1、 Building Security Rating System ffirs01.indd iffirs01.indd i 11/24/2014 5:11:23 PM11/24/2014 5:11:23 PMThis page intentionally left blank ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 128 Building Security Rating System Checklists to Assess Risks, Consequences, and Security Countermeasures P
2、repared by the Building Rating Security Committee (BRSC) of the Architectural Engineering Institute (AEI) of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Edited by Mohammed M. Ettouney , Ph.D., P.E. ffirs02.indd iiiffirs02.indd iii 11/24/2014 5:11:24 PM11/24/2014 5:11:24 PMLibrary of Congress Cata
3、loging-in-Publication Data Building security rating system : checklists to assess risks, consequences, and security countermeasures / prepared by the Building Rating Security Committee (BRSC) of the Architectural Engineering Institute (AEI) of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) ; edited
4、by Mohammed M. Ettouney, Ph.D., P.E., MBA, F.AEI, Dist.M.ASCE. pages cm.(ASCE manuals and reports on engineering practice ; no. 128) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7844-1334-0 (print)ISBN 978-0-7844-7838-7 (pdf) 1. BuildingsSecurity measuresEvaluation. 2. Security systemsE
5、valuation. I. Ettouney, Mohammed. II. Architectural Engineering Institute. Building Rating Security Committee. TH9705.B8465 2014 621.389 28dc23 2014010558 Published by American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia, 20191-4382 www.asce.org/bookstore | ascelibrary.org
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11、asce.org ) or ASCE Library ( http:/ascelibrary.org ) and using the “Permis-sions” link. Errata: Errata, if any, can be found at http:/dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413340 Copyright 2015 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-7844-1334-0 (paper) ISBN 978-0-7844-7838-7
12、 (PDF) Manufactured in the United States of America. 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 1 2 3 4 5 Cover photo credit: Mr. Martin Denholm of the Smith Group, Washington, DC. ffirs03.indd ivffirs03.indd iv 11/24/2014 5:11:26 PM11/24/2014 5:11:26 PMMANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE (As developed by the
13、ASCE Technical Procedures Committee, July 1930, and revised March 1935, February 1962, and April 1982) A manual or report in this series consists of an orderly presentation of facts on a particular subject, supplemented by an analysis of limitations and applications of these facts. It contains infor
14、mation useful to the average engineer in his or her everyday work, rather than fi ndings that may be useful only occasionally or rarely. It is not in any sense a “standard,” however; nor is it so elementary or so conclusive as to provide a “rule of thumb” for nonengineers. Furthermore, material in t
15、his series, in distinction from a paper (which expresses only one person s observations or opinions), is the work of a committee or group selected to assemble and express information on a specifi c topic. As often as practicable the committee is under the direction of one or more of the Technical Di
16、visions and Councils, and the product evolved has been subjected to review by the Executive Committee of the Division or Council. As a step in the process of this review, pro-posed manuscripts are often brought before the members of the Technical Divisions and Councils for comment, which may serve a
17、s the basis for improvement. When published, each work shows the names of the committees by which it was compiled and indicates clearly the several processes through which it has passed in review, so that its merit may be defi nitely understood. In February 1962 (and revised in April 1982), the Boar
18、d of Direction voted to establish a series titled “Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice,” to include the Manuals published and autho-rized to date, future Manuals of Professional Practice, and Reports on Engineering Practice. All such Manual or Report material of the Society would have been r
19、efereed in a manner approved by the Board Committee on Publications and would be bound, with applicable discussion, in books similar to past Manuals. Numbering would be consecutive and would be a continuation of present Manual numbers. In some cases of joint committee reports, bypassing of Journal p
20、ublications may be authorized. A list of available Manuals of Practice can be found at http:/www.asce.org/bookstore . ffirs04.indd vffirs04.indd v 11/24/2014 5:11:28 PM11/24/2014 5:11:28 PMThis page intentionally left blank BUILDING RATING SECURITY COMMITTEE (BRSC) Mohammed Ettouney, Ph.D., P.E., MB
21、A, Dist.M.ASCE, F.AEI Principal, Weidlinger Associates, New York, NY Chairman Sreenivas Alampalli, Ph.D., P.E., MBA, F.ASCE, F.ASNT Director, Structures Evaluation Services Bureau, New York State Department of Transportation, Albany, NY Scott Campbell, Ph.D., P.E. President, Structural Analysis Cons
22、ulting Group, Milwaukee, WI Amar Chaker, Ph.D., F.AEI, F.EMI, F.ASCE Director, Engineering Mechanics Institute, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA Martin Denholm, F.AIA, LEED AP, BSCP Vice President, Smith Group Mark Hankewycz, CPP, M.AEI President, Security Consulting and Design Servic
23、es, M2H Protection, Middletown, MD Milagros Kennett, M.AEI Director, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Washington, DC Rober J. Lomb, Jr., CPP, RCDD, PSP, BSCP Senior Security Engineer, Exp US Services Inc., Chicago, IL Detective Arturo Mendez NYPD/DHS Liaison, New York City Police Department , N
24、ew York, NY Paul Mlakar, Ph.D., P.E., Dist.M.ASCE Senior Research Scientist, U.S. Army Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS Hasan Aydin Pekoz, Ph.D., P.E., LEED AP Senior Engineer, Weidlinger Associates, New York, NY David C. Weggel, Ph.D., P.E., A.M.ASCE Associate Professor of Civil Engin
25、eering, University of North Carolina at Charlotte APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES James Brokaw Larry Bryant Anthony DiGregorio Douglas Fitzgerald Douglas Hall Joseph Smith Joseph Stevens ffirs05.indd viiffirs05.indd vii 11/24/2014 5:11:30 PM11/24/2014 5:11:30 PMBLUE RIBBON REVIEW PANEL Sharada Alampalli
26、 President, Prospect Solutions, Loudonville, NY Peter DiMaggio, P.E. Principal, Weidlinger Associates, New York, NY Adam Hapij, P.E. Senior Associate, Weidlinger Associates, New York, NY Ali Memari, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE Professor, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA James Ruggieri, P.E
27、. President, General Machine Corporation, Fairfax Station, VA ASCE / AEI STAFF Carol Kurlancheek, P.E., LEED AP, M.ASCE Verna Jameson, Aff.M.ASCE ffirs05.indd viiiffirs05.indd viii 11/24/2014 5:11:30 PM11/24/2014 5:11:30 PMixCONTENTSPreface xi1. Introduction 11.1 Purpose 11.2 Basis 11.3 This Documen
28、t 22. Building Classifi cation 32.1 Overview 32.2 Methodology: General 32.3 General Classifi cation Approach 42.4 Primary Hazard Classifi cation Factors 52.5 Secondary Hazard Classifi cation Factors 52.6 Primary Impact/Consequence Classifi cation Factors 82.7 Secondary Impact/Consequence Classifi ca
29、tion Factors 92.8 Mathematical Evaluation of Building Classifi cation 103. Countermeasure Evaluation 133.1 Overview 133.2 Countermeasure Levels 133.3 Layout of Levels 133.4 Required Countermeasures 183.5 Not Applicable Countermeasures 183.6 Interrelationships among Countermeasures 194. Building Secu
30、rity Rating 214.1 Overview 214.2 Description of Rating Categories 214.3 Rating System Philosophy 234.4 Process of Rating Building Security 234.5 Bonus Points 25APPENDIX A Classifi cation and Impact Questions 27APPENDIX B Rating Class and Countermeasure Requirements for Each Rating Level 33APPENDIX C
31、 Innovations in Building Security 45APPENDIX D Countermeasure Commentary for Level 1, Rated 47APPENDIX E Countermeasure Commentary for Level 2, Bronze 57APPENDIX F Countermeasure Commentary for Level 3, Silver 77ftoc.indd ixftoc.indd ix 11/25/2014 1:46:03 PM11/25/2014 1:46:03 PMx contentsAPPENDIX G
32、Countermeasure Commentary for Level 4, Gold 103APPENDIX H Countermeasure Commentary for Level 5, Platinum 139References 159Index 165ftoc.indd xftoc.indd x 11/24/2014 5:11:34 PM11/24/2014 5:11:34 PMxiPREFACE This document presents a building security rating system (BSRS), which addresses security-rel
33、ated disciplinesfrom conceptual to design and development to operations and maintenanceand enables improved survivability of buildings and occupants subjected to terrorist attack. The BSRS rates build-ings for their relative security using a rigorous system that (1) identifi es physical and operatio
34、nal criteria that enhance building security and (2) compares building conformity with those criteria. The system includes the development and maintenance of a security-enhancing physical and operations rating protocol. Personnel training is the key to this end. This training includes, but is not lim
35、ited to, continued adequate certifi cation and education programs. Conceptually, the BSRS is similar to the U.S. Green Building Council s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) system; both systems rate buildings according to an accepted set of rules for ensuring particular categories
36、of performance in their respective fi elds. Technically, the build-ing security rating system is based on the physical and operational features defi ned in FEMA 426 ( 2003a ). FEMA 426 provides guidance for building stakeholders to reduce physical damage to build-ings, related infrastructure, and pe
37、ople caused by terrorist assaults. This approach allows for the effec-tive transfer of decades of federal and Department of Defense (DoD) research and experience to the broader building science community. The guidance of FEMA 426 is presented in the form of a com-prehensive qualitative checklist tha
38、t covers the essential 13 building security disciplines. In addition, FEMA 426 provides a complete commentary to all security items in the checklist to guide the user and ensure accurate implementation. The conceptual and technical basis of the system is described in Section 1.2 of Chapter 1. The BS
39、RS system is based on three pillars: building classifi cation, security countermeasures, and the building security rating as shown in Fig. P-1 . The three are interdependent, and their interdepen-dency is accommodated in the rating system methodology. Note that Version 2.0, presented in this manual,
40、 covers only buildings; no other types of infrastructures are covered. The building is classifi ed, from a security viewpoint, into four classes. The classes (A, B, C, and D, from higher to lower security sensitivity) depend on both security exposure (hazard or threat) and consequence of loss (effec
41、ts of loss). The classifi cation system covers all important aspects of the hazards and the effects of terrorist attacks on buildings in a qualitative-to-quantitative method. The method is simple, based on a checklist and multiple-choice approach as detailed in Chapter 1. The multiple choices help i
42、n assigning quantitative values to the qualitative checklist. A simple method is then applied to quantify the fi nal building security classifi cation (A, B, C, or D). The multiple choice checklists for building classifi cations are given in Appendix A. The second pillar of the rating system compris
43、es the fi ve rating categories. From the least secure to the most secure, the ratings are rated bronze, silver, gold, and platinum. Awarding a particular security rating category to a building depends on the building class (the fi rst pillar) and existing secu-rity countermeasures (the third pillar)
44、. A description of the security rating categories is provided in Chapter 4. The third pillar of the rating system is the security countermeasure (mitigation) evaluation. The basis of this step is that for each of the fi ve security rating categories and the four building classes, a minimum level of
45、security countermeasures must be implemented. The security countermeasure evalu-ation identifi es 20 levels of countermeasures for the rating categorybuilding class combinations. The different security countermeasures are subdivided by discipline (similar to FEMA 426). Given a desired security ratin
46、g category, the building must achieve certain combinations of countermeasure levels. The procedures for achieving particular levels of countermeasures are detailed in Chapter 3. The actual checklists of all countermeasures are given in Appendix B. fpref.indd xifpref.indd xi 11/24/2014 5:11:31 PM11/2
47、4/2014 5:11:31 PMxii prefaceTo promote innovations in building security, the rating system includes extra points. Details are provided in Appendix C. A security evaluation is a complex undertaking, because it covers several disciplines and relies heavily on the qualitative judgment of professionals.
48、 To help in standardizing and simplifying the rating system, comprehensive commentary is given in Appendixes D, E, F, G, and H. Finally, a com-prehensive bibliography is supplied in the references. In summary, this document describes a comprehensive method for rating building security. The method is
49、 straightforward and comprehensive and is based on the state of the art of building security. It is multidisciplinary, with appropriate representation of all disciplines factoring into building security. The methodology accounts for threat, effect, and mitigation as related to building security and, in doing so, provides a quantifi able measure of building security status: the building security rating. Knowledge of the building se
