1、 ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 123Prestressed Concrete Transmission Pole StructuresRecommended Practice for Design and InstallationPrepared by the Task Committee on Concrete Transmission Pole Structures of the Committee of Electrical Transmission Structures of the Structural E
2、ngineering Institute of the American Society of Civil EngineersEdited byWesley J. Oliphant, P.E., andDouglas C. Sherman, P.E.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataPrestressed concrete transmission pole structures: recommended practice for design and installation / prepared by the Task Co
3、mmittee on Concrete Transmission Pole Structures, of the Committee of Electrical Transmission Structures, of the Structural Engineering Institute, of the American Society of Civil Engineers; edited by Wesley J. Oliphant, Douglas C. Sherman.p. cm. (ASCE manuals and reports on engineering practice; no
4、. 123)Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 978-0-7844-1211-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-7844-7679-6 (ebook)1. Electric linesPoles and towersDesign and construction. 2. Electric linesPoles and towersInstallation. 3. Prestressed concrete polesDesign and construction. 4. Prestressed c
5、oncrete polesInstallation. I. Oliphant, Wesley J. II. Sherman, Douglas C. III. Structural Engineering Institute. Task Committee on Concrete Pole Structures.TA683.5.P65P74 2012621.31922dc232012010308Published by American Society of Civil Engineers1801 Alexander Bell DriveReston, Virginia 20191www.asc
6、e.org/pubsAny statements expressed in these materials are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of ASCE, which takes no responsibility for any statement made herein. No reference made in this publication to any specifi c method, product, process, or service const
7、itutes or implies an endorsement, recommendation, or warranty thereof by ASCE. The materials are for general information only and do not represent a standard of ASCE, nor are they intended as a reference in purchase specifi cations, contracts, regulations, statutes, or any other legal document.ASCE
8、makes no representation or warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, apparatus, product, or process discussed in this publication, and assumes no liability therefor. This information should not be used without
9、 fi rst securing competent advice with respect to its suitability for any general or specifi c application. Anyone utilizing this information assumes all liability arising from such use, including but not limited to infringement of any patent or patents.ASCE and American Society of Civil EngineersRe
10、gistered in U.S. Patent and Trade-mark Offi ce.Photocopies and permissions. Permission to photocopy or reproduce material from ASCE publications can be obtained by sending an e-mail to permissionsasce.org or by locating a title in ASCEs online database (http:/cedb.asce.org) and using the “Permission
11、 to Reuse” link.Cover photographs courtesy of Valmont Newmark. Reproduced with permission.Copyright 2012 by the American Society of Civil Engineers.All Rights Reserved.ISBN 978-0-7844-1211-4 (paper)ISBN 978-0-7844-7679-6 (e-book)Manufactured in the United States of America.18 17 16 15 14 13 12 1 2 3
12、 4 5MANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE(As developed by the ASCE Technical Procedures Committee, July 1930, and revised March 1935, February 1962, and April 1982)A manual or report in this series consists of an orderly presentation of facts on a particular subject, supplemented by an analysi
13、s of limitations and applications of these facts. It contains information useful to the average engineer in his or her everyday work, rather than fi ndings that may be useful only occasionally or rarely. It is not in any sense a “stan-dard,” however; nor is it so elementary or so conclusive as to pr
14、ovide a “rule of thumb” for nonengineers.Furthermore, material in this series, in distinction from a paper (which expresses only one persons observations or opinions), is the work of a committee or group selected to assemble and express information on a specifi c topic. As often as practicable, the
15、committee is under the direction of one or more of the Technical Divisions and Councils, and the product evolved has been subjected to review by the Executive Committee of the Division or Council. As a step in the process of this review, proposed manuscripts are often brought before the members of t
16、he Technical Divisions and Councils for comment, which may serve as the basis for improvement. When published, each work shows the names of the com-mittees by which it was compiled and indicates clearly the several pro-cesses through which it has passed in review in order that its merit may be defi
17、nitely understood.In February 1962 (and revised in April 1982) the Board of Direction voted to establish a series titled, “Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice,” to include the Manuals published and authorized to date, future Manuals of Professional Practice, and Reports on Engineering Practi
18、ce. All such Manual or Report material of the Society would have been ref-ereed in a manner approved by the Board Committee on Publications and would be bound, with applicable discussion, in books similar to past Manuals. Numbering would be consecutive and would be a continuation of present Manual n
19、umbers. In some cases of reports of joint committees, bypassing of Journal publications may be authorized.MANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE CURRENTLY AVAILABLENo. Title28 Hydrology Handbook, Second Edition45 How to Select and Work Effectively with Consulting Engineers: Getting the Best Pro
20、ject, 2012 Edition50 Planning and Design Guidelines for Small Craft Harbors, Revised Edition54 Sedimentation Engineering, Classic Edition60 Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction, Second Edition62 Existing Sewer Evaluation and Reha-bilitation, Third Edition66 Structural Plastics Selection Ma
21、nual67 Wind Tunnel Studies of Buildings and Structures71 Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management, Second Edition73 Quality in the Constructed Project: A Guide for Owners, Designers, and Constructors, Third Edition74 Guidelines for Electrical Transmission Line Structural Loading, Third Editio
22、n77 Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management Systems79 Steel Penstocks, Second Edition81 Guidelines for Cloud Seeding to Augment Precipitation, Second Edition85 Quality of Ground Water: Guidelines for Selection and Application of Fre-quently Used Methods91 Design of Guyed Electrical Tr
23、ansmis-sion Structures92 Manhole Inspection and Rehabilita-tion, Second Edition94 Inland Navigation: Locks, Dams, and Channels96 Guide to Improved Earthquake Perfor-mance of Electric Power Systems97 Hydraulic Modeling: Concepts and Practice98 Conveyance of Residuals from Water and Wastewater Treatme
24、nt99 Environmental Site Characterization and Remediation Design GuidanceNo. Title100 Groundwater Contamination by Organic Pollutants: Analysis and Remediation101 Underwater Investigations: Standard Practice Manual102 Design Guide for FRP Composite Connections103 Guide to Hiring and Retaining Great C
25、ivil Engineers104 Recommended Practice for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Products for Overhead Utility Line Structures105 Animal Waste Containment in Lagoons106 Horizontal Auger Boring Projects107 Ship Channel Design and Operation108 Pipeline Design for Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling109
26、Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) Operation in Wastewater Treatment Plants110 Sedimentation Engineering: Processes, Measurements, Modeling, and Practice111 Reliability-Based Design of Utility Pole Structures112 Pipe Bursting Projects113 Substation Structure Design Guide114 Performance-Based Design o
27、f Struc-tural Steel for Fire Conditions115 Pipe Ramming Projects116 Navigation Engineering Practice and Ethical Standards117 Inspecting Pipeline Installation118 Belowground Pipeline Networks for Utility Cables119 Buried Flexible Steel Pipe: Design and Structural Analysis120 Trenchless Renewal of Cul
28、verts and Storm Sewers121 Safe Operation and Maintenance of Dry Dock Facilities122 Sediment Dynamics upon Dam Removal123 Prestressed Concrete Transmission Pole Structures: Recommended Practice for Design and InstallationCOMMITTEE ON ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION STRUCTURES TASK COMMITTEE ON CONCRETE POLE
29、STRUCTURESCochairs: Wesley J. Oliphant, P.E. Douglas C. Sherman, P.E.Members: Frank W. Agnew, P.E.Melanie Bragdon, P.E.Byron E. Chandler, P.E.Dana R. Crissey, P.E.William Y. Ford, P.E., Vice ChairFouad H. Fouad, Ph.D., P.E.Meihuan Z. Fulk, Ph.D., P.E.Bryan J. Hanft, P.E.Jaber K. JaberPaul M. Legrand
30、 II, P.E.Herbert H. Payne Jr., P.E.Archie D. Pugh, P.E.David H. Seligson, P.E.Kenneth L. Sharpless, P.E.,SecretaryDavid D. Villarreal, P.E.John L. Webb, P.E.C. Jerry Wong, Ph.D., P.E.vThis page intentionally left blank BLUE RIBBON REVIEW PANELJon M. Ferguson, P.E., POWER Engineers, Inc.John P. Gerva
31、is, P.E., Valmont-NewmarkPaul C. Jakob, P.E., Progress Energy FloridaRobert Mitchell (Mitch) Currah, P.E., Lower Colorado River Authority (Retired)Garold D. Oberlender, Ph.D, P.E., Oklahoma State UniversityMahesh Pandey, University of WaterlooMaria Anna Polak, Ph.D., P.Eng., University of WaterlooMo
32、rris Stover, P.E., Kiewit Power Engineers Co.F. Blake Tucker, P.E., American Electric PowerKenneth Wright, P.E., Tucson Electric Power Co.viiThis page intentionally left blank CONTENTSPREFACE . xiii1 STRUCTURAL CONFIGURATIONS AND POLE APPLICATIONS 1Confi gurations 2Electrical Utility Applications 7R
33、eferences 132 INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS . 15Physical Characteristics 15Loads 15Defl ection 16Transportation and Erection . 16Attachments 16Guying . 17Climbing and Maintenance 18Grounding . 19Testing 20References 213 MATERIALS 23Concrete Materials . 23Properties of Concrete . 24Steel Reinforcement . 24M
34、iscellaneous Materials 27References 284 DESIGN 31Design Considerations 32Multisection Concrete Poles . 34Hybrid (Steel and Concrete) Poles 36ixx CONTENTSReverse Taper Poles . 37Concrete Pole Design as Related to Wood Pole Equivalency 38Design Criteria . 39Design Methodology . 42References 485 CONNEC
35、TIONS . 51Methods of Connection . 53Connection Design Considerations . 59Connection Failure Modes . 63Installation Considerations. 67References 676 FOUNDATIONS . 69Design Considerations 69Foundation Types 70Guy Wires and Anchors 72References 737 MANUFACTURING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE 75Design and Drawi
36、ngs 75Manufacturing Process 76Quality Assurance 80References 838 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION . 85Hauling and Access . 85Handling 88Framing . 88Field Drilling . 91Field Cutting . 93Erection 93Weight Considerations 99Climbing 99Storage . 99References 1009 INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR 101Inspection 10
37、1Maintenance and Repair . 103References 10710 STRUCTURE TESTING 109Foundations and Anchors 110Material 111Manufacture 111Assembly and Erection . 112CONTENTS xiTest Loads 112Load Application . 112Loading Procedure 113Load Measurement 113Defl ection 113Failures 114Report 115Special Considerations for
38、Horizontal Testing . 115APPENDIX I SAMPLE PURCHASER TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SPUN-CAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE POLES FOR TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION STRUCTURES . 119APPENDIX II SAMPLE PURCHASER TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR STATIC-CAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE POLES FOR TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION S
39、TRUCTURES . 131APPENDIX III ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR PURCHASERS SPECIFICATION FOR STATIC- AND SPUN-CAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE POLES FOR TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION STRUCTURES . 143APPENDIX IV METHODOLOGY FOR SELECTING AN APPROPRIATE CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TO BE USED IN THE DESIGN OF CONCRE
40、TE POLES . 149GLOSSARY . 151NOTATION . 155INDEX 157This page intentionally left blank PREFACEThe purpose of this manual is to provide the reader with a basic knowl-edge of the principles and methods for the design, manufacturing, and use of prestressed spun- and static-cast concrete poles for overhe
41、ad utility line structures. This manual is the result of a multiyear collaborative effort by engineers from electric utilities, consulting fi rms, and manufacturers engaged in the design and application of these structures.Since the publication in 1987 of the ASCE Guide for the Design and Use of Con
42、crete Poles and the 1994 ASCE-PCI Committee Report “Guide for the Design of Prestressed Concrete Poles,” signifi cant advancements and innovations have been realized in concrete pole design and manufactur-ing technologies. These advancements have propelled the use of concrete poles into an ever-incr
43、easing and signifi cant role in the design and con-struction of overhead utility line structures.Technological advances have occurred in three key areas. First, the types and quality of the raw materials used in the production of high-performance concrete have improved dramatically. Second, advanced
44、 manufacturing methods and equipment to produce high-quality, stronger, and longer length poles are being used. Third, with meaningful research and development (R guyed; framed; or combined.Electrical utility applications for these confi gurations include transmis-sion line structures, distribution
45、line structures, and substation structures. This chapter provides details of structural confi gurations and applications of prestressed concrete poles by electrical utilities.CONFIGURATIONSCantilevered StructuresThe most common use of concrete pole structures is cantilevered poles directly embedded
46、in the earth or supported by a foundation. Typical cantilevered structures are shown in Fig. 1-1 through Fig. 1-4. They can Fig. 1-1. Single circuit cantilevered braced line post tangent structureSource: Photograph courtesy of Valmont Newmark. Reproduced with permission.STRUCTURAL CONFIGURATIONS AND
47、 POLE APPLICATIONS 3Fig. 1-2. Single circuit cantilevered line post tangent structuresSource: Photograph courtesy of Valmont Newmark. Reproduced with permission.be single-pole or multipole structures depending on how the phase con-ductors are oriented. Cantilevered structures, often called self-supp
48、orting structures, are designed to withstand various combinations of vertical and horizontal loads as an unsupported beam-column. Although shear and torsion loads create stresses on the structure, the design of a cantilevered structure is generally controlled by the bending stresses caused by hori-z
49、ontal loads. Horizontal loads are usually the result of wire tension and wind forces on the structure, equipment, and wires. Eccentric vertical loads also contribute to bending stresses. Eccentric vertical loads can be caused by equipment and conductor loads and by the vertical load of the structure in a defl ected state.Guyed StructuresAnother category of prestressed concrete structures is guyed struc-tures. To reduce the bending stresses associated with cantilevered struc-tures, steel wire g
