1、ASD-STAN STANDARD NORME ASD-STAN ASD-STAN NORM ASD-STAN prEN 4731 Edition P 1 September 2016 PUBLISHED BY THE AEROSPACE AND DEFENCE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF EUROPE - STANDARDIZATION Rue Montoyer 10 - 1000 Brussels - Tel. 32 2 775 8126 - Fax. 32 2 775 8131 - www.asd-stan.org ICS: Descriptors: ENGLIS
2、H VERSION Aerospace series Spectral quality of LED luminaires used with photoluminescent marking systems Luft- und Raumfahrt Spektrale Qualitt von LED Leuchten zur Verwendung mit langnachleuchtenden Markierungssystemen Srie arospatiale Qualit spectrale des diodes lectroluminescentes appliques aux sy
3、stmes de marquage photoluminescents This “Aerospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the responsibility of ASD-STAN (The AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization). It is published for the needs of the European Aerospace Industry. It has been technically app
4、roved by the experts of the concerned Domain following member comments. Subsequent to the publication of this Prestandard, the technical content shall not be changed to an extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identification of the standard. After examina
5、tion and review by users and formal agreement of ASD-STAN, the ASD-STAN prEN will be submitted as a draft European Standard (prEN) to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) for formal vote and transformation to full European Standard (EN). The CEN national members have then to implement the EN
6、 at national level by giving the EN the status of a national standard and by withdrawing any national standards conflicting with the EN. ASD-STAN Technical Committee approves that: “This document is published by ASD-STAN for the needs of the European Aerospace Industry. The use of this standard is e
7、ntirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” ASD-STAN reviews each standard and technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, st
8、abilized or cancelled. ASD-STAN invites you to send your written comments or any suggestions that may arise. All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
9、 or otherwise, without prior written permission of ASD-STAN. Order details: E-mail: salesasd-stan.org Web address: http:/www.asd-stan.org/ Edition approved for publication 1st September 2016 Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to ASD-STAN Electrical Domain Copyrig
10、ht 2016 ASD-STAN prEN 4731:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 4 4 Spectral quality 6 Annex A (informative) Approximated excitation spectrum . 9 A.1 General 9 A.2 Approximated excitation spectrum A() for typic
11、al photoluminescent pigments based on strontium aluminate . 9 Annex B (informative) Examples of different light spectra . 10 B.1 Example for a single colour LED luminaire 10 B.2 Example for a multi-colour LED luminaire (white primary mixed with blue primary) 11 B.3 Example for a multi-colour LED lum
12、inaire (all RGBW primaries are mixed) 12 B.4 Example for a bi-colour LED luminaire (white and amber primaries are mixed) . 13 B.5 Example for a bi-colour LED luminaire (white and amber primaries are mixed) . 14 Foreword This standard was reviewed by the Domain Technical Coordinator of ASD-STANs Elec
13、trical Domain. After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of ASD-STAN defined in ASD-STANs General Process Manual, this standard has received approval for Publication. prEN 4731:2016 (E) 3 Introduction Photoluminescent marking systems are commonly used in passenger airplanes
14、to provide visual guidance in emergency events. Those marking systems need to be charged by ambient light during cabin preparation and/ or aircraft operation as to be operational if, at any phase of a flight, an emergency occurs. While the certification regulations require photoluminescent marking s
15、ystem to be sufficiently charged solely by cabin interior lighting, i.e. without accounting for daylight entering the cabin through windows, only certain portions of the visual light spectrum emitted by a cabin interior luminaire are stored by the photoluminescent pigment and thus contribute to char
16、ging. prEN 4731:2016 (E) 4 1 Scope This standard defines a measure for the spectral quality of LED luminaires in terms of the ratio of the amount of visual light emitted by the luminaire versus the amount effective for charging photoluminescent products contained in that spectrum. Fulfilment of this
17、 standard by a LED luminaire will ensure general compatibility of the luminaire with photoluminescent marking systems. This standard alone does not provide any means of compliance to fulfil any airworthiness requirements. For a specific aircraft installation, the spectral power distribution and illu
18、minance at the photoluminescent marking systems are relevant. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
19、latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 4706, Aerospace series LED colour and brightness ranking 1) CIE 018.2:1983, The basis of physical photometry 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and
20、 abbreviations apply. 3.1 Light Emitting Diode LED solid state device embodying a p-n junction, emitting optical radiation when excited by an electric current 3.2 single colour LED luminaire luminaire using one or more LEDs as source of light whereas the luminaire is designed to operate in a single
21、colour mode only 3.3 multiple colour LED luminaire luminaire using two or more LEDs as source of light whereas the LEDs are of at least two different primary wavelengths and the luminaire is designed to operate in two or more colour modes by controlling the light output of the different primaries in
22、dependently 1) Published as ASD-STAN Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard by AeroSpace and Defence industries Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN) (www.asd-stan.org) prEN 4731:2016 (E) 5 3.4 spectral irradiance E() function that relates the spectral irradiance E of a
23、 light source to the wavelength Note 1 to entry: The functions unit is W/m/nm. 3.5 photopic luminosity function V() function that relates the average spectral sensitivity of human visual perception of brightness at photopic light levels to the wavelength Note 1 to entry: Published by the Commission
24、Internationale de Lclairage (CIE) in steps of one nanometer with document CIE 018.2:1983. 3.6 photometrically weighted spectral irradiance EV() function that is the product of spectral irradiance E() and photopic luminosity function V(), and that relates the photometrically weighted spectral irradia
25、nce to the wavelength Note 1 to entry: The function spectral irradiances unit is W/m/nm. 3.7 photometrically weighted irradiance EV integral of the photometrically weighted spectral irradiance EV() over the visual portion of the spectrum in the range of 360 nm to 780 nm Note 1 to entry: = ()=780=360
26、 Note 2 to entry: The functions unit is W/m. Note 3 to entry: The photometrically weighted irradiance EV is proportional to the brightness perceived by the human eye or to the reading taken by a luxmeter. The range of 781 nm to 830 nm is neglected for simplicity. 3.8 approximated excitation spectrum
27、 for typical photoluminescent pigments based on strontium aluminate A() linear function that represents an approximation of the spectral excitation sensitivity of common strontium aluminate (e.g. SrAl2O4) photoluminescent pigments related to the wavelength Note 1 to entry: () = 1130 +3,7692 valid fo
28、r: is element of 360 nm to 490 nm Note 2 to entry: Annex A illustrates the approximated excitation spectrum A(). prEN 4731:2016 (E) 6 3.9 approximated weighted spectral excitation irradiance EA() function that is the product of spectral irradiance E() and approximated excitation spectrum A(), and th
29、at relates the approximated weighted spectral excitation irradiance to the wavelength Note 1 to entry: The functions unit is W/m/nm. 3.10 approximated weighted excitation irradiance EA integral of the approximated weighted spectral excitation irradiance EA() over the portion of the spectrum that con
30、tributes to charging Note 1 to entry: = ()=490=360 Note 2 to entry: The functions unit is W/m. 3.11 excitation coefficient Ce quotient that results from dividing the approximated weighted excitation irradiance EA by the sum of approximated weighted excitation irradiance and the photometrically weigh
31、ted irradiance EV Note 1 to entry: Ce = EA/(EA+EV) Ce is element of 0 to 1 Note 2 to entry: The excitation coefficient indicates the spectral quality of a light source in view of charging strontium aluminate pigments relative to its brightness as perceived by the human eye or measured with a luxmete
32、r. The bigger Ce is, the more effective is the light source with respect to charging of photoluminescent material. 4 Spectral quality 4.1 Method for determination of Ce for a luminaire 4.1.1 Single colour LED luminaires The excitation coefficient Ce for single colour LED luminaires shall be determin
33、ed according to the following steps: 1. Record the luminaires spectral irradiance E() in steps of 1 nanometer (1 nm) in a steady state condition with a spectrometer in the wavelength range of 360 nm to 780 nm and an optical bandwidth not greater than 5 nm; 2. Calculate the photometrically weighted s
34、pectral irradiance EV() by multiplying the spectral irradiance E() and photopic luminosity function V() in steps of every nanometer; 3. Calculate the approximated weighted spectral excitation irradiance EA() by multiplying the spectral irradiance E() and the approximated excitation spectrum A() in s
35、teps of every nanometer; 4. Calculate the photometrically weighted irradiance EV within in the range of 360 nm to 780 nm; prEN 4731:2016 (E) 7 5. Calculate the approximated weighted excitation irradiance EA within the range of 360 nm to 490 nm; 6. Calculate Ce by dividing the approximated weighted e
36、xcitation irradiance EA by the sum of EA and photometrically weighted irradiance EV. 4.1.2 Multiple colour LED luminaires The excitation coefficient Ce for multiple colour LED Luminaires shall be determined according to the following steps: 1. Define the parameters of a colour scenario that is dedic
37、ated to charging photoluminescent products; 2. Record the luminaires spectral irradiance E() in steps of 1 nanometer (1 nm) with the luminaire set to the colour scenario defined per step 1 in a steady state condition with a spectrometer in the wavelength range of 360 nm to 780 nm and an optical band
38、width not greater than 5 nm; 3. Calculate the photometrically weighted spectral irradiance EV() by multiplying the spectral irradiance E() and photopic luminosity function V() in steps of every nanometer; 4. Calculate the approximated weighted spectral excitation irradiance EA() by multiplying the s
39、pectral irradiance E() and the approximated excitation spectrum A() in steps of every nanometer; 5. Calculate the photometrically weighted irradiance EV within in the range of 360 nm to 780 nm; 6. Calculate the approximated weighted excitation irradiance EA within the range of 360 nm to 490 nm; 7. C
40、alculate Ce by dividing the approximated weighted excitation irradiance EA by the sum of EA and photometrically weighted irradiance EV. 4.1.3 Examples of different light spectra Annex B shows examples of different light spectra emitted by luminaires and the correlated values for the excitation coeff
41、icient Ce. 4.2 Requirement 4.2.1 Ce classification The Ce classification shall be done according to Table 1. prEN 4731:2016 (E) 8 Table 1 Ce classification Classification Charging properties for luminaries materials Ce A Excellent 0,140 Ce B Good 0,100 Ce 0,140 C Limited 0,060 Ce 0,100 D Poor 0 Ce 0
42、,060 NOTE Ce of 0,100 represents comparable charging effectiveness compared to conventional 3 000 K fluorescent tubes. 4.2.2 Labelling The value for Ce shall be given in the luminaires product data sheet with three decimal figures. In case of multiple colour luminaires, the claimed values for Ce sha
43、ll be accompanied by the parameters that define the colour scenario to which the claimed value of Ce corresponds. Multiple claims of colour scenario and correlated Ce are permissible. As a minimum, for comparison purpose, a Ce of S4000 according to EN 4706 setting is required. prEN 4731:2016 (E) 9 A
44、nnex A (informative) Approximated excitation spectrum A.1 General The Annex A shows the standardized approximated excitation spectrum for typical photoluminescent pigments based on strontium aluminate (e.g. SrAl2O4) A() in comparison to the actual excitation spectrum of an exemplary photoluminescent
45、 pigment based on SrAl2O4. A.2 Approximated excitation spectrum A() for typical photoluminescent pigments based on strontium aluminate Figure A.1 shows the approximated excitation spectrum for typical photoluminescent pigments based on strontium aluminate (e.g. SrAl2O4) A(). Key X Wavelength in nm Y
46、 Excitation sensitivity 1 Typical excitation spectrum of an example SrAl2O4 pigment 2 Approximated excitation spectrum for typical pigments based on strontium aluminate Figure A.1 Approximated excitation spectrum for typical photoluminescent pigments based on strontium aluminate (e.g. SrAl2O4) A() p
47、rEN 4731:2016 (E) 10 Annex B (informative) Examples of different light spectra B.1 Example for a single colour LED luminaire Figure B.1 shows an example for a single colour LED luminaire with Ce = 0,143. Key X Wavelength in nm Y Spectral irradiance in W/m2/nm 1 Single colour LED luminaire Figure B.1
48、 Example for a single colour LED luminaire with Ce = 0,143 prEN 4731:2016 (E) 11 B.2 Example for a multi-colour LED luminaire (white primary mixed with blue primary) Figure B.2 shows an example for a multi-colour LED luminaire (white primary mixed with blue primary) with Ce = 0,182. Key X Wavelength
49、 in nm Y Spectral irradiance in W/m2/nm 1 Multi colour LED luminaire Figure B.2 Example for a multi-colour LED luminaire (white primary mixed with blue primary) with Ce = 0,182 prEN 4731:2016 (E) 12 B.3 Example for a multi-colour LED luminaire (all RGBW primaries are mixed) Figure B.3 shows an exampl
