1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 391 Solid-Fuel and Combination-Fuel Central and Supplementary FurnacesUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED
2、 MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL Standard for Safety for Solid-Fuel and Combination-Fuel Central and Supplementary Furnaces, UL 391 Fifth Edition, Dated September 10, 2010 Summary of Topics This revision of ANSI/UL 391 is being issued to
3、 update the title page to reect reaffirmation of ANSI approval. Text that has been changed in any manner or impacted by ULs electronic publishing system is marked with a vertical line in the margin. Changes in requirements are marked with a vertical line in the margin and are followed by an effectiv
4、e date note indicating the date of publication or the date on which the changed requirement becomes effective. The revised requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated April 25, 2014. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
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6、f merchantability or tness for any purpose. In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages, including loss of prots, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or the inability to use this Standard, even if UL or
7、an authorized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall ULs liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim. Users of the electronic versions of ULs Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnif
8、y, and hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonable attorneys fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic Standard on the purchasers computer system. The requirements in this Stand
9、ard are now in effect, except for those paragraphs, sections, tables, gures, and/or other elements of the Standard having future effective dates as indicated in the note following the affected item. The prior text for requirements that have been revised and that have a future effective date are loca
10、ted after the Standard, and are preceded by a SUPERSEDED REQUIREMENTS notice. JUNE 12, 2014 UL 391 tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL JUNE 12, 2014 UL 391 tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FUR
11、THER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 10, 2010 (Title Page Reprinted: June 12, 2014) 1 UL 391 Standard for Solid-Fuel and Combination-Fuel Central and Supplementary Furnaces First Edition July, 1981 Second Edition August, 1991 Third Edition April, 1995 Fourth Edition
12、 October, 2006 Fifth Edition September 10, 2010 This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Fifth edition including revisions through June 12, 2014. The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 391 as a Reaffirmed American National Standard (ANS) occurred on June 12, 2014. ANSI approval for a standar
13、d does not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, Title Page, or effective date information. Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in ULs On-Line Collaborative Standards Development
14、 System (CSDS) at http:/. ULs Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of ULs Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. CO
15、PYRIGHT 2014 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ANSI/UL 391-2006 (R2014)UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 10, 2010 UL 391 2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTI
16、ON WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Scope .6 2 Components 6 3 Units of Measurement .7 4 Undated References 7 5 Glossary .7 CONSTRUCTION 6 General 9 7 Accessibility for Servicing .12 8 Protection of Users and Service Personnel 12 9 Base .15 10 Casings .16 11 Radiation Shields or Lin
17、ers 17 12 Materials in Air-Handling Compartments .17 13 Air Filters 18 14 Combustion Chambers 18 15 Radiators 18 16 Heating Surface Joints 18 17 Baffles.19 18 Flue Collars 20 19 Disposal of Combustion Products .20 20 Dampers, Shutters and Draft Regulators .20 21 Electrical Enclosures 20 21.1 General
18、 .20 21.2 Doors and covers 24 21.3 Field wiring system connections 25 22 Accessibility of Uninsulated Live Parts, Film-Coated Wire and Moving Parts .26 FIELD WIRING 23 General 32 24 Leads and Terminals 34 INTERNAL WIRING 25 General 35 26 Methods .36 27 Short-Circuit Protection 39 28 Separation of Ci
19、rcuits .39 29 Bonding for Grounding 41 ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS 30 General .44 31 Mounting of Electrical Components .45 32 Electrical Insulating Material 46 33 Capacitors .46 SEPTEMBER 10, 2010 UL 391 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FR
20、OM UL 34 Receptacles 46 35 Motors and Motor (Overload) Protection .47 36 Safety Controls and Circuits 52 36.1 General .52 36.2 Fan, limit, and thermostatic damper controls .52 36.3 Supplementary central furnace controls .53 36.4 Primary safety control .53 37 Switches and Controllers 54 SPACINGS 38 H
21、igh-Voltage Circuits 55 39 Low-Voltage Circuits 56 PERFORMANCE 40 General 56 TEST INSTALLATION FOR CENTRAL FURNACES 41 Enclosure 57 42 Chimney Connector .58 43 Supply-and Return-Air Plenums and Ducts Forced-Air Furnace .61 TEST INSTALLATION FOR SUPPLEMENTARY CENTRAL FURNACES 44 General 62 INSTRUMENT
22、ATION 45 Draft 62 46 Fuel Input 63 47 Power Measurement 63 48 Speed Measurement 63 49 Static Pressure .63 50 Temperature Measurement 65 INITIAL TEST CONDITIONS 51 General 68 52 Static Pressures for Tests .69 53 Solid Fuels and Test Firing Procedures 69 53.1 General .69 53.2 Firebrands .69 53.3 Charc
23、oal 72 INITIAL TESTS 54 Combustion Test Oil Burner and Furnace 72 55 Operation Test .73 56 Limit Control Cutout Test 74 56.1 General .74 56.2 Combination oil-red and solid-fuel-red central furnaces 74 SEPTEMBER 10, 2010 UL 391 4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTR
24、IBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 56.3 Solid-fuel-red central furnaces 75 56.4 Supplementary central furnaces 76 TEMPERATURE TESTS 57 General 76 58 Continuous Operation Test .80 58.1 General .80 58.2 Continuous operation .81 58.3 Loss of electrical power .81 58.4 Simultaneous ring .82 59 Air Flow R
25、estriction and Disruption Tests 82 59.1 General .82 59.2 Preparatory test procedures .82 59.3 Restricted inlet test .83 59.4 Fan failure test .83 59.5 Blocked outlet test 83 OTHER TESTS 60 Delayed Oil Ignition Test .83 61 Dielectric Voltage Withstand Test .84 62 Bonding Joint Test 84 63 Bonding Cond
26、uctor Test .85 64 Knockout Security Test 85 65 Lead Stress Test .85 66 Surface Burning Test 85 67 Polymeric Materials Tests 86 67.1 General .86 67.2 Aging test .86 67.3 Flammability test .86 68 Short Circuit Test .87 MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION TESTS 69 General 89 70 Production Line Dielectric Volt
27、age Withstand Tests .89 MARKING 71 Nameplate .90 72 Supplementary .92 73 Instructions 94 Appendix A Standards for ComponentsA1 SEPTEMBER 10, 2010 UL 391 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INTRODUCTION 1 Scope 1.1 These requirem
28、ents apply to manually fueled, solid-fuel-red central furnaces. Included are supplementary central furnaces intended for interconnection with forced-air central furnaces utilizing other fuels, and combination oil-red and solid-fuel-red, forced-air central furnaces. 1.2 The furnaces are intended to b
29、urn solid fuels, such as wood, coal, or any other biomass fuel, as specied by the manufacturer. 1.3 The furnaces are intended for connection to chimneys for residential and building heating appliances in compliance with the Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid Fuel Burning Appliances,
30、 NFPA 211, and intended for installation in compliance with the Standard for Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning Systems, NFPA 90B; and the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70; and applicable mechanical codes such as the BOCA National Mechanical Code, the Standard Mechanical Cod
31、e, and the Uniform Mechanical Code. 1.4 A product that contains features, characteristics, components, materials, or systems new or different from those covered by the requirements in this standard, and that involves a risk of re or of electric shock or injury to persons shall be evaluated using app
32、ropriate additional component and end-product requirements to maintain the level of safety as originally anticipated by the intent of this standard. A product whose features, characteristics, components, materials, or systems conict with specic requirements or provisions of this standard does not co
33、mply with this standard. Revision of requirements shall be proposed and adopted in conformance with the methods employed for development, revision, and implementation of this standard. 2 Components 2.1 Except as indicated in 2.2, a component of a product covered by this standard shall comply with th
34、e requirements for that component. See Appendix A for a list of standards covering components generally used in the products covered by this standard. 2.2 A component need not comply with a specic requirement that: a) Involves a feature or characteristic not needed in the application of the componen
35、t in the product covered by this standard, or b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard. 2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its recognized rating established for the intended conditions of use. 2.4 Specic components are recognized as being incomplete in construction features o
36、r restricted in performance capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding specied limits, and shall be used only under those specic conditions for which they have been recognized. SEPTEMBER 10, 2010 UL 391 6UL COPYRIGHTED
37、 MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 3 Units of Measurement 3.1 If a value for measurement is followed by a value in other units in parentheses, the second value may be only approximate. The rst stated value is the requirement. 4 Undated Refere
38、nces 4.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard. 5 Glossary 5.1 For the purpose of this standard the following denitions apply. 5.2 AIR SHUTTER An adjustable device fo
39、r varying the size of the air inlet or inlets regulating primary air, secondary air, or both. It may be either manually or automatically operated. 5.3 APPLIANCE FLUE The passages within the product that conduct the products of combustion (ue gases) through the product. 5.4 BURNER, OIL A power-operat
40、ed burner that prepares and delivers the oil and all or part of the air by mechanical process in controllable quantities for combustion. 5.5 CHIMNEY CONNECTOR The pipe that connects a fuel-burning product to a chimney. 5.6 COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL, COMBUSTIBLE PRODUCTS, NONCOMBUSTIBLE These terms, as us
41、ed in this standard, are dened in the Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid Fuel- Burning Appliances, NFPA 211. 5.7 CONTROL, LIMIT An automatic control responsive to changes in pressure or temperature and intended to limit the operation of the controlled equipment. 5.8 CONTROL, PRIMARY
42、 SAFETY The automatic control relied upon to reduce the risk of discharge of oil at the burner in case of loss of ignition or loss of ame. 5.9 CONTROL, SAFETY Any automatic control, such as a relay or switch, used in conjunction with other auxiliary equipment to form a safety control system that is
43、relied upon to reduce the risk of re, electric shock, or injury to persons. 5.10 CONTROL, SAFETY COMBUSTION A primary control directly responsive to ame properties. Senses the presence of ame and causes fuel to be shut off in event of loss of ame. 5.11 CONTROL, THERMOSTATIC DAMPER An automatic contr
44、ol responsive to changes in temperature. Usually acts through direct mechanical linkage to reduce or increase the supply of air needed for combustion, thereby regulating the combustion rate and limiting the operation of the product when the product is burning solid fuel. 5.12 CONVENIENCE RECEPTACLE
45、A contact device provided with permanently connected electrical conductors intended for quick and easy connection to a plug attached to a exible electric cord. 5.13 DAMPER A valve or plate that regulates draft or ow of ue gases or inlet combustion air. May be either manually or automatically operate
46、d. SEPTEMBER 10, 2010 UL 391 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 5.14 DRAFT REGULATOR A device that functions to maintain a desired draft in the product by automatically reducing the chimney draft to the desired value. 5.15 ELEC
47、TRICAL CIRCUITS: a) High-Voltage Circuit A circuit involving a potential of not more than 600 volts and having circuit values in excess of those of a low-voltage circuit. b) Low-Voltage Circuit A circuit involving a potential of not more than 30 volts alternating current (42.4 peak or direct current
48、) and supplied by a NEC Class 2 transformer, or by a battery, or by a battery and xed impedance, or by a transformer and xed impedance each of which, as a unit, is either in compliance with requirements for a Class 2 transformer or is otherwise limited to a maximum output of 100 volt-amperes. A circ
49、uit derived by connecting resistance in series with a high-voltage circuit as a means of limiting the voltage and current is not considered a low-voltage circuit. c) Isolated Limited Secondary Circuit A circuit of limited energy output derived from a isolated secondary winding of a transformer having a maximum capacity of 100 volt-amperes and open- circuit secondary voltage rating not exceeding 1000 volts. 5.16 FLOOR PROTECTOR (STOVE MAT) The noncombustible mat
