1、 INCH-POUND MIL-DTL-32378 27 April 2012 DETAIL SPECIFICATION LAMINATE: UNIDIRECTIONAL, REINFORCED, CROSS-PLIED, ARAMID FIBER, PLASTIC ARMOR MATERIAL This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This specification covers an a
2、ramid cross-plied unidirectional fiber-reinforced plastic laminate for use in composite armor systems. 1.2 Classification. Laminates will be of the class and type specified (see 6.2): 1.2.1 Classes. 1.2.1.1 Class A. Homopolymer polypropylene resin. 1.2.1.2 Class B. Aqueous thermoplastic polyurethane
3、. 1.2.2 Types. 1.2.2.1 Type 1. Flat, low pressure (Compression molding) (500 -1000 psi). 1.2.2.2 Type 2. Flat, high pressure ( 1000 psi). Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to: Director, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate,
4、Materials and Manufacturing Technology Branch, Specifications and Standards Office, Attn: RDRL-WMM-D, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5069 or emailed to richard.j.squillacioti.civmail.mil. Since contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using t
5、he ASSIST Online database at https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/. AMSC N/A AREA CMPS DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-DTL-32378 2 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1
6、General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4 or 5 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the comp
7、leteness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3, 4 or 5 of this specification, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Government documents. 2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, s
8、tandards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS MIL-DTL-44050 - Cloth, Ballistic, Aramid MIL-DTL-46593 - Projectile, Ca
9、libers .22, .30, .50, and 20mm, Fragment Simulating DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARDS MIL-STD-662 - V50 Ballistic Test for Armor. MIL-STD-810 - Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Testing. (Copies of these documents are available online at https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/ or
10、 from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.) 2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications. The following other Government documents, drawings and publication form a part of this document to the extent specified herein.
11、Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract. CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS (CFR) 21 CFR 177.1520 - Olefin Polymers (Copies of these documents are available from www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html or U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 9
12、79050, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000.) Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-DTL-32378 3 2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the is
13、sues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract. ASTM INTERNATIONAL ASTM D123 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles ASTM D790 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials ASTM D1238 - Standar
14、d Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion Plastometer ASTM D1777 - Standard Test Method for Thickness of Textile ASTM D1907 - Standard Test Method for Linear density of Yarn (Yarn Number) by the Skein Method ASTM D2563 - Standard Practice for Classifying Visual Defects in Glas
15、s-Reinforced Plastic Laminate Parts ASTM D3776/D3776M - Standard Test Method for Mass per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric ASTM D7269/D7269M - Standard Test Methods for Tensile Test of Aramid Yarns (Copies of the above documents are available from www.astm.org or ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Driv
16、e, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. 2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes appl
17、icable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 First article. When specified (see 6.2), a sample shall be subjected to first article inspection in accordance with 4.3. 3.2 Materials. Materials used shall be in accordance with the manufacturers material
18、s specifications for aramid fabrics. The materials shall be capable of meeting all the operational and environmental requirements specified herein. 3.2.1 Fiber. 3.2.1.1 Class A fiber. The para-aramid yarn used shall be continuous filament, with no air entanglement or texturing and no added twist exc
19、ept for the mild fiber entanglement in the splicing segment of two continuous filament yarns caused by a spool change on a creel, and have the following properties as spun and as specified in Table I. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-M
20、IL-DTL-32378 4 3.2.1.2 Class B fiber. The para-aramid yarn used shall be continuous filament, with no air entanglement or texturing and no added twist except for the mild fiber entanglement in the splicing segment of two continuous filament yarns caused by a spool change on a creel, and have the fol
21、lowing properties as spun and as specified in Table I. 3.2.2 Resin. 3.2.2.1 Class A resin. The raw resin input shall be a nucleated homopolymer polypropylene with a nominal melt mass flow rate of 33-37 g/10 minutes per ASTM D1238 (2.16 kg sample / 230C). The resin shall be acceptable for food contac
22、t per U.S. Food and Drug Administration 21 CFR 177.1520. This requirement is to ensure that the purity of the resin is maintained. The resin content shall be 172% by laminate weight. The resin shall be applied to the fibers at or above its melting temperature and below 525F (274C). The neat resin fl
23、exural modulus in injection molded coupons shall be 200-400 ksi when measured per ASTM D790 at 72F. Table I. Fiber properties, as spun. PROPERTIES CLASS A CLASS B Nominal filament diameter, as measured by photomicrography or calculated from nominal yarn denier, filament count and fiber density 12 1
24、micrometers 12 - 15 micrometers Denier per Option 1 of ASTM D1907, assuming 4.5% moisture regain 2820 54 3050 150 Tenacity per denier per ASTM D7269/D7269M, tested using 1.1 twist multiplier 24.6 2.2 gpd 22.9 2.1 gpd Modulus per denier per ASTM D7269/D7269M, tested using 1.1 twist multiplier 635 100
25、 gpd 555 85 gpd Elongation to break per ASTM D7269/D7269M, tested using 1.1 twist multiplier 3.6 0.5 % 3.7 0.5 % Finish on yarn by weight, tested using analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance. The finish should be surfactant-containing. 0.8 0.3 % 0.9 0.3 % 3.2.2.2 Class B resin. The resin shall be an
26、 aqueous thermoplastic resin with a content of 12.5% 2.0% by laminate weight. The resin shall be a thermoplastic polyester/polyether copolymer polyurethane with the following physical properties: Property Range 100% Modulus 0.5 MPa to 1.0 MPa 300% Modulus 1.5 MPa to 2.5 MPa 500% Modulus 3.0 MPa to 5
27、.0 MPa Elongation at Break 400% to 600% Melting Point 125o C to 145o C Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-DTL-32378 5 3.2.3 Lamina. 3.2.3.1 Class A cross-plied unidirectional lamina. The cross-plied unidirectional lamina shall consis
28、t of two (2) unidirectional reinforced plies, at 90 3 degrees fiber orientation relative to each other, and one fiber direction substantially parallel to the sheet machine direction. The cross-plied unidirectional lamina shall be made from unidirectional tapes of 10-inch or greater nominal width The
29、 unidirectional tape shall have no more than 10 clearly noticeable defects per 100 lin. yds., where defects are defined in Table IIA and the term “clearly noticeable” shall be interpreted to mean visible at normal inspection distance of approximately 3 feet. Table IIA: Defects in Class A lamina. DEF
30、ECTS CONDITION Embedded loose filament bundle 0.5” width Gap, fold or overlap 1/8”x4 length Plastic Inclusion 2 square inches in area 3.2.3.1.1 Areal density. The Class A cross-plied unidirectional lamina shall have an areal density of 0.0712- 0.0752 lbf/ft2347.5 367.0 g/m2as determined by ASTM D377
31、6 /D3776 (option C). 3.2.3.1.2 Thickness of the lamina. The thickness of the Class A lamina shall be 0.013 0.002 inches 0.3302 0.051 mm as determined by ASTM D1777. 3.2.3.2 Class B cross-plied unidirectional lamina. The cross-plied unidirectional laminate shall consist of four (4) unidirectional rei
32、nforced plies, at 0/90/0/90 3 degrees fiber orientation relative to each other, and one fiber direction substantially parallel to the sheet machine direction. 3.2.3.2.1 Areal density. The Class B cross-plied unidirectional lamina shall have an areal density of 0.1045 + 0.002 lbf/ft2510 + 10 g/m2 as
33、determined by ASTM D3776 /D3776 (option C). 3.2.3.2.2 Thickness of the lamina. The thickness of the Class B lamina shall be 0.0185 0.0015 inches 0.470 0.038 mm as determined by ASTM D1777. 3.2.3.3 Ballistic resistance of lamina before molding. 3.2.3.3.1 Class A. The ballistic resistance of lots of 0
34、|90-reinforced Class A lamina shall be tested on a sample from each lot, per section 4.3.2.1. The sample shall consist of two targets, each 10 plies of the 0|90-reinforced lamina, unmolded, with external dimensions 15-inches x 15-inches, laid up so that the reinforcement is 0|9010. The targets may b
35、e taped around the periphery, or tack stitched in the corners, as described in MIL-DTL-44050, paragraph entitled: “Sewing of Ballistic Test Panels (All types)” in section 4, to facilitate handling and maintenance of registry between the layers during testing. No stitching, tape or other materials sh
36、all be in the interior of the targets where they are to be impacted. The minimum V50 shall be 1350 ft/s. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-DTL-32378 6 3.2.3.3.2 Class B. The ballistic resistance of lots of 0|90|0|90-reinforced Class
37、 B lamina shall be tested on a sample from each lot, per section 4.3.2.1. The sample shall consist of two targets, each 10 plies of the 0|90|0|90-reinforced lamina, unmolded, with external dimensions 15-inches x 15-inches, laid up so that the reinforcement is 0|90|0|90. The targets may be taped at t
38、he center of each edge or diagonally stitched across the four corners with a 5- inch line of TEX size 50 aramid thread at 5 to 10 stitches per inch to facilitate handling and maintenance of registry between the layers during testing. No stitching, tape or other materials shall be in the interior of
39、the targets where they are to be impacted. The minimum V50 shall be 1580 ft/s. 3.2.4 Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials. Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials should be used to the maximum extent possible, provided that the material meets or exceeds t
40、he operational and maintenance requirements, and promotes economically advantageous life cycle costs. 3.3 Construction (fabrication) of the laminate. 3.3.1 Dimensions and structure. 3.3.1.1 Classes. 3.3.1.1.1 Class A. The plastic laminates shall be of the dimensions stated in the acquisition documen
41、ts (see 6.2). The laminates shall meet the specified areal density (see 3.3.1.2 and 3.3.1.3) by bonding together in a single molding step with heat and pressure the necessary number of resin-coated aramid lamina (see 3.2.3.1). The laminates shall be built up from lamina with reinforcement gap no gre
42、ater than those described in Table IIA and no edge waste in any individual layer. If the lamina is supplied as a rolled good, the nominal core diameter shall be at least six inches, to mitigate buckling. 3.3.1.1.2 Class B. The plastic laminates shall be of the dimensions stated in the acquisition do
43、cuments (see 6.2). The laminates shall meet the specified areal density (see 3.3.1.2 and 3.3.1.3) by bonding together in a molding step with heat and pressure the necessary number of resin-coated aramid lamina (see 3.2.3.1). Molded panels shall be fabricated from cross ply that is a minimum of 98% d
44、efect free, with defects defined in the Table IIB below. 3.3.1.2 Thickness and flatness variation. The thickness at any point more than one inch from an edge shall not vary from the nominal thickness of the panel by more than +0.015 in. (0.38 mm) for type I and +0.030 in. (0.76 mm) for type II. Vari
45、ation from flatness for each finished panel shall not exceed 0.06 inch per foot (in/ft) (5.00 millimeters per meter (mm/m). Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-DTL-32378 7 Table IIB: Defects in Class B laminate. DEFECTS CONDITION Engl
46、ish Units SI Units Fill Gap 0.23” 6 mm Warp Gap (Space between parallel fibers in the warp direction) 0.05” and 63” 1.3 mm and 160 cm Consolidation Failure (Single area where both plies do not adhere) 0.75” x 0.75” 20 mm x 20 mm Contamination (Single area containing foreign material not typical to p
47、roduct) 0.25” x 0.25” 6.4 mm x 6.4 mm Resin Rich Area (Single area containing an increase amount of resin) 2.0” x 2.0” 50 mm x 50 mm 3.3.1.3 Weights and thicknesses. The unit weight or areal density of the finished laminates (Class A or Class B) shall fall within the ranges established by Figure 1A
48、(Class A) or Figure 1B (Class B) (see 4.3.2.3.2). Laminated plates should be within 5% of the specified nominal areal density, as determined by Section 4.3.2.3.2. Figure 1A. Weight and Thickness Variations of the Finished Laminate for Class A. Maximum thickness (in) = 0.1673 (Areal Density, lbf/ft2)
49、Minimum thickness (in) = 0.1425 (Areal Density, lbf/ft2)0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.60 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Areal Density (lbf/ft2)Mean Thickness (in).minimum thicknessmaximum thicknessProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-DTL-32378 8 Figure
