1、ANCHORAGE DESIGN FOR PETROCHEMICAL FACILITIES PREPARED BY Task Committee on Anchorage of the Petrochemical Committee of the Energy Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE RESTON, VIRGINIA 20191-4400 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Anchorage de
2、sign for petrochemical facilities / prepared by Task Committee on Anchorage of the Petrochemical Committee of the Energy Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7844-1258-9 (pbk.) - ISBN 978-0-7844-7718-2 (pdf) - ISBN 97
3、8-0-7844- 7744-1 (epub) 1. Petroleum refineries-Design and construction. 2. Industrial buildings-Foundations. 3. Wind-pressure. I. American Society of Civil Engineers. Task Committee on Anchorage. TH4571.A53 2013 693.85-dc23 2012035238 Published by American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander
4、Bell Drive Reston, Virginia, 20191-4400 www.asce.org/pubs Any statements expressed in these materials are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of ASCE, which takes no responsibility for any statement made herein. No reference made in this publication to any spec
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9、http:/cedb.asce.org) and using the “Permission to Reuse” link. Copyright 2013 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-7844-1258-9 (paper) ISBN 978-0-7844-7718-2 (PDF) ISBN 978-0-7844-7744-1 (EPUB) Manufactured in the United States of America. ASCE Petrochemical En
10、ergy Committee This document is one of five state-of-the-practice engineering reports produced, to date, by the ASCE Petrochemical Energy Committee. These engineering reports are intended to be a summary of current engineering knowledge and design practice, and present guidelines for the design of p
11、etrochemical facilities. They represent a consensus opinion of task committee members active in their development. These five ASCE engineering reports are: 1. Design of Blast-Resistant Buildings in Petrochemical Facilities 2. Guidelines for Seismic Evaluation and Design of Petrochemical Facilities 3
12、. Wind Loads for Petrochemical and Other Industrial Facilities 4. Anchorage Design for Petrochemical Facilities 5. Design of Secondary Containment in Petrochemical Facilities The ASCE Petrochemical Energy Committee was organized by A. K. Gupta in 1991 and initially chaired by Curley Turner. Under th
13、eir leadership the five task committees were formed. More recently, the Committee has been chaired by Joseph A. Bohinsky and Frank J. Hsiu. The five reports were initially published in 1997. Building codes and standards have changed significantly since the publication of these five reports, specific
14、ally in the calculation of wind and seismic loads and analysis procedures for anchorage design. Additionally, new research in these areas and in blast resistant design has provided opportunities for improvement of the recommended guidelines. The ASCE has determined the need to update four of the ori
15、ginal reports and publish new editions based on the latest research and for consistency with current building codes and standards. The ASCE Petrochemical Energy Committee was reorganized by Magdy H. Hanna in 2005, and the following four task committees were formed to update their respective reports:
16、 Task Committee on Anchorage for Petrochemical Facilities Task Committee on Blast Design for Petrochemical Facilities Task Committee on Seismic Evaluation and Design for Petrochemical Facilities Task Committee for Wind Load Design for Petrochemical Facilities Current ASCE Petrochemical Energy Commit
17、tee Magdy H. Hanna, PE JacobsTask Committee Chairman William Bounds, PE Fluor CorporationBlast Committee Chairman John B. Falcon, PE JacobsAnchorage Committee Chairman James R. (Bob) Bailey, PhD, PE Exponent, Inc.Wind Committee Chairman J. G. (Greg) Soules CB and provide an updated report that will
18、continue to serve as a source for uniformity in the design, fabrication and installation of anchorage in the petrochemical industry. Although the makeup of the committee and the writing of this report are directed at petrochemical facility design, these guidelines are applicable to similar design si
19、tuations in other industries. This report should interest engineers with responsibility for designing anchorage for equipment and structures, and operating company personnel responsible for establishing internal design, fabrication and construction practices. This report is intended to be a State-of
20、-the-Practice set of guidelines. The guidelines are based on published information and actual design practices. A review of current practices, internal company standards, and published documents was conducted. Also included is a list of references used by the Committee during creation of this report
21、. The Committee acknowledges the work of Process Industry Practices (PIP) (http:/www.pip.org) for providing much of the information used in this report. In helping to create this consensus set of guidelines, the following individuals provided valuable assistance: John B. Falcon, PE Donald W. Boyd Ja
22、cobs Process Industry Practices (PIP) Chairman Anchorage Committee Vice Chairman Tracey Hays, PE S b. summarize anchorage materials and properties; c. present current practices for fabrication and installation of anchorage; d. present recommendations for post-installed anchors; e. make comprehensive
23、 recommendations for cast-in-place anchor design which are appropriate for use by the petrochemical industry; f. present recommended fabrication, constructability, and repair practices. The committee recognized that while several different types of anchorage systems are used in petrochemical facilit
24、ies, the most common types are cast-in-place anchors, welded anchors, post-installed anchors, and shear lugs. Therefore, for this report, the committee limited its investigation and recommendations to these common types. This self-imposed limit should not be construed as an attempt to limit the impo
25、rtance of other types of anchorage systems. Instead, this limit allowed the committee to focus attention on the most commonly used devices. 1 1.3 UPDATES AND ADDITIONS TO PREVIOUS REPORT Chapter 2 includes a reorganization of Table 2.1, defining ASTM material specifications used for bolts and rods,
26、with expanded notes relating to material welding and galvanizing. New sections have been added for washers and nuts, sleeves, fabrication threading, headed studs, post-installed anchors, shear lugs, and performance of anchors exposed to extreme temperatures. The ASTM A307 Grade C anchor rod material
27、 is deleted and replaced with reference to ASTM F1554 Grade 36. Chapter 3 has been rewritten for the state-of-the-art Concrete Capacity Design (CCD) Method based on ACI 318 and ACI 349 as applied to the current state of design practices in the petrochemical industry. New and revised sections have be
28、en created for anchor configuration and dimensions, strength and ductile design, anchor reinforcement design, frictional resistance, shear lug design, tensioning of anchors, design of welded anchors for embedded plates, and considerations for vibratory and seismic loads. Detailed examples are provid
29、ed for a column pedestal with supplemental tension and shear reinforcement design, vertical vessel foundation anchorage design, and shear lug design. Chapter 4 has been revised to include present design information for post-installed mechanical and bonded anchors, including typical installations; st
30、atic, seismic, and fatigue design considerations; and post-installed qualifications. Anchor types addressed are those that would typically be considered for structural as well as safety- related nonstructural applications. Other light duty fastener types such as powder- actuated fasteners and small
31、screws are not included in this discussion. For information regarding the correct design and installation of such fastener types, the user should refer to the appropriate evaluation reports provided by ICC-ES or other evaluation bodies. It is also advised that these types of light-duty fasteners not
32、 be used as single-point fastenings, but rather only in applications where the failure of one or more fasteners will not lead to progressive collapse. Chapter 5 has been added to present installation and repair information, focusing on post-installed anchors, constructability, and repair procedures.
33、 1.4 CODES AND DESIGN PROCEDURES Changes in design methodology documented in the publications discussed below have resulted in changes to the formulas and methodologies presented in the original report, which was based on the 45-degree cone method. This report is based on the CCD Method, which assum
34、es a critical spacing of three times the effective embedment depth. This assumption corresponds to a cone angle of approximately 35 degrees. In addition, the equation for basic concrete breakout strength accounts for the size effect associated with relatively high bearing stresses (and strain gradients) in the concrete. The following is a brief summary of the ACI Committee work relating to anchorage design. 2 ANCHORAGE DESIGN FOR PETROCHEMICAL FACILITIES
