1、ASD-STAN STANDARD NORME ASD-STAN ASD-STAN NORM prEN 4706 Edition P 1 March 2015 PUBLISHED BY THE AEROSPACE AND DEFENCE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF EUROPE - STANDARDIZATION Rue Montoyer 10 - 1000 Brussels - Tel. 32 2 775 8126 - Fax. 32 2 775 8131 - www.asd-stan.org ICS: Descriptors: ENGLISH VERSION Aer
2、ospace series LED colour and brightness ranking Srie arospatiale Classement de couleur et brillance des LED Luft- und Raumfahrt LED Farb- und Helligkeitsklassifizierung This “Aerospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the responsibility of ASD-STAN (The AeroSpace and Defence Industries As
3、sociation of Europe - Standardization). It is published for the needs of the European Aerospace Industry. It has been technically approved by the experts of the concerned Domain following member comments. Subsequent to the publication of this Prestandard, the technical content shall not be changed t
4、o an extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identification of the standard. After examination and review by users and formal agreement of ASD-STAN, it will be submitted as a draft European Standard (prEN) to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) for
5、 formal vote and transformation to full European Standard (EN). The CEN national members have then to implement the EN at national level by giving the EN the status of a national standard and by withdrawing any national standards conflicting with the EN. Edition approved for publication 1st March 20
6、15 Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to ASD-STAN Electrical Domain Copyright 2015 by ASD-STAN prEN 4706:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction . 3 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 4 4 Chromaticity classification
7、 . 6 5 Brightness classification 9 6 Colour rendering classification 10 Annex A (normative) Colour coordinates of the standardized chromatics .11 A.1 Standardized chromaticity S 6500 .11 A.2 Standardized chromaticity S 5700 .12 A.3 Standardized chromaticity S 5000 .13 A.4 Standardized chromaticity S
8、 4500 .14 A.5 Standardized chromaticity S 4000 .15 A.6 Standardized chromaticity S 3500 .16 A.7 Standardized chromaticity S 3000 .17 A.8 Standardized chromaticity S 2700 .18 Foreword This standard was reviewed by the Domain Technical Coordinator of ASD-STANs Electrical Domain. After inquiries and vo
9、tes carried out in accordance with the rules of ASD-STAN defined in ASD-STANs General Process Manual, this standard has received approval for Publication. prEN 4706:2015 (E) 3 Introduction The chromaticities and brightness of LEDs of the same type have variations caused by the manufacturing process;
10、 this applies to white LEDs and coloured (monochrome) LEDs. Therefore LEDs have to be selected by the manufacturer into “Colour ranks”. Also the brightness of LEDs has certain variations, therefore the LEDs are also selected into “Brightness ranks”. The step width of these ranking systems depends on
11、 the manufacturer and the LED type. For certain applications, e.g. inside an aircraft cabin, a high quality light is demanded, so a manufacturer independent standardization is desirable. The purpose of this standard is to provide a simple classification system to enable the end user to define lighti
12、ng colour accuracy. The decimal sign in this document is a comma. 1 Scope This standard defines selection ranks for LED Luminaires, and LEDs including OLEDs for the use in aircraft lighting. The size of these ranks is defined by the use of grades. This standard is valid for photopic light levels onl
13、y. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any am
14、endments) applies. IEC 60050-845:1987, International electrotechnical vocabulary Chapter 845: Lighting IEC 60081 Edition 5.1:2002, Double-capped fluorescent lamps Performance specifications NEMA ANSLG C78.377:2011, American National Standard for Electric Lamps Specifications for the Chromaticity of
15、Solid State Lighting (SSL) Products 1) CIE 013.3:1995, Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources 2) D. L. MacAdam, Specification of small chromaticity differences 3) 1) Published by National Electrical Manufactures Association (NEMA), 1300 North 17th Street, Sui
16、te 1752, Rosslyn, Virginia 22209, USA. 2) Published by International Commission on Illumination (CIE), Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. 3) Published in the Journal of the Optical Society of America, vol 32, No. 5, May 1942, pp 247-274, and in vol 1, No. 1, Jan. 1943, pp 18-26. prEN 4706:2015 (
17、E) 4 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this standard, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply. 3.1 Light Emitting Diode LED solid state device embodying a p-n junction, emitting optical radiation when excited by an electric current 3.2 Organic Light Emitting
18、 Diode OLED organic solid state device embodying a p-n junction, emitting optical radiation when excited by an electric current 3.3 Colour space description model to define colours in a two-dimensional (colour without intensity, e.g. xy space CIE 1931) or three-dimensional space, (colour and intensi
19、ty, e.g. Yxy CIE 1931) 3.4 LED luminaire device based on LEDs as light source including optics, electronics and cooling equipment enclosed in a housing 3.5 CIE 1931 colour space description of a two-dimensional colour space for light colours Note 1 to entry: In the CIE 1931 diagram the colour coordi
20、nates x and y describe the colours position in the diagram. For this standard the CIE 1931 2 observer is applicable. 3.6 Colour coordinates Chromaticity two- or three-dimensional data representation of the colour in the corresponding colour space, e.g. x and y for the CIE 1931 3.7 MacAdam ellipses a
21、rea in the corresponding colour space (e.g. CIE 1931) in which all colours have the same visual impression to an observer as the colour in the centre of this area Note 1 to entry: The borderline of the ellipse represents the just noticeable colour difference. Based on experimental data, originally 2
22、5 MacAdam ellipses were defined in the CIE 1931 colour space. The experiment was, that an observer had a given colour and was able to modify the chromaticity of a second colour. The colour coordinates, where the observer determined a difference between the two colours were recorded. When all these p
23、oints were plotted in the CIE 1931 diagram, they created an ellipse around the colour coordinates of the given colour. The size and the orientation of the ellipses are different for different colours. SOURCE: D. L. MacAdam prEN 4706:2015 (E) 5 3.8 Standard deviation of colour matching SDCM metric of
24、 the distance between light colours at photopic light level, that describes approximately the perceptual distance between two colour coordinates as a multiple of the MacAdam ellipses for these colour coordinates Note 1 to entry: n SDCM means that the distance between the two colour coordinates is n-
25、times the radius of the appropriate MacAdam ellipse in that direction. The centre of the ellipse is given by the colour coordinates of one of the colours. Two colour coordinates on opposite points of the MacAdam ellipse have a distance of (2 n) SDCM. The SDCM calculation between two colour coordinat
26、es may be non-linear, dependent on the selected colour space. Therefore distances are limited to less than 10 SDCM. Note 2 to entry: For this document the calculated data from the MacAdam ellipses has been used. 3.9 Colour distance R perceived colour distance between any colour coordinates and the t
27、arget colour coordinate in the corresponding colour space which is expressed in SDCM values Note 1 to entry: The maximum colour distance between any two chromaticities is the full diameter 2 R of the corresponding n-times scaled MacAdam ellipse: R is the function which describes the radius of an n-t
28、imes scaled MacAdam ellipse: R n SDCM Figure 1 shows the colour distance in a n SDCM ellipse. Key 1 Target colour coordinate 2 Colour 1 3 Colour 2 4 Colour 3 5 Limit R n SDCM Figure 1 Colour distance in a n SDCM ellipse prEN 4706:2015 (E) 6 3.10 Colour temperature CT temperature of a Planckian radia
29、tor whose radiation has the same chromaticity as that of a given stimulus (unit: K) SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987 3.11 Correlated colour temperature CCT temperature of the Planckian radiator whose perceived colour most closely resembles that of a given stimulus at the same brightness and under specifie
30、d viewing conditions (unit: K) SOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987 3.12 Colour rendering index CRI quantitative measure of the ability of a light source to reproduce the colours of a specified set of eight test colour samples in comparison with an ideal or natural light source as described in CIE 013.3:1995
31、Note 1 to entry: The average colour rendering index for R1 to R8 is described with Ra. 3.13 Colour R9 additional red test colour sample complementing CRI value 4 Chromaticity classification 4.1 Colour coordinates of white LEDs The notation of a chromaticity consists of the letter “S” (for Solid Stat
32、e Lighting) and the value of the adjacent colour temperature, e.g. “S 4000”. The colour coordinates are derived from the intersection between the Judds isotemperature lines (colour temperature line) and the black body curve. The standardized chromaticities for white LEDs have the colour coordinates
33、x and y from CIE 1931, see Table 1. In IEC 60081:2002 and NEMA ANSLG C78.377:2011 similar values are defined for x and y, but that standard does not include coordinates for all chromaticities listed in Table 1. A short code is proposed for product labelling. Table 1 Colour Coordinates of white LEDs
34、Standardized chromaticity and short code CCT Kelvin x y Name S 6500 6 500 0,314 0,324 daylight S 5700 5 700 0,329 0,342 S 5000 5 000 0,345 0,352 neutral white S 4500 4 500 0,361 0,364 S 4000 4 000 0,380 0,377 warm white S 3500 3 500 0,405 0,391 S 3000 3 000 0,437 0,404 S 2700 2 700 0,460 0,411 incan
35、descent prEN 4706:2015 (E) 7 4.2 Colour tolerances of monochromatic LEDs The chromaticity of monochromatic LEDs in lighting units may be application specific and the chromaticity in RGB applications is usually adjustable, so in some applications the exact chromaticity is less important than the colo
36、ur distance between different lighting units. In special applications it is necessary that different lighting units always produce a specific colour. The names of these colours and their wavelength intervals are listed in Table 2. The provided tolerances apply for any specific dominant wavelength wi
37、thin the defined intervals. Table 2 Monochromatic LED tolerance classification Dominant wavelength tolerance nm Colour Wavelength interval nm n 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 6 6 Short code C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 blue 420 to 490 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 12 cyan 490 to 510 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 12 green 510 to 565 1 2 3 4 5 6 12
38、 12 yellow 565 to 590 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 6 6 amber 590 to 615 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 12 red 615 to 700 1,5 3 4,5 6 7,5 9 18 18 4.3 Colour distance The colour distance is stated in R. The colour distance is divided into grades, which are listed in Table 3. A short code can be used for product labelling. Table
39、 3 Colour locus tolerance classification SDCM R 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 6 6 Short code C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 Figure 2 shows some colour distances for S 4000 as examples. Figure 3 shows the relation between 3 SDCM and F 6. The SDCM value corresponds to the radius of the ellipse, while the F value corresp
40、onds to the diameter of the ellipse. In the Annex A all F ellipses of the white colour coordinates listed in Table 1 are shown. F 2 R where R is the colour distance. prEN 4706:2015 (E) 8 Key 1 S 4000 with F 6 ( 3 SDCM) 2 S 4000 with F 4 ( 2 SDCM) 3 S 4000 with F 2 ( 1 SDCM) Figure 2 Example of some
41、colour distances for S 4000 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 9 Key 1 S 4000 with F 6 ( 3 SDCM) 2 Example for F 6 3 Example for 3 SDCM Figure 3 S 4000 with F 6 5 Brightness classification The brightness tolerance is stated in percent of the photometrical light output at maximum brightness settings (e.g. luminous f
42、lux or luminous intensity). The brightness tolerance is divided into grades, which are listed in Table 4. A short code for product labelling is proposed. Table 3 Brightness tolerance grades Tolerance % Short code 1 B1 2 B2 5 B3 10 B4 20 B5 50 B6 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 10 6 Colour rendering classificatio
43、n The colour rendering is stated as a CRI value and is applicable for white light as described in 4.1. The quality of the colour rendering has six grades, which are listed in Table 5. A short code for product labelling is proposed. For CRI 90 the R9 colour (red) value shall be reported as well. Tabl
44、e 4 Colour rendering grades CRI R9 Short code 95 60 R1 90 R2 85 - R3 80 - R4 70 - R5 70 - R6 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 11 Annex A (normative) Colour coordinates of the standardized chromatics The Annex A shows the colour coordinates of the standardized chromatics in Figure A.1 to Figure A.8. The parameters
45、 of the MacAdam ellipses are according to D. L. MacAdam, Specification of small chromaticity differences. A.1 Standardized chromaticity S 6500 Key 1 S 6500 with 0,5 SDCM 2 S 6500 with 1,0 SDCM 3 S 6500 with 1,5 SDCM 4 S 6500 with 2,0 SDCM 5 S 6500 with 2,5 SDCM 6 S 6500 with 3,0 SDCM Figure A.1 S 65
46、00 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 12 A.2 Standardized chromaticity S 5700 Key 1 S 5700 with 0,5 SDCM 2 S 5700 with 1,0 SDCM 3 S 5700 with 1,5 SDCM 4 S 5700 with 2,0 SDCM 5 S 5700 with 2,5 SDCM 6 S 5700 with 3,0 SDCM Figure A.2 S 5700 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 13 A.3 Standardized chromaticity S 5000 Key 1 S 5000 with 0
47、,5 SDCM 2 S 5000 with 1,0 SDCM 3 S 5000 with 1,5 SDCM 4 S 5000 with 2,0 SDCM 5 S 5000 with 2,5 SDCM 6 S 5000 with 3,0 SDCM Figure A.3 S 5000 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 14 A.4 Standardized chromaticity S 4500 Key 1 S 4500 with 0,5 SDCM 2 S 4500 with 1,0 SDCM 3 S 4500 with 1,5 SDCM 4 S 4500 with 2,0 SDCM 5 S
48、4500 with 2,5 SDCM 6 S 4500 with 3,0 SDCM Figure A.4 S 4500 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 15 A.5 Standardized chromaticity S 4000 Key 1 S 4000 with 0,5 SDCM 2 S 4000 with 1,0 SDCM 3 S 4000 with 1,5 SDCM 4 S 4000 with 2,0 SDCM 5 S 4000 with 2,5 SDCM 6 S 4000 with 3,0 SDCM Figure A.5 S 4000 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 16 A.6 Standardized chromaticity S 3500 Key 1 S 3500 with 0,5 SDCM 2 S 3500 with 1,0 SDCM) 3 S 3500 with 1,5 SDCM) 4 S 3500 with 2,0 SDCM) 5 S 3500 with 2,5 SDCM) 6 S 3500 with 3,0 SDCM) Figure A.6 S 3500 prEN 4706:2015 (E) 17 A.7 Standardized chromaticity S 3000 Key 1 S 3000 with 0,5 S
