1、 ASCE STANDARD ASCE/SEI 37-14 American Society of Civil Engineers Design Loads on Structures during Construction This document uses both the International System of Units (SI) and customary units. Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers ffirs01.indd iffirs01.indd i 1/28/2015 5:07:41 PM1
2、/28/2015 5:07:41 PMLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Design loads on structures during construction / American Society of Civil Engineers. pages cm “ASCE/SEI 37-14.” Includes index. ISBN 978-0-7844-1309-8 (soft cover : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-7844-7869-1 (pdf) 1. BuildingsStandards.
3、2. Strains and stressesStandards. I. American Society of Civil Engineers. TH420.D47 2015 624.1 76dc23 2014046422 Published by American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia, 20191-4382 www.asce.org/bookstore | ascelibrary.org This standard was developed by a consensus
4、 standards development process that has been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Accreditation by ANSI, a voluntary accreditation body representing public and private sector standards development organizations in the United States and abroad, signifi es that the standards
5、 development process used by ASCE has met the ANSI requirements for openness, balance, consensus, and due process. While ASCE s process is designed to promote standards that refl ect a fair and reasoned consensus among all interested participants, while preserving the public health, safety, and welf
6、are that is paramount to its mission, it has not made an independent assessment of and does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, appa-ratus, product, or process discussed herein. ASCE does not intend, nor should anyone interpret, ASCE s standards to rep
7、lace the sound judgment of a competent professional, having knowledge and experience in the appropriate fi eld(s) of practice, nor to substitute for the standard of care required of such professionals in interpreting and applying the contents of this standard. ASCE has no authority to enforce compli
8、ance with its standards and does not undertake to certify products for compliance or to render any professional services to any person or entity. ASCE disclaims any and all liability for any personal injury, property damage, fi nancial loss, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, including witho
9、ut limitation any direct, indirect, special, exemplary, or consequential damages, resulting from any person s use of, or reliance on, this standard. Any individual who relies on this standard assumes full responsibility for such use. ASCE and American Society of Civil EngineersRegistered in U.S. Pat
10、ent and Trademark Offi ce. Photocopies and permissions. Permission to photocopy or reproduce material from ASCE publications can be requested by sending an e-mail to permissionsasce.org or by locating a title in ASCE s Civil Engineering Database ( http:/cedb.asce.org ) or ASCE Library ( http:/asceli
11、brary.org ) and using the “Permissions” link. Errata: Errata, if any, can be found at http:/dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413098 . Copyright 2015 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-7844-1309-8 (soft cover) ISBN 978-0-7844-7869-1 (PDF) Manufactured in the United S
12、tates of America. 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 1 2 3 4 5 ffirs02.indd iiffirs02.indd ii 1/28/2015 5:07:43 PM1/28/2015 5:07:43 PMiiiASCE STANDARDS In 2006, the Board of Direction approved the revision to the ASCE Rules for Standards Committees to govern the writing and maintenance of standards developed b
13、y the Society. All such standards are developed by a consensus standards process managed by the Society s Codes and Standards Committee (CSC). The consensus process includes balloting by a balanced standards committee made up of Society members and nonmembers, balloting by the membership of the Soci
14、ety as a whole, and balloting by the public. All standards are updated or reaffi rmed by the same process at intervals not exceeding fi ve years. A complete list of currently available standards is avail-able in the ASCE Library ( http:/ascelibrary.org/page/books/s-standards ). ffirs03.indd iiiffirs
15、03.indd iii 1/28/2015 5:07:44 PM1/28/2015 5:07:44 PMffirs03.indd ivffirs03.indd iv 1/28/2015 5:07:44 PM1/28/2015 5:07:44 PMvCONTENTSASCE STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiPREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix1.0 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1
17、Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Basic Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . 11.4 Alternate Criteria for Design Loads during Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.0 LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 Loads Specifi ed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 Load Combinations and Load Factors for Strength Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 Allowable Stress Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.0 DEAD AND LIVE LOADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.1 Dead Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2 Live Loads . . . . . . . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.0 CONSTRUCTION LOADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.1 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.2 M
22、aterial Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.3 Personnel and Equipment Load, Cp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.4 Horizontal Construction Load, CH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . 164.5 Erection and Fitting Forces, CF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.6 Equipment Reactions, CR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.7 Form Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184.8 Application of Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.0 LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.1 Defi nition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.2 Determination of Lateral Earth Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256.0 ENVIRONMENTAL LOADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.1 Risk Category . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286.2 Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286.3 Thermal Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.4
27、 Snow Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.5 Earthquake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336.6 Rain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . 346.7 Ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37ftoc.indd vftoc.indd v 1/28/2015 5:07:49 PM1/2
29、8/2015 5:07:49 PMftoc.indd viftoc.indd vi 1/28/2015 5:07:49 PM1/28/2015 5:07:49 PMviiThe material presented in this publication has been pre-pared in accordance with recognized engineering princi-ples. This Standard and Commentary should not be used without fi rst securing competent advice with resp
30、ect to their suitability for any given application. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a rep-resentation or warranty on the part of the American Society of Civil Engineers, or of any person named herein, that this information is suitable for any general or particular
31、 use or promises freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability from such use. Earlier drafts of this Standard and Commentary were reviewed and balloted several times by the full Standards Committee. The votes and comments returned by
32、the members were reviewed and their proposed resolutions developed by the appropriate subcommittees. The result-ing approved changes in the text are included in this volume. Some of the provisions were adopted from other codes, standards, regulations, and specifi cations; some refl ect pre-vailing i
33、ndustry design and construction practices; some PREFACE grew out of the experiences, practices, and opinions of members of the Committee; and some others were devel-oped through research conducted specifi cally for this Standard by members of the Committee. Preparation of a standard for Design Loads
34、 on Struc-tures during Construction and its outline were originally proposed to ASCE by Robert T. Ratay in 1987, resulting in the fi rst edition of the Standard published in 2002 as ASCE/SEI 37-02, Design Loads on Structures during Con-struction . The Committee, through its subcommittees, has been w
35、orking on the development of a revision to the Standard to embrace comments, recommendations, and experiences since the original 2002 edition, and to supple-ment the loading requirements of ASCE/SEI 7-10 , Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures , since the latter does not include re
36、quirements for loads during con-struction. The environmental loads provisions of this ASCE/SEI 37-14 have been aligned with those of ASCE/SEI 7-10 and adjusted for the duration of the construction period. Final committee balloting was completed, and public comments solicited and resolved in mid-2014
37、. fpref.indd viifpref.indd vii 1/28/2015 5:07:47 PM1/28/2015 5:07:47 PMfpref.indd viiifpref.indd viii 1/28/2015 5:07:47 PM1/28/2015 5:07:47 PMixDesign Loads on Structures during Construction , Standard ASCE/SEI 37-14, was developed over a period of several years by the Design Loads on Structures dur
38、ing Construc-tion Standard Committee of the Codes and Standards Activities Division (CSAD) of the Structural Engineering Institute (SEI), and of the Codes and Standards Activities ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Robert T. Ratay, Ph.D., P.E., F.SEI, F.ASCE, Chair Cosema E. Crawford, P.E., M.ASCE John S. Deerkoski, P
39、.E., S.E., P.P., F.ASCE, Chapter 4 Subcommittee Co-Chair John F. Duntemann, P.E., S.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 2 Subcommittee Chair Donald Dusenberry, P.E., F.ASCE, F.SEI Alan Fisher, P.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 4 Subcommittee Co-Chair Noel J. Gardner David H. Glabe, P.E., M.ASCE Ram A. Goel, P.E., F.ASCE Allan
40、H. Gold, P.E., S.E., R.A., F.ASCE Vijayalakshmi Gopalrao, Aff.M.ASCE Dennis W. Graber, P.E., L.S., M.ASCE Gilliam S. Harris, P.E., F.ASCE James R. Harris, Ph.D., P.E., F.SEI, M.ASCE Philip T. Hodge, P.E., M.ASCE William P. Jacobs V, P.E., S.E., M.ASCE David W. Johnston, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE Roger S.
41、Johnston, P.E., M.ASCE Robert C. Krueger, P.E., M.ASCE David G. Kurtanich Sr., P.E., M.ASCE Jim E. Lapping, P.E., M.ASCE John V. Loscheider, P.E., M.ASCE Robert G. McCracken Bob Glenn McCullouch, P.E., M.ASCE Thomas J. Meany Jr., P.E., F.ASCE Brian Medcalf, P.E., M.ASCE Joel Moskowitz, P.E., D.GE, M
42、.ASCE Joe N. Nunnery, P.E., M.ASCE Dai H. Oh, P.E., M.ASCE David B. Peraza, P.E., M.ASCE Max L. Porter, Ph.D., P.E., F.SEI, Dist.M.ASCE Emil Simiu, Ph.D., P.E., F.EMI, F.ASCE John M. Simpson, P.E., M.ASCE James G. Soules, P.E., S.E., P.Eng., SECB, F.SEI, F.ASCE, Chapter 6 Subcommittee Chair Cris Sub
43、rizi, P.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 3 Subcommittee Chair Bruce A. Suprenant, P.E., M.ASCE Raymond H. R. Tide, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE Vincent Tirolo Jr., P.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 5 Subcommittee Chair Ronald W. Welch, Ph.D., P.E., M.ASCE Michael A. West, P.E., F.SEI, F.ASCE Terry K. Wright, P.E., M.ASCE Rubin M. Za
44、llen, P.E., F.ASCE, Chapter 1 Subcommittee Chair Committee (CSAC) of the American Society of Civil Engi-neers (ASCE). This 2014 edition was prepared by six sub-committees of the Design Loads on Structures during Construction Standard Committee under the leadership of the following individuals:Robert
45、 T. Ratay, Ph.D., P.E., F.SEI, F.ASCE, Chairman Rubin M. Zallen, P.E., F.ASCE, Chapter 1.0, General John F. Duntemann, P.E., S.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 2.0, Loads and Load Combinations Cris Subrizi, P.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 3.0, Dead and Live Loads John S. Deerkoski, P.E., S.E., P.P., F.ASCE, and Alan Fishe
46、r, P.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 4.0, Construction Loads Vincent Tirolo Jr., P.E., M.ASCE, Chapter 5.0, Lateral Earth Pressure James G. Soules, P.E., S.E., P.Eng., SECB, F.SEI, F.ASCE, Chapter 6.0, Environmental Loads The particularly active long-term participation and valu-able contribution of the followin
47、g members, in addition to the chair, the fi ve subcommittee chairs, and two co-chairs, is acknowledged: James R. Harris, Gilliam S. Harris, Donald Dusenberry, and David W. Johnston. ASCE acknowledges the work of the Design Loads on Structures during Construction Standard Committee of the CSAD of SEI
48、 and of the CSAC of ASCE. The Standard Committee comprises individuals from many backgrounds including design, analysis, research, consulting engineer-ing, construction, education, government, and private practice. Voting members of the 42-member Standard Committee are:flast.indd ixflast.indd ix 1/2
49、8/2015 5:07:46 PM1/28/2015 5:07:46 PMflast.indd xflast.indd x 1/28/2015 5:07:46 PM1/28/2015 5:07:46 PM1STANDARD 1.1 PURPOSE The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum design load requirements during construction of buildings and other structures. COMMENTARY C1.1 PURPOSE The construction loads, load combinations, and load factors contained herein account for the often short dura-tion of loading, and for
