1、 ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 117Inspecting Pipeline InstallationPrepared bythe Pipeline Division ofthe American Society of Civil EngineersEdited byT. J. Hovland and Mohammad Najafi Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataInspecting pipeline installation / prepared
2、by the Pipeline Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers; edited by T.J. Hovland and Mohammad Najafi .p. cm.(ASCE manuals and reports on engineering practice; no. 117)Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 978-0-7844-1054-7 (alk. paper)1. PipelinesDesign and construction. 2. U
3、nderground construction. I. Hovland, T. J. II. Najafi , Mohammad. III. American Society of Civil Engineers. Pipeline Division.TA660.P55I544 2009621.8672dc222009024838Published by American Society of Civil Engineers1801 Alexander Bell DriveReston, Virginia 20191www.pubs.asce.orgAny statements express
4、ed in these materials are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of ASCE, which takes no responsibility for any statement made herein. No reference made in this publication to any specifi c method, product, process, or service constitutes or implies an endorsement
5、, recommendation, or warranty thereof by ASCE. The materials are for general information only and do not represent a standard of ASCE, nor are they intended as a reference in purchase specifi cations, contracts, regulations, statutes, or any other legal document.ASCE makes no representation or warra
6、nty of any kind, whether express or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, apparatus, product, or process discussed in this publication, and assumes no liability therefor. This information should not be used without fi rst securing competent advic
7、e with respect to its suitability for any general or specifi c application. Anyone utilizing this information assumes all liability arising from such use, including but not limited to infringement of any patent or patents.ASCE and American Society of Civil EngineersRegistered in U.S. Patent and Trad
8、e-mark Offi ce.Photocopies and reprints. You can obtain instant permission to photocopy ASCE publica-tions by using ASCEs online permission service (http:/pubs.asce.org/permissions/requests/). Requests for 100 copies or more should be submitted to the Reprints Department, Publications Division, ASCE
9、 (address above); e-mail: permissionsasce.org. A reprint order form can be found at http:/pubs.asce.org/support/reprints/.Copyright 2009 by the American Society of Civil Engineers.All Rights Reserved.ISBN 13: 978-0-7844-1054-7Manufactured in the United States of America.16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 1 2 3
10、 4 5MANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE(As developed by the ASCE Technical Procedures Committee, July 1930, and revised March 1935, February 1962, and April 1982)A manual or report in this series consists of an orderly presentation of facts on a particular subject, supplemented by an analysi
11、s of limitations and applications of these facts. It contains information useful to the average engineer in his or her everyday work, rather than fi ndings that may be useful only occasionally or rarely. It is not in any sense a “stan-dard,” however; nor is it so elementary or so conclusive as to pr
12、ovide a “rule of thumb” for nonengineers.Furthermore, material in this series, in distinction from a paper (which expresses only one persons observations or opinions), is the work of a committee or group selected to assemble and express information on a specifi c topic. As often as practicable, the
13、committee is under the direction of one or more of the Technical Divisions and Councils, and the product evolved has been subjected to review by the Executive Committee of the Division or Council. As a step in the process of this review, proposed manuscripts are often brought before the members of t
14、he Technical Divi-sions and Councils for comment, which may serve as the basis for improvement. When published, each work shows the names of the com-mittees by which it was compiled and indicates clearly the several pro-cesses through which it has passed in review, in order that its merit may be def
15、i nitely understood.In February 1962 (and revised in April 1982) the Board of Direction voted to establish a series entitled “Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice,” to include the Manuals published and authorized to date, future Manuals of Professional Practice, and Reports on Engineering Pra
16、ctice. All such Manual or Report material of the Society would have been ref-ereed in a manner approved by the Board Committee on Publications and would be bound, with applicable discussion, in books similar to past Manuals. Numbering would be consecutive and would be a continuation of present Manua
17、l numbers. In some cases of reports of joint committees, bypassing of Journal publications may be authorized.MANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE CURRENTLY AVAILABLENo. Title40 Ground Water Management45 Consulting Engineering: A Guide for the Engagement of Engineering Services49 Urban Plannin
18、g Guide50 Planning and Design Guidelines for Small Craft Harbors54 Sedimentation Engineering57 Management, Operation and Maintenance of Irrigation and Drainage Systems60 Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction, Second Edition62 Existing Sewer Evaluation and Rehabilitation66 Structural Plastic
19、s Selection Manual67 Wind Tunnel Studies of Buildings and Structures68 Aeration: A Wastewater Treatment Process71 Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management73 Quality in the Constructed Project: A Guide for Owners, Designers, and Constructors77 Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Manage
20、ment Systems80 Ship Channel Design81 Guidelines for Cloud Seeding to Augment Precipitation82 Odor Control in Wastewater Treatment Plants84 Mechanical Connections in Wood Structures85 Quality of Ground Water91 Design of Guyed Electrical Transmission Structures92 Manhole Inspection and Rehabilitation,
21、 Second EditionNo. Title93 Crane Safety on Construction Sites94 Inland Navigation: Locks, Dams, and Channels95 Urban Subsurface Drainage97 Hydraulic Modeling: Concepts and Practice98 Conveyance of Residuals from Water and Wastewater Treatment100 Groundwater Contamination by Organic Pollutants: Analy
22、sis and Remediation101 Underwater Investigations103 Guide to Hiring and Retaining Great Civil Engineers104 Recommended Practice for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Structures105 Animal Waste Containment in Lagoons106 Horizontal Auger Boring Projects107 Ship Channel Design
23、 and Operation108 Pipeline Design for Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling109 Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) Operation in Wastewater Treatment Plants110 Sedimentation Engineering: Processes, Measurements, Modeling, and Practice111 Reliability-Based Design of Utility Pole Structures112
24、Pipe Bursting Projects113 Substation Structure Design Guide114 Performance-Based Design of Structural Steel for Fire Conditions115 Pipe Ramming Projects116 Navigation Engineering Practice and Ethical Standards117 Inspecting Pipeline InstallationPREFACEThis manual describes successful construction me
25、thods and proce-dures for installing the common types of pipes used to transport water-like fl uids. Because this manual focuses on the needs of fi eld personnel, constructors, and inspectors, it assumes the pipeline design is complete, decisions on alternatives are resolved, and the designers conce
26、pts are now ready for conversion into a real project.This manual has two main purposes: fi rst, it provides an educational tool for readers with limited fi eld experience, and second, it consolidates practical pipeline installation information into one volume.Many recommendations are made about pipe
27、line earthwork, and descriptions of the proper installation practices for ten different types of common pipes are provided, including steel, corrugated steel, ductile iron, prestressed concrete, reinforced concrete, bar-wrapped concrete, vit-rifi ed clay, polyvinyl chloride, high-density polyethylen
28、e, and fi berglass-reinforced pipes.vThis page intentionally left blank CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS MANUALSince the committee to write this manual was fi rst formed in 1993, the following persons have contributed to the work by writing chapters, reviewing or commenting on the work, making drawings, and so
29、forth.The original writing committee included:M. N. Stephens, Co-Chair S. M. Mendoza, Co-ChairJ. W. Barsoom Chih-Hung LeeE. C. Lamb R. L. MeinzerT. J. McGrath Wayne E. PriceP. E. Stone E. P. SkipperAuthors of chapters in this manual are:M. N. Stephens Chapters 3, 4, 6, 9, 14R. L. Meinzer Chapters 5,
30、 11Ben Movahed Chapter 12E. P. Skipper Chapters 7, 8, 13P. E. Stone Chapter 15E. C. Lamb Chapter 16C. Fisher and S. M. Mendoza Chapter 17L. J. Petroff Chapter 18R. S. Morrison Chapter 19J. Luka Chapter 10Other professionals who made major contributions by making reviews or drawings, or providing con
31、structive comments, are:Sam A. Arnaout John A. NigroJ. W. Barsoom Glenn OsbornR. Dick Caporale David P. Prosserviiviii CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS MANUALRandal C. Connor Wayne E. PriceMark Gianoni Andrew E. RomerJohn Hurd B. Jay SchrockKeith Kindle Kandiah SribalaskandarajahT. J. McGrath Robert F. Spiekerm
32、anWalter R. McLean Mark T. UngerM. Livermore Sam YousefiMichael P. Murphy James C. SchluterKenneth K. Kienow Mark B. PickellWilliam F. Quinn Will WorthingtonThis manual was reviewed by a Blue Ribbon Committee consisting of:George Ruchti, ChairJoe CastronovoRusty GibsonRandy HillKenneth K. KienowJohn
33、 PlattsmierKen WilsonMontie TrippSteve McCandlessSteve SwatakCONTENTS1 INTRODUCTION 11.1 Targeted Readership 21.2 Terminology 31.3 Text Organization . 41.4 Emphasis on Construction Practices 41.5 Sources of Information 52 SOIL MECHANICS FOR PIPELINE CONSTRUCTORS . 72.1 Introduction 72.2 Natural Soil
34、 Components . 102.3 Describing a Soil Mixture . 122.4 Groundwater 182.5 Loads in a Soil Mass 202.6 Soil Compaction . 232.7 The Geotechnical Report 262.8 Pipe Stiffness . 272.9 Interaction of the Soil and the Pipe Structure 293 DESCRIBING COMMON PROCEDURES 334 OBTAINING PIPE FROM A SUPPLIER 355 MANAG
35、ING THE PROJECT . 37ixx CONTENTS6 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILLING 416.1 The Major Common Work 416.2 Excavation of a Pipe Trench: The First Phase of Pipeline Earthwork . 436.3 Other Important Earthwork Decisions . 586.4 Moving Earth 626.5 Embedding the Pipe: The Second Phase of Pipeline Earthwork 686.6 Pr
36、oblem Conditions during Backfi lling . 746.7 Completing the Trench: The Third Phase of Pipeline Earthwork . 756.8 Notes to Inspectors 767 PIPE SHIPPING AND HANDLING . 797.1 Controlling Pipe Delivery. 798 GENERAL INSTALLATION FOR ALL PIPES 858.1 Basic Workplace Control . 858.2 General Pipe Installati
37、on 868.3 Handling and Operational Issues . 868.4 Mainline Connections . 898.5 Reaction or Thrust Blocking . 908.6 Connection to Structures 908.7 Installation in Casings and Tunnels 918.8 Other Considerations 928.9 Corrosion . 928.10 Measurement of Pipe Deformation . 928.11 First Filling of Pipes 939
38、 GENERAL INSTALLATION PROCEDURES 9510 STEEL PIPE . 9910.1 General Background and Discussion . 9910.2 Product Information 10110.3 Linings and Coatings 10510.4 Pipe Shipping and Handling . 10710.5 Installation . 10810.6 Backfi lling 11210.7 Testing and Acceptance 113CONTENTS xi11 CORRUGATED METAL PIPE
39、 . 11511.1 General Background and Discussion . 11511.2 Shipping and Handling 11711.3 Installation of Corrugated Metal Pipe 11811.4 Inspection and Testing 12112 DUCTILE IRON PIPE . 12312.1 General Background and Discussion . 12312.2 Product Information 12412.3 A Sample Project to Describe Ductile Iro
40、n Pipe Installation . 12712.4 Delivering Pipe to the Job Site . 12812.5 Laying Pipe . 13112.6 Tapping 13612.7 Connections to Structures . 13712.8 Installing in Tunnels and Casings . 13712.9 Related Topics . 13812.10 Testing and Acceptance 14012.11 Record Drawings . 14213 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE CYLINDE
41、R PIPE 14313.1 General Background and Discussion . 14313.2 Product Information 14513.3 Linings and Coatings 14813.4 Shipping and Handling 14913.5 Installation . 15014 REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE 15714.1 General Background and Discussion . 15714.2 Description of Reinforced Concrete Pipe . 15814.3 A Samp
42、le Project to Illustrate Actual Installation Work 16415 BAR-WRAPPED CONCRETE CYLINDER PIPE 17315.1 General Background and Discussion . 17315.2 Product Information 17415.3 Shipping and Handling 17815.4 Installation . 179xii CONTENTS15.5 Testing and Acceptance 18415.6 Conditional Acceptance 18516 VITR
43、IFIED CLAY PIPE 18716.1 General Background and Discussion . 18716.2 Shipping and Handling 18816.3 Installation . 18916.4 Final Testing 19417 POLYVINYL CHLORIDE PIPE 19517.1 General Background and Discussion . 19517.2 Receiving, Storage, and Handling 19717.3 Installation . 19917.4 Inspection and Test
44、ing 20618 POLYETHYLENE PIPE . 21118.1 General Background and Discussion . 21118.2 Shipping and Handling Polyethylene Pipe . 21718.3 Installation of Polyethylene Pipe 21918.4 Testing and Acceptance 22819 FIBERGLASS-REINFORCED (THERMOSETTING RESIN) PLASTIC PIPE 23119.1 General Background 23119.2 Produ
45、ct Information 23219.3 Shipping and Handling Fiberglass Pipe 23419.4 Unloading and Handling Pipe 23619.5 Installation . 23719.6 Joining 23919.7 Other Joining Methods . 24019.8 Pipe Fittings 24119.9 Pipe Placement and Assembly. 24119.10 Tapping 24219.11 Field Cutting of Fiberglass Pipe 24219.12 Insta
46、llation in Tunnels, Casings, and for Sliplining . 24219.13 Pipe Jacking and Microtunneling 24419.14 Other Considerations during Pipe Laying 245CONTENTS xiii19.15 Use of Temporary Trench Shoring 24519.16 Trench Construction in Rock 24619.17 Thrust Blocks, Concrete Encasement, Rigid Connections 24619.
47、18 Valves . 24819.19 Testing and Acceptance 249APPENDIX A EXCAVATORS CHECKLIST . 251APPENDIX B INDUSTRY ORGANIZATIONS . 255APPENDIX C MODIFIED IOWA FORMULA . 261INDEX 263This page intentionally left blank CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTIONPipeline construction is complex and demanding, and requires the services
48、of skilled contractors and craftsmen. Construction quality control and assurance are strict job requirements. The design engineers drawings and specifi cations usually describe the quality and fi nal results the owner expects. The constructor must then select the construction procedures to complete
49、the work as envisioned by the project designer. The best results are obtained when good interpersonal relationships exist between all parties.This manual provides help for those readers with limited technical backgrounds or those without specifi c working knowledge of a variety of pipe materials, although the level of detail should satisfy those who have wider work experiences. Nontechnical personnel needing basic informa-tion regarding the pipeline installation process will also fi nd this manual use
