1、ASCE STANDARD ASCE/SEI 41-13 American Society of Civil Engineers Seismic Evaluation and Retro t of Existing Buildings This document uses both the International System of Units (SI) and customary units. Published by the American Society of Civil Engineers Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication
2、 Data ASCE standard ASCE/SEI 41-13 : American Society of Civil Engineers : seismic evaluation and retrot of existing buildings. pages cm. (Standard ; 41-13) ISBN 978-0-7844-1285-5 (print : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-7844-7791-5 (ebook) 1. BuildingsEarthquake ef fects. 2. Earthquake resistant design. 3.
3、Earthquake hazard analysis. I. American Society of Civil Engineers. II. T itle: American Society of Civil Engineers, seismic evaluation and retrot of existing buildings. TH1095.A83 2014693.8 52021873dc23 2013017849 Published by American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, V
4、ir ginia 20191www .asce.or g/pubs This standard was developed by a consensus standards development process that has been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Accreditation by ANSI, a voluntary accreditation body representing public and private sector standards development
5、organizations in the United States and abroad, signies that the standards development process used by ASCE has met the ANSI requirements for openness, balance, consensus, and due process. While ASCEs process is designed to promote standards that reect a fair and reasoned consensus among all interest
6、ed participants, while preserving the public health, safety, and welfare that is paramount to its mission, it has not made an independent assessment of and does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, appa- ratus, product, or process discussed herein. ASCE
7、 does not intend, nor should anyone interpret, ASCEs standards to replace the sound judgment of a competent professional, having knowledge and experience in the appropriate eld(s) of practice, nor to substitute for the standard of care required of such professionals in interpreting and applying the
8、contents of this standard. ASCE has no authority to enforce compliance with its standards and does not undertake to certify products for compliance or to render any professional services to any person or entity. ASCE disclaims any and all liability for any personal injury, property damage, nancial l
9、oss, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, including without limitation any direct, indirect, special, exemplary, or consequential damages, resulting from any person s use of, or reliance on, this standard. Any individual who relies on this standard assumes full responsibility for such use. ASC
10、E and American Society of Civil EngineersRegistered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Of ce. Photocopies and permissions. Permission to photocopy or reproduce material from ASCE publications can be requested by sending an e-mail to permissionsasce.org or by locating a title in ASCEs Civil Engineering Dat
11、abase ( http:/cedb.asce.org) or ASCE Library (http:/ascelibrary.org) and using the “Permissions” link. Errata: Errata, if any, can be found at http:/dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412855. Copyright 2014 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-7844-1285-5 (paper) ISBN 9
12、78-0-7844-7791-5 (PDF) Manufactured in the United States of America.Seismic Evaluation and Retrot of Existing Buildings iii STANDARDS ASCE 28-00 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Box Sections for Jacking in Trenchless Construction ASCE/SEI/SFPE 29-05 Standard Calculation Method
13、s for Structural Fire Protection SEI/ASCE 30-00 Guideline for Condition Assessment of the Building Envelope SEI/ASCE 31-03 Seismic Evaluation of Existing Buildings SEI/ASCE 32-01 Design and Construction of Frost-Protected Shallow Foundations EWRI/ASCE 33-09 Comprehensive T ransboundary International
14、 Water Quality Management Agreement EWRI/ASCE 34-01 Standard Guidelines for Arti cial Recharge of Ground Water EWRI/ASCE 35-01 Guidelines for Quality Assurance of Installed Fine-Pore Aeration Equipment CI/ASCE 36-01 Standard Construction Guidelines for Microtunneling SEI/ASCE 37-02 Design Loads on S
15、tructures during Construction CI/ASCE 38-02 Standard Guideline for the Collection and Depiction of Existing Subsurface Utility Data EWRI/ASCE 39-03 Standard Practice for the Design and Operation of Hail Suppression Projects ASCE/EWRI 40-03 Regulated Riparian Model Water Code ASCE/SEI 41-06 Seismic R
16、ehabilitation of Existing Buildings ASCE/EWRI 42-04 Standard Practice for the Design and Operation of Precipitation Enhancement Projects ASCE/SEI 43-05 Seismic Design Criteria for Structures, Systems, and Components in Nuclear Facilities ASCE/EWRI 44-05 Standard Practice for the Design and Operation
17、 of Supercooled Fog Dispersal Projects ASCE/EWRI 45-05 Standard Guidelines for the Design of Urban Stormwater Systems ASCE/EWRI 46-05 Standard Guidelines for the Installation of Urban Stormwater Systems ASCE/EWRI 47-05 Standard Guidelines for the Operation and Maintenance of Urban Stormwater Systems
18、 ASCE/SEI 48-11 Design of Steel Transmission Pole Structures ASCE/SEI 49-12 Wind Tunnel Testing for Buildings and Other Structures ASCE/EWRI 50-08 Standard Guideline for Fitting Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Using Probability Density Functions ASCE/EWRI 51-08 Standard Guideline for Calculating th
19、e Effective Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ASCE/SEI 52-10 Design of Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Stacks ASCE/G-I 53-10 Compaction Grouting Consensus Guide ASCE/EWRI 54-10 Standard Guideline for Geostatistical Estimation and Block-Averaging of Homogeneous and Isotropic Saturated Hydraulic Co
20、nductivity ASCE/SEI 55-10 Tensile Membrane Structures ANSI/ASCE/EWRI 56-10 Guidelines for the Physical Security of Water Utilities ANSI/ASCE/EWRI 57-10 Guidelines for the Physical Security of Wastewater/Stormwater Utilities ASCE/T&DI/ICPI 58-10 Structural Design of Interlocking Concrete Pavement for
21、 Municipal Streets and Roadways ASCE/SEI 59-11 Blast Protection of Buildings ASCE/EWRI 60-12 Guidelines for Development of Effective Water Sharing Agreement In 2006, the Board of Direction approved the revision to the ASCE Rules for Standards Committees to govern the writing and maintenance of stand
22、ards developed by the Society. All such standards are developed by a consensus standards process managed by the Society s Codes and Standards Committee (CSC). The consensus process includes balloting by a balanced standards committee made up of Society members and nonmem- bers, balloting by the memb
23、ership of the Society as a whole, and balloting by the public. All standards are updated or reaf rmed by the same process at intervals not exceeding ve years. The following standards have been issued: ANSI/ASCE 1-82 N-725 Guideline for Design and Analysis of Nuclear Safety Related Earth Structures A
24、SCE/EWRI 2-06 Measurement of Oxygen Transfer in Clean Water ANSI/ASCE 3-91 Standard for the Structural Design of Composite Slabs and ANSI/ASCE 9-91 Standard Practice for the Construction and Inspection of Composite Slabs ASCE 4-98 Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nuclear Structures Building Code R
25、equirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530-13/ASCE 5-13/TMS 402-13) and Speci cations for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1-13/ASCE 6-13/TMS 602-13) ASCE/SEI 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures SEI/ASCE 8-02 Standard Specication for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Str
26、uctural Members ANSI/ASCE 9-91 listed with ASCE 3-91 ASCE 10-97 Design of Latticed Steel Transmission Structures SEI/ASCE 11-99 Guideline for Structural Condition Assessment of Existing Buildings ASCE/EWRI 12-13 Standard Guidelines for the Design of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE/EWRI 13-13 Standard
27、 Guidelines for the Installation of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE/EWRI 14-13 Standard Guidelines for the Operation and Maintenance of Urban Subsurface Drainage ASCE 15-98 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Buried Precast Concrete Pipe Using Standard Installations (SIDD) ASCE 16-95 Standard for
28、Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) of Engineered Wood Construction ASCE 17-96 Air -Supported Structures ASCE 18-96 Standard Guidelines for In-Process Oxygen Transfer Testing ASCE 19-10 Structural Applications of Steel Cables for Buildings ASCE 20-96 Standard Guidelines for the Design and Installat
29、ion of Pile Foundations ANSI/ASCE/T&DI 21-13 Automated People Mover Standards SEI/ASCE 23-97 Specication for Structural Steel Beams with Web Openings ASCE/SEI 24-05 Flood Resistant Design and Construction ASCE/SEI 25-06 Earthquake-Actuated Automatic Gas Shutoff Devices ASCE 26-97 Standard Practice f
30、or Design of Buried Precast Concrete Box Sections ASCE 27-00 Standard Practice for Direct Design of Precast Concrete Pipe for Jacking in Trenchless Construction This page intentionally left blank Seismic Evaluation and Retrot of Existing Buildings v FOREWORD Anyone making use of this information ass
31、umes all liability from such use. Throughout this text, a gray bar appears in the margins to indicate that the adjacent text is commentary, provided for clari- cation.The commentary is not part of the mandatory standard. The checklists that appear in Appendix C may be obtained in PDF format from htt
32、p:/dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412855. A complete listing of known errata is available at http:/www.asce. or g/sei/errata . The material presented in this standard has been prepared in accordance with recognized engineering principles. This stan- dard should not be used without rst securing competent
33、advice with respect to its suitability for any given application. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the American Society of Civil Engineers, or of any other person named herein, that this information is suitable for any ge
34、neral or particular use or promises freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. This page intentionally left blank Seismic Evaluation and Retrot of Existing Buildings vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS focused studies and administrative efforts have made this stan- dard possible. The committee wishes to ac
35、knowledge the support of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, whose support of the original work that led to this standard and continued support of topic This page intentionally left blank Seismic Evaluation and Retrot of Existing Buildings ix UNIT CONVERSIONS Measurement SI Units Customary Unit
36、s Abbreviations m = meter (SI base unit of length) yd = yard cm = centimeter in. = inch km = kilometer mi = mile ha = hectare acre L = liter (SI base unit of volume) gal = gallon mL = milliliters qt = quart kg = kilogram (SI base unit of mass) lb = pound g = gram oz = ounce N = Newton (m kgs 2) lbf
37、= pound-force (lb/ft) Pa = Pascals (N/m 2) psi = pounds per square inch kPa = kilopascals atm = atmosphere J = Joule ftlbf = feet per pound-force W = watt Btu = British therma unit kW = kilowatt hp= horsepower s = second (SI base unit of time) s = second min = minute min = minute h = hour h = hour d
38、ay day C = degrees Celsius F = degrees Fahrenheit ppm = parts per million ppm = parts per million Length 1 m = 3.2808 ft = 1.0936 yd 1 ft = 3 yd = 0.3048m 1 cm = 0.3937 in. 1 in. = 2.54cm 1 km = 0.6214 mile 1 mile = 0.869 nautical mile = 1.6093km Area 1 m 2 = 10.7643 ft 21 ft 2 = 0.0929m 2 1 km 2 =
39、0.3861 mi 21 mi 2 = 2.59km 2 1 ha = 2.4710 acre 1 acre = 43,560ft 2 = 0.4047ha V olume 1 L = 0.2642 gal 1 gal = 4 qt = 3.7854L 1 ml = 1cm 31 ft 3 = 7.481 gal = 28.32L Mass 1 g = 0.0353 oz 1 oz = 28.3495g 1 kg = 2.2046 lb 1 lb = 0.4536kg Force 1 N = 0.2248 lb/ft 1 lbf = 4.4482N Density 1 kg/m 2 = 0.2
40、048 lb/ft 21 lb/ft 2 = 4.882kg/m 2 1 kg/m 3 = 6.2427 lb/ft 31 lb/ft 3 = 16.018kg/m 3 Pressure 1 kPa = 0.145 psi 1 psi = 6.8948kPa 1 atm = 14.7 psi = 101.35kPa Energy and Power 1J = 1.00 Ws = 0.7376 ft lbf 1 ft lbf = 1.3558J 1 kJ = 0.2778 Wh = 0.948 Btu 1 Btu = 1.0551kJ 1 W = 0.7376 ft lbf/s = 3.4122
41、 Btu/h 1 ft lbf/s = 1.3558W 1 kW = 1,3410 hp 1 hp = 550 ft lb/s = 0.7457kW Flow 1 L/s = 15.85 gal/min = 2.119ft 3/min 1 gal/min = 0.1337ft 3/min = 0.0631L/s Concentration mg/L = ppm m(in dilute solutions) Temperature C = (F 32) 5/9 F = (C 9/5) + 32 Fundamental Constants and Relationships Acceleratio
42、n of gravity 32.2ft/s 2 = 9.81m/s 2 Density of water (at 4 C) = 1,000kg/m 3 = 1g/cm 3 Specic weight of water (15 C) = 62.4lb/ft 3 = 9,810N/m 3 Weight of water 1gal = 8.345 lbs = 3.7854kgThis page intentionally left blank Seismic Evaluation and Retrot of Existing Buildings xi CONTENTS STANDARDS . . .
43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii UNIT CONVERSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45、 1 1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 C1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Denitions and Notations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.1 Denitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.2 Notations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3 Evaluation and Retrot Pr
47、ocess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 C1.3 Evaluation and Retrot Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.4 Seismic Evaluation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48、. . . . . . . . . . . 22 C1.4 Seismic Evaluation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 1.4.1 Selection of Performance Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 C1.4.1 Selection of Performance Objective . . . .
49、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 1.4.2 Level of Seismicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 1.4.3 As-Built Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 C1.4.3 As-Built Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 1.4.4 Evaluation Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 C1.4.4 Evaluation Procedures. . . . .
