the maximum rated exposure temperature by using a conversion factor derived from characterization testing of similar fiber samples conducted by FOTP-70. See A.2.1. of the Annex for further discussion. 7.
38、 DOCUMENTATION 7.1 Report the following information for each test: 7.1.1 Test date. 7.1.2 identity and length of test specimen. 7.1.3 Temperature conditions applied and conversion factor used (if accelerated testing is performed). EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 8 7.1.4 Test results: calculated changes in atte
39、nuation coefficients, by wavelength, for each test; and maximum temperature dependence of attenuation, when measured. 7.1.5 Any noticeable changes in coating appearance or condition. 7.1.6 OTDR traces or descriptions of anomalies found (if the optional procedure of 5.12 is used). 7.2 United States m
40、ilitary applications require that the following information also be reported for each test. For other (non-military) applications, this information ,need not be reported, but shall be available for review upon request: 7.2.1 Test personnel. 7.2.2 Brief description of all key equipment used for evalu
41、ating minimum use test temperature. 7.2.3 Brief description of all key equipment used for evaluating maximum use temperature: test chamber, and attenuation measurement equipment. 7.2.4 Brief description of equipment used to prepare the specimens for test. 7.2.5 Number and title of exposure-temperatu
42、re procedure, and the attenuation coefficient procedure used. Include launch conditions. 7.2.6 Configuration of test specimen (coil or reel). 8. SPECIFICATION INFORMATION The following shall be specified in the Detail Specification: 8.1 Acceptance or failure criteria: Maximum allowable attenuation c
43、oefficient change for the duration of the maximum exposure temperature program; and maximum allowable increase in temperature dependence before and after high-temperature testing. 8.2 Minimum exposure temperature, and the test temperature associated with it. 8.3 Maximum exposure temperature, and the
44、 test temperature associated with it. 8.4 Duration of maximum exposure temperature test program. 8.5 Test wavelength(s). 8.6 Other requirements. I Maximum Specified Allowable Change After Exposure to High Temperature Maximum Specified Allowable Change Before Exposure to High Temperature After, EIA/T
45、IA-455-69A Page 9 CHANGE IN ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT, dB/km 0.2 0.1 10 20 TEMPERATURE, OC Figure 1 - SUGGESTED PLOT FORMAT FOR REPORTING TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF ATTENUATION EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 10 ( 1 day+ - P O 9 c1 O Ls 3 3 days+ 0.01 - se M Y 2 9, rl 1 week+ rn 2 weeks+ 1 month+ 0.1 2 months+ 4
46、months+ 8 months4 1 year 2 years 4 years- 10 years I I I I I I I I I EIA/TIA-455-69A Page 11 ANNEX SPECIFICATION GUIDELINES AND DISCUSSION REGARDING CHOICE OF HINIHUM AND MAXIMUM TEST TEMPERATURES (Mandatory Information) Al. Hinimum Exposure Temperature Al.1 Discussion At exposure temperatures below
47、 2OoC, any changes in optical performance are largely affected by non-permanent changes in the plastic portion(s) of the test specimen (i. e., the protective coating or buffer). As temperatures decrease, the modulus of rigidity of plastic increases; this factor, plus the higher thermal contraction o
48、f plastics vs. cladding and/or core, causes microbending and hence the possibility of attenuation increases. A1.2 Specification Guidelines Unless the Detail Specification specifies ot.herwise, test at the same temperature as the specified minimum-exposure temperature. There is no practical advantage
49、 in testing at lower temperatures because in most cases thermal degradation, which involves chemical reaction(s), is negligible at temperatures in the OC tange. A rule of thumb used by many chemists and chemical engineers is that chemical reaction rates approximately double for every 10C increase in temperature; thus, the rate at OC would be approximately 1/250th that at 8OoC, and testing at -lOC would only diminish the already small rate at 0OC.J The Detail Specification shall call out the minimum exposure temperature and the minimum test tem
