1、 TIA-455-85-A (Revision of TIA-455-85) May 1992FOTP-85 Fiber Optic Cable Twist Test ANSI/TIA-455-85-A-1992 APPROVED: MAY 26, 1992 REAFFIRMED: MAY 11, 1999 REAFFIRMED: MAY 10, 2005 REAFFIRMED: AUGUST 2, 2013 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest t
2、hrough eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for their particular need. The existence of such Standards and Publicat
3、ions shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of TIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications. Neither shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by Non-TIA members, either domestically or inte
4、rnationally. Standards and Publications are adopted by TIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard or Publicat
5、ion. This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitation
6、s before its use. (From Project No. 3-4445-RF3, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-42 Telecommunications Cabling Systems, TR-42.12 Subcommittee on Optical Fibers and Cables). Published by TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Technology (b) there is no assurance that the Document will b
7、e approved by any Committee of TIA or any other body in its present or any other form; (c) the Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards development or any editing process. The use or practice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectual property rights (“IPR”
8、), including pending or issued patents, or copyrights, owned by one or more parties. TIA makes no search or investigation for IPR. When IPR consisting of patents and published pending patent applications are claimed and called to TIAs attention, a statement from the holder thereof is requested, all
9、in accordance with the Manual. TIA takes no position with reference to, and disclaims any obligation to investigate or inquire into, the scope or validity of any claims of IPR. TIA will neither be a party to discussions of any licensing terms or conditions, which are instead left to the parties invo
10、lved, nor will TIA opine or judge whether proposed licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or non-discriminatory. TIA does not warrant or represent that procedures or practices suggested or provided in the Manual have been complied with as respects the Document or its contents. If the Document
11、contains one or more Normative References to a document published by another organization (“other SSO”) engaged in the formulation, development or publication of standards (whether designated as a standard, specification, recommendation or otherwise), whether such reference consists of mandatory, al
12、ternate or optional elements (as defined in the TIA Engineering Manual, 4thedition) then (i) TIA disclaims any duty or obligation to search or investigate the records of any other SSO for IPR or letters of assurance relating to any such Normative Reference; (ii) TIAs policy of encouragement of volun
13、tary disclosure (see Engineering Manual Section 6.5.1) of Essential Patent(s) and published pending patent applications shall apply; and (iii) Information as to claims of IPR in the records or publications of the other SSO shall not constitute identification to TIA of a claim of Essential Patent(s)
14、or published pending patent applications. TIA does not enforce or monitor compliance with the contents of the Document. TIA does not certify, inspect, test or otherwise investigate products, designs or services or any claims of compliance with the contents of the Document. ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
15、 IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS, ITS FITNESS OR APPROPRIATENESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY AND ITS NONINFRINGEMENT OF ANY THIRD PARTYS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. TIA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM
16、S ANY AND ALL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE CONTENTS COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION, OR THE SAFETY OR HEALTH EFFECTS OF THE CONTENTS OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE REFERRED TO IN THE DOCUMENT OR PRODU
17、CED OR RENDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE CONTENTS. TIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY AND ALL DAMAGES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, ARISING FROM OR RELATING TO ANY USE OF THE CONTENTS CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY AND ALL INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES F
18、OR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF TH
19、E USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. Section 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. APPENDIX Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Table 1 Table 2 EIA TIA-455-85A 92 3234600 OS02530 227 TI-85A E“P-85 FIBER OPTIC CABLE TWIST TEST TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTIO
20、N APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS APPARATUS SAMPLING AND SPECIMENS PROCEDURE CALCULATIONS OR INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS DOCUMENTATION SPECIFICATION INFORMATION COMPARISON BETWEEN FOTP-85 AND IEC, ISO, AND CCITT REQUIREMENTS Cable Twisting Apparatus Cable Twisting Apparatus With Alternative Cable Twisting Appara
21、tus Tensioning Applied With Tensioning Applied Recommended Twist Lengths (LI Recommended Tensioning Loads Paqe 1 2 3 5 7 10 10 11 12 6 8 EIA TIA-455-5A 92 3234bOO 0502533 163 = TIA/EA-455-85A Page 1 FOTP-85 FIBER OPTIC CABLE TWIST TEST (From EIA Standards Proposal No. 2371-A, formulated under the co
22、gnizance of TIA FO-6.4, Subcommittee on Fiber Optic Test Methods and Instrumentation, and TIA FO-6.7, Subcommittee on Fiber Optic Cables.) This FOTP is part of the series of test procedures included within Recommended Standard EIA/TIA-455. NOTE : This FOTP was originally published in FOTP-85. EIA RS
23、-455-85 as 0 1. INTRODUION 1.1 Intent. The intent of this test is to establish the ability of a fiber optic cable (or fiber optic cable component, when appropriate) to mechanically withstand twisting. 1.2 Measurements . observed: The following parameters may be measured or (a) (b) The number of brok
24、en fibers caused by twisting. Any change in the outer covering. (cl The change in optical measurement results caused by twisting. For a similar test for fiber optic connecting devices, see FOTP- 3 6. EIA TIA-455-85A 92 3234600 O502512 OTT TIA/EIA-455-85A Page 2 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS specified heGe
25、in: EIA/TIA-455-A The followina documents form a part of this FOTP to the extent “Standard Test Procedures for Fiber Optic Fibers, Cables, Transducers, Sensors, Connecting and Terminating Devices, and Other Fiber Optic Components IV FOTP-13 (EIA-455-13) FOTP-20 (EIA/TIA-455-20A) FOTP-36 (EIA-455-36A
26、) FOTP-46 (EIA/TIA-455-46A) FOTP-53 (EIA/TIA-455-53A) FOTP-61 (EIA/TIA-455-61) FOTP-78 (EIA/TIA-455-78A) CE1 IEC 794-1, Second Ed. Method IEC 794-1-E7 CE1 IEC 794-2, Second Ed. “Visual and Mechanical Inspection of Fiber, Cables, Connectors and/or Other Fiber Optic Devices“ “Measurement of Change in
27、Optical Transmittance “Twist Test for Fiber Optic Connecting Devices“ “Spectral Attenuation Measurement for Long-Length, Graded-Index Optical Fibers“ “Attenuation by Substitution Measurement for Multimode Graded- Index Optical Fibers or Fiber Assemblies Used in Long Length Communications Systems“ “O
28、TDR Measurement of Fiber or Cable Attenuat ion “Spectral Attenuation Cutback Measurement for Single-Mode Optical Fi bers “Optical fibre cables, Part 1: Generic specification“ “Tors i on“ “Optical fibre cables, Part 2: Product specifications“ * in process of preparation. Pending publication of this r
29、evision, use ANSI/EIA RS-455-20. EIA TIA-455-85A 92 3234500 0502513 T3b . TIA/EIA-455-85A Page 3 3. APPARATUS The following apparatus and equipment is required to perform this test: 3.1 misting Apparatus. The twisting apparatus consists essentially of two cable gripping devices or clamps, one fixed
30、and one that can rotate, supported as appropriate, and adjustable as to distance between them. The rotating clamp is connected to suitable turning equipment (e.g., a torquing lever). Any clamp supports used, the gripping devices, and the torquing equipment, shall all be such as to permit access to b
31、oth ends of the cable specimen for optical testing as may be required. Suitable apparatus is illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3, but other substantially equivalent apparatus may also be used. The cable gripping devices shall be such that (1) they may be tightened around the cable sufficient to preve
32、nt movement within the grip, (2) the clamps hold the cable firmly in a straight line, (3) the clamps induce neither localized twisting damage on the cable caused by the inside edge of the clamp nor undue localized concentration of pressure on the cable, and (4) the process of clamping does not induc
33、e any significant or accurately measurable attenuation increase (or no more than a negligible increase) in the specimen. 0 NOTE 1: Split die blocks with tapered openings in various die opening sizes to accommodate varying cable diameters have been found to be suitable as clamps. The opening diameter
34、s shall be sufficient to hold the cable straight in the die without transferring the twist into the die. The die length shall be sufficient to provide adequate gripping surface. Die lengths of at least 30 mm (or 1.25 in.) have been found to provide adequate gripping surface for a small cable having
35、a diameter equal to or less than the die length. 3.2 Tensioning Apparatus. If required by the Detail Specification and/or to minimize specimen bending from a straight configuration, use weights or an appropriate loading mechanism to apply a tensile load to the cable gripping fixture (see Figures 2 a
36、nd 3). Refer to Table 2 for recommended tensioning loads, 3.3 Optical Test Equipment. Use apparatus as described in FOTP-20 for measuring the change in optical transmittance (throughput) of the transmitting fibers. Alternatively, unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, use equipment
37、as described in one of the following FOTPs for measuring attenuation for a particular type of fiber in the cable: EIA TIA-455-85A 72 3234b1313 13502534 972 TIA/EIA-455-85A Page 4 - For multimode: FOTP-46, FOTP-53, or FOTP-61 - For single-mode: FOTP-61 or FOTP-78. Equipment for measuring the transmit
38、tance or attenuation shall be stable throughout the duration of a single pulse and over the period of time required to perform the measurement. Figure 1 Cable Twisting Apparatus Figure 2 Cable Twisting Apparatus with Tensioning Applied FIA TIA-455-85A 92 3234600 05025115 809 TIA/EIA-455-85A Page 5 F
39、igure 3 Alternative Cable Twisting Apparatus With Tensioning Applied 4. SAMPLING AND SPECIMENS 4.1 Specimen - General. The specimen shall be a sample of fiber optic cable having a total length sufficient to permit the appropriate clamping and twisting, long enough to permit optical measurements (if
40、required), and as required by 4.2 and 4.3. (NOTE: Do not confuse the “total specimen length“ with the “twist length. ) EIA TIA-455-5A 92 3234b00 050251b 745 TIA/EIA-455-85A Page 6 4.2 Total Specimen Length. Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, the minimum total specimen length sha
41、ll be as follows: 4.2.1 The total specimen shall be sufficiently long to permit the twisting of the minimum length of cable required by 4.3. 4.2.1.2 For U.S. Military applications only, the total specimen length shall also be not less than 100 times the diameter of the finished specimen cable or not
42、 less than 1 m (39 in. ) , whichever is greater. 4.2.2 When optical measurements (change in optical transmittance or attenuation) must be made, the total specimen length shall also be such that the optical loss in the fiber can be effectively monitored as required by the Detail Specification or by t
43、he referenced optical measurement FOTP, or both. 4.3 Specimen Length to be Wisted. The length of the specimen O to be twisted (LI shall be as specified by the Detail Specification. 4.3.1 If not specified by the Detail Specification, maximum twist length (LI may be selected from Table 1, following, d
44、epending upon type of cable undergoing test: Table 1 Recumended Twist Lengths (L) Cable Typ e Outside Plant Cable Twist Lengths meter (feet) 4 i 13 1 Inside Cable - Riser 2 ( 6-6 1 Inside Cable - Plenum and General Purpose 1 ( 3.3 1 Inside Cable - General Purpose Interconnect 0.3 EIA TIA-455-85A 92
45、m 3234600 050251i7 681 m TIA/EIA-455-85A Page 7 4.3.2 As a practical matter (considering test apparatus limits), the length to be twisted (LI will normally be limited to a maximum of 5 m (15.24 ft). NOTE 2: In specifying specimen length, it shall be recognized that the results of twisting (e.g., num
46、ber of broken fibers, changes in outer covering) will be dependent upon the cable diameter as well as upon the length. The specimen length to be twisted (L) may be called out by specifying an appropriate length-to-diameter ratio for the test specimen. It shall also be recognized . that twisting will
47、 have less effect on lonu lenuths than - - on short lengths. These relationships require further study for optimization of testing. 4.4 Specimen Termination. The specimen may be terminated in a connector at one or at both ends to facilitate optical measurements or to simulate end-use conditions. Whe
48、n terminated in a connector, the fibers, sheath and any strain members or other cable components present shall be clamped in the representative manner for the connector used. (For evaluating the effects of twisting on connectors, refer to FOTP-36.) 5. PROCEDURE 5.1 When a determination of optical me
49、asurement changes is required by the Detail Specification, measure optical output power for the specimen before clamping, following the procedures of FOTP-20, except that the “reference sample“ and “monitor“ fibers of that FOTP shall not be used unless required by the Detail Specification; alternatively, make attenuation measurements following the procedures of FOTP-46, FOTP-53, FOTP-61 or FOTP-78, as appropriate. Record data. 5.2 Install the specimen in the test apparatus such that the test length, L (see Figure 1, 2 and 31, is as required by the Detail Specification. (Also se
