1、CUASCE 38-02 American Society of Civil Engineers Standard Guideline for the Collection and Depiction of Existing Subsurface Utility Data This document uses both Systme International (SI) units and customary units. CIIASCE 38-02 American Society of Civil Engineers Standard Guideline for the Collectio
2、n and Depiction of Existing Subsurface Utility Data This document uses both Systme International (SI) and customary units. ASCE Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia 20191-4400 ABSTRACT New and emerging technologies allow for the cost-effecti
3、ve coiiec- tion and depiction of existing utility information. This convergence of technologies and systematic use of the data derived from these technologies is known as subsurface utility engineering (SUE). A key component of SUE is affixing an attribute to utility information that denotes the qua
4、lity of that utility information. This widespread and growing attribution process will benefit from the application of these guidelines and the establishment of a credible nomenclature system. Therefore, the intent of this standard guideline is to present a system of classifying the quality of exist
5、ing subsurface utility data. Such a process will allow the project owner, design engineer, sub- surface utility engineer, constructor, and utility owner to develop strategies to manage risks caused by existing subsurface utilities in a defined manner. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Da
6、ta Standard guideline for the collection and depiction of existing subsurface utility data. Final version. I ASCE Code and Standards Activity Committee (CSAC) p. cm. “03/09/02.” Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7844-0645-6 I. Underground utility lines-United States. I. American
7、Society of Civil Engineers. Codes and Standards Activities Committee. TD168 .S73 2002 363.6-dc21 2002034155 Any statements expressed in these materials are those of the indi- vidual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of ASCE, which takes no responsibility for any statement made herei
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13、tion for ASCE Books is O-7844-0645-6/03/$18.00 per chapter + $.50 per page. Requests for special permission or bulk copying should be addressed to Permis- sions geology; geophysics; surveying, com- puter-aided design and drafting, and geographic infor- mation systems; highway design; right-of-way; g
14、eotechnical engineering; and utility design. It also in- cludes professionals representing research organiza- tions, the construction industry, education, the U.S. military, government regulatory agencies, and the util- ity owner community. James H. Anspach, P.G., Chair, Secretary, ASCE Codes and St
15、andards Activity Committee Representative C. Paul Scott, P.E., Vice Chair Dr. Thomas E. Iseley, P.E., ASCE GC Executive Committee Capt. James R. Allen, P.E., U.S. Navy Civil Engineering Corps (CEC) R. Wayne Brooks Dr. C.C. Chang, P.E. Kevin S. Nichols, P.E. James F. Noone, P.E. Kathe J. Sopenski, P.
16、E. Robert E. Stevens, P.E. Alan J. Witten, Ph.D. Nicholas M. Zembillas ix CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction . 1 3.0 Definitions 2 4.0 Engineer and Owner Collection and Depiction Tasks . 4.1 Engineer . 4.2 Project Owner 4 5.0 Utility Quality Level Attributes 5.2 Quality Level C . 5.4 Quality Level A . 6.0 De
17、liverables Formatting 6 6.2 Basic Deliverable . 7 6.3 Quality Level Attributes 6.4 Utiiity Depiction Legend 6.5 Examples of Mapping Deliverables 7.0 Relative Costs and Benefits of Quality Levels . 10 8.0 Information Sources . 11 2.0 Scope 1 3 3 4 5.1 QualityLevelD . 4 5 5.3 Quality LevelB . 5 6 6 7
18、7 7 7.1 CostSavings . 10 7.2 Costs . 11 6.1 General . . Appendices: Surface Geophysical Methods for Utility Imaging AppendixA General 14 Appendix B Electromagnetic Methods 14 Appendix C Magnetic Methods . 16 Appendix D Elastic Wave Methods 16 Appendix E High.Cost. Very Specialized Methods 17 Appendi
19、x F Data Processing Techniques . 18 Index 19 xi Standard Guideline for the Collection and Depiction of Existing Subsurface Utility Data 1.0 INTRODUCTION The nations infrastructure continues to grow as a result of population growth and other factors. New technologies are proliferating, such as fibero
20、ptics, which are replacing copper communication cables. In addition, the deterioration anbreplacement of existing structures have expanded activities dealing with the utility infrastructure. The effort to clean up the envi- ronment has necessitated considerable excavation in areas of high-density in
21、frastructure development. Available right-of-way is becoming limited, especially in urban and suburban areas. The “footprint” of new construction, repair, or remediation often conflicts with existing infrastructure. When this existing infrastruc- ture is hidden from view (e. however, utility owners
22、are under no legal requirement to do so. Some utility owners may desire to mark their facilities for the engineer. For reliable information during design and con- struction, the engineer, owner, and constructor should be certain that utilities, active, abandoned, or unknown, are identified; that the
23、 utilities are marked correctly; that the numbers of actual utility pipes or cables under the ground are known or represented by multiple marks; that the width of facilities is correct; and that the depths of utilities are known. Reliable information has historically not always been provided by util
24、ity owners. Engineers may have received, made, or obtained a mixture of evidence of the existence, character, and lo- cation of utilities. Evidence may vary widely as to its credibility. Application of this guideline and the estab- lishment of a credible nomenclature system will permit affixing attr
25、ibutes to utility information that denote the quality of that utility information. Problems with exist- ing utilities are routinely handled through change or- ders, extra work orders, insurance payouts, and contin- gency pricing. When problems create significant costs, the finger of blame is pointed
26、 everywhere, including at the engineer who has affixed his or her stamp to the plans, regardless of disclaimers. All involved in the de- sign and construction process will benefit from better information for the management of risk. 2.0 SCOPE The scope of this document is a consensus stan- dard for d
27、efining the quality of utility location and the attribute information that is placed on plans. The stan- dard guideline addresses issues such as (a) how utility information can be obtained, (b) what technologies are available to obtain that information, and (c) how that information can be conveyed t
28、o the information users. The intent of this standard guideline is to present a system of classifying the quality of data associated with existing subsurface utilities. Such a classification will allow the project owner, engineer, constructor, and utility owner to develop strategies to reduce risk by
29、 im- proving the reliability of information on existing sub- surface utilities in a defined manner. This document, as a reference or as part of a specification, will assist 1 COLLECTION AND DEPICTION OF EXISTING SUBSURFACE UTILITY DATA engineers, project and utility owners, and constructors in under
30、standing the classification of the quality of utility data. 3.0 DEFINITIONS Designating: The process of using a surface geo- physical method or methods to interpret the presence of a subsurface utility and to mark its approximate hor- izontal position (its designation) on the ground surface. (Note:
31、Utility owners and contractors sometimes call this process “locating.”) Engineer: The individual or firm providing engi- neering and design-related services as a party to the contract. The engineer produces the instruments of ser- vice or manages the instruments of service of the sub- consultants. L
32、ocating: The process of exposing and recording the precise vertical and horizontal location of a utility. Minimally intrusive excavation method: A method of excavation that minimizes the potential for damage to the structure being uncovered. Factors such as utility material and condition may influen
33、ce specific techniques. Typical techniques for utility exposures in- clude air-entrainment/vacuum-extraction systems, wa- ter-jevvacuum-extraction systems, and careful hand tool usage. One-call notification center: An entity that ad- ministers a system through which a person can notify utility owner
34、s and operators of proposed excavations. Typically, the one-call center notifies member utility owners that they may send records to the designer or designate and mark on the ground surface the existing indications of some or all of the utilities that may be present. One-call statute: A local or sta
35、te requirement that an excavator or designer of excavation call a cen- tral number to notify some or all existing utility owners of that planned excavation. Scope of work: All services and actions required of the consultant by the obligations of the contract. Subsurface utility engineer: A person wh
36、o by education and experience is qualified to practice sub- surface utility engineering. Subsurface utility engineering (SUE): A branch of engineering practice that involves managing certain risks associated with utility mapping at appropriate quality levels, utility coordination, utility relocation
37、 design and coordination, utility condition assessment, communication of utility data to concerned parties, utility relocation cost estimates, implementation of utility accommodation policies, and utility design. Surface geophysical method: Any of a number of methods designed to utilize and interpre
38、t ambient or applied energy fields for the purpose of identifying properties of, and structure within, the earth. Such methods typically include variants of electromagnetic, magnetic, elastic wave, gravitational, and chemical en- ergies. the project owner and engineer to define a specific ge- ograph
39、ic location in three-dimensional space. Test hole: The excavation made to determine, measure, and record the presence of a utility structure. Utility: A privately, publicly, or cooperatively owned line, facility, or system for producing, transmit- ting, or distributing communications, cable televisi
40、on, power, electricity, light, heat, gas, oil, crude products, water, steam, waste, or any other similar commodity, including any fire or police signal system or street lighting system. Utility accommodation policy: A policy for ac- commodating utility facilities on the project. This pol- icy includ
41、es, but is not limited to, establishing the hori- zontal and vertical location requirements and clearances for the various types of utilities; referencing applicable provisions of government or industry codes required by law or regulation; providing standards, specifications, detailed procedures, cr
42、iteria, and meth- ods of installation; providing requirements for the preservation and restoration of project facilities; setting forth limitations on the utilitys activities within the project area; and establishing measures necessary to protect traffic, workers, and the general public during and a
43、fter the installation of utility facilities. Utility attribute: A distinctive documented char- acteristic of a utility that may include, but is not lim- ited to, elevation, horizontal position, configurations of multiple non-encased pipes or cables, shape, size, ma- terial type, condition, age, qual
44、ity level, and date of measurement. ity information using a computer-aided design and drafting system or on project plan sheets. Utility quality level: A professional opinion of the quality and reliability of utility information. Such reliability is determined by the means and methods of the profess
45、ional. Each of the four existing utility data quality levels is established by different methods of data collection and interpretation. Utility quality level A: Precise horizontal and vertical location of utilities obtained by the actual ex- posure (or verification of previously exposed and sur- vey
46、ed utilities) and subsequent measurement of sub- surface utilities, usually at a specific point. Minimally Survey datum: The points of reference used by Utility depiction: A visual image of existing util- 2 CI/ASCE 38-02 intrusive excavation equipment is typically used to minimize the potential for
47、utility damage. A precise horizontal and vertical location, as well as other utility attributes, is shown on plan documents. Accuracy is typically set to 15-mm vertical and to applicable hori- zontal survey and mapping accuracy as defined or ex- pected by the project owner. Utility quality level 3:
48、Information obtained through the application of appropriate surface geo- physical methods to determine the existence and ap- proximate horizontal position of subsurface utilities. Quality level B data should be reproducible by surface geophysics at any point of their depiction. This infor- mation is
49、 surveyed to applicable tolerances defined by the project and reduced onto plan documents. Utility quality level C: Information obtained by surveying and plotting visible above-ground utility fea- tures and by using professional judgment in correlating this information to quality level D information. Utility quality level D: Information derived from existing records or oral recollections. Utility relocation policy: A policy (typically of the project owner or utility owner) for the relocation of utility facilities required by the project. This policy in- cludes, but is not limited to, esta
