1、ASHRAE GUIDELINEASHRAE Guideline 20-2010Approved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on June 26, 2010, and by the ASHRAE Board of Directorson June 30, 2010. This guideline is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Guideline Project Committee (SGPC) for whichthe Standards Committee has established
2、a documented program for regular publication of addenda orrevisions, including procedures for timely, documented, consensus action on requests for change to any partof the guideline. The change submittal form, instructions, and deadlines may be obtained in electronic formfrom the ASHRAE Web site (ww
3、w.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Manager of Standards. The latestedition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased from the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or fromASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org.Fax: 404-321-5478. Telephone: 404-
4、636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US andCanada). For reprint permission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. Copyright 2010 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ISSN 1049-894XAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigeratingand Air-Cond
5、itioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329www.ashrae.orgDocumentingHVAC while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Guideline.Development of ASHRAE Guidelines follows procedures similar to those for
6、 ASHRAE Standards except that (a) committee balance isdesired but not required, (b) an effort is made to achieve consensus but consensus is not required, (c) Guidelines are not appealable, and(d) Guidelines are not submitted to ANSI for approval.The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted
7、 for:a. interpretation of the contents of this Guideline,b. participation in the next review of the Guideline,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Guideline, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Guideline.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidel
8、ines for the benefit of the public in light of available information andaccepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelin
9、es or that any tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for ratingpurposes, by sug
10、gesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providingother information that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is compl
11、etely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standing Guideline Project Committee 20Cognizant TC: TC 1.5, Computer ApplicationsSPLS Liais
12、on: Nadar R. JayaramanCharles S. Barnaby, Chair* Wayne A. Dunn Michael Andrew Pouchak*Robert J. Hitchcock, Vice-Chair* James Forester* Steven L. RosenMichael Galler, Secretary* Krishnan Gowri* Stephen B. Roth*Norman Bourassa Philip Haves Lawrence Schaefer*Martha Brook* John F. Kennedy* Pornsak Songk
13、akulMartin Burns* Mark E. Palmer Andrew D. Stadheim*John Crosby* Peng Xu*Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20092010Steven T. Bushby, ChairH. Michael Newman, Vice-ChairDouglass S. AbramsonRobert G. BakerMichael F. BedaHoy R. Boha
14、non, Jr.Kenneth W. CooperK. William DeanMartin DieryckxAllan B. FraserNadar R. JayaramanByron W. JonesJay A. KohlerCarol E. MarriottMerle F. McBrideFrank MyersJanice C. PetersonDouglas T. ReindlLawrence J. SchoenBoggarm S. SettyBodh R. SubherwalJames R. TaubyJames K. VallortWilliam F. WalterMichael
15、W. WoodfordCraig P. WrayWayne R. Reedy, BOD ExOThomas E. Watson, COStephanie Reiniche, Manager of StandardsCONTENTSASHRAE Guideline 20-2010Documenting HVAC analysis tools, such as loads calculation software,require specialized input; and building owners maintainoperational records using schemes of t
16、heir own devising. Asproject information management is increasingly automated,this inefficient and error-prone “Tower of Babel” situation israpidly becoming untenable.This problem is obviously not unique to the HVAC use cases are a means ofcommunicating that understanding. Section 4.1 providesspecif
17、ics about using Guideline 20 methods.Use case documents must be handed off to data modelingexperts capable of reviewing existing BIM data models forcoverage and then developing new data definitions to addressgaps in existing models. Individual use case documents aregenerally working documents that r
18、equire iterative modifica-tion as these subsequent steps are taken. For this reason, theinitial set of use case documentsand all newly developed usecase documentswill be maintained on the Guideline ProjectCommittee 20 (GPC 20) Web site1to allow their independentmodification without continuing mainte
19、nance of Guideline 20.Each individual use case document contains detailed defi-nitions of the key participants (defined as actors) in thatprocess and the data (data groups and data elements) that areexchanged between participants. These participants and dataare likely to be common to a variety of us
20、e case processes. Forexample, mechanical engineers may participate in both“Selecting Equipment” and “Collecting Functional TestData,” and air-handling units (AHUs) are likely included inboth of these processes. To aid development of new use casesand to avoid duplication and divergence of definitions
21、 forparticipants and data common to multiple use cases, GPC 20will also maintain documents containing the superset ofparticipant and data definitions from all ASHRAE use casesfor easy reference by new use case developers, data modelers,and software vendors. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating
22、 and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.4 ASHRAE Guideline 20-20104.1 Using Guideline 204.1.1 Using the Guideline 20
23、 Use Case DevelopmentMethod. It is anticipated ASHRAE members and interestedparties will use the Guideline 20 method to developHVAC the consistency across alltables was manually maintained throughout the developmentprocess.There are alternative methods of documenting activitysequences, approaches th
24、at range from the simple textualmethod above to formal diagramming methods developed inthe software engineering domain such as UML (UnifiedModeling Language) activity diagrams. Use case authorsfamiliar with such alternative methods are encouraged toemploy them if they are deemed useful.6.7 Use Case
25、Data Transactions. One alternative methodof documenting activity sequences that can serve to moreclearly focus attention on the exchange of data groupsbetween actors is to create a table of data transactions (seeTable 4). Each transaction row in the following table corre-sponds to its numbered activ
26、ity in the list in the previous sec-tion. Each transaction captures the exchange of one or moredata groups identified for that activity, the primary actorresponsible for that activity, and the source actor and destina-tion actor involved in the data exchange. If a single activityinvolves more than o
27、ne transaction, or data groups areexchanged between different actors or in different directions,multiple transactions should be listed and sub-numbered (e.g.,1.1, 1.2, ) based on their associated activity.6.8 Use Case Data Groups. The primary goal of elaborat-ing use case activities and data transac
28、tions is to systemati-cally identify key data groups of information that must beexchanged between actors to accomplish the activities. Thissection of use case documentation captures and, as uniquelyand unambiguously as possible, defines the identified datagroups. Table 5 below lists the ENG-01 data
29、groups and theirdefinitions.6.8.1 Data Group Naming Method from RP-1354. Thenaming and defining of data groups for a given use case mustnot take place in a vacuum. The name and meaning of eachdata group will lead to identification of data elements in thenext step described in Section 6.9. Also, cons
30、iderable thoughthas been given to this type of definition in other contexts bothwithin and outside ASHRAE. Efforts should be made toexamine existing definitions for each identified data groupand to reuse existing definitions where possible.A method for developing data group Names and defini-tions wa
31、s tested in ASHRAE research project RP-1354. Theapproach is to propose an initial data group name and listrelated terms that can be searched for in existing terminologysources. For example, a subset of data groups and related termstaken from RP-1354 for the development of the ENG-01 usecase document
32、ation is shown in Table 6.Two general sources of definitions were then examinedfor the RP-1354 study: dictionaries with a focus on theHVAC *.tif, or *.wpg).Files on a CD: Electronic signature on change submittal form (as a picture; *.tif, or *.wpg) or a letter with submitters signature accompanying
33、the CD or sent by facsimile (single letter may cover all of proponents proposed changes). Submit an e-mail or a CD containing the change proposal files to:Manager of StandardsASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle, NEAtlanta, GA 30329-2305E-mail: change.proposalashrae.org(Alternatively, mail paper versions to ASH
34、RAE address or fax to 404-321-5478.)The form and instructions for electronic submittal may be obtained from the Standards section of ASHRAEs Home Page,www.ashrae.org, or by contacting a Standards Secretary, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. Phone: 404-636-8400. Fax: 404-321-5478. E-mai
35、l: standards.sectionashrae.org. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.FO
36、RM FOR SUBMITTAL OF PROPOSED CHANGE TO ANASHRAE STANDARD UNDER CONTINUOUS MAINTENANCENOTE: Use a separate form for each comment. Submittals (Microsoft Word preferred) may be attached to e-mail (preferred),submitted on a CD, or submitted in paper by mail or fax to ASHRAE, Manager of Standards, 1791 T
37、ullie Circle, NE, Atlanta,GA 30329-2305. E-mail: change.proposalashrae.org. Fax: +1-404/321-5478.1. Submitter:Affiliation:Address: City: State: Zip: Country:Telephone: Fax: E-Mail:I hereby grant the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE) the non-excl
38、usive royalty rights, including non-exclusive rights in copyright, in my proposals. I understand that I acquire no rights in publication of the standard in which my proposals in this or other analogous form is used. I hereby attest that I have the author-ity and am empowered to grant this copyright
39、release.Submitters signature: _ Date: _2. Number and year of standard:3. Page number and clause (section), subclause, or paragraph number:4. I propose to: Change to read as follows Delete and substitute as follows(check one) Add new text as follows Delete without substitutionUse underscores to show
40、material to be added (added) and strike through material to be deleted (deleted). Use additional pages if needed.5. Proposed change:6. Reason and substantiation:7. Will the proposed change increase the cost of engineering or construction? If yes, provide a brief explanation asto why the increase is
41、justified. Check if additional pages are attached. Number of additional pages: _ Check if attachments or referenced materials cited in this proposal accompany this proposed change. Please verify that allattachments and references are relevant, current, and clearly labeled to avoid processing and rev
42、iew delays. Please list yourattachments here:Rev. 3-9-2007All electronic submittals must have the following statement completed: I (insert name) , through this electronic signature, hereby grant the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) the non-exclusive
43、royalty rights, including non-exclusive rights in copyright, in my proposals. I understand that I acquire no rights in publication of the stan-dard in which my proposals in this or other analogous form is used. I hereby attest that I have the authority and am empow-ered to grant this copyright relea
44、se. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.POLICY STATEMENT DEFINING ASHR
45、AES CONCERNFOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ITS ACTIVITIESASHRAE is concerned with the impact of its members activities on both the indoor and outdoor environment. ASHRAEsmembers will strive to minimize any possible deleterious effect on the indoor and outdoor environment of the systems andcomponents
46、 in their responsibility while maximizing the beneficial effects these systems provide, consistent with acceptedstandards and the practical state of the art.ASHRAEs short-range goal is to ensure that the systems and components within its scope do not impact the indoor andoutdoor environment to a gre
47、ater extent than specified by the standards and guidelines as established by itself and otherresponsible bodies.As an ongoing goal, ASHRAE will, through its Standards Committee and extensive technical committee structure,continue to generate up-to-date standards and guidelines where appropriate and
48、adopt, recommend, and promote those newand revised standards developed by other responsible organizations.Through its Handbook, appropriate chapters will contain up-to-date standards and design considerations as the material issystematically revised.ASHRAE will take the lead with respect to dissemin
49、ation of environmental information of its primary interest and will seekout and disseminate information from other responsible organizations that is pertinent, as guides to updating standards andguidelines.The effects of the design and selection of equipment and systems will be considered within the scope of the systemsintended use and expected misuse. The disposal of hazardous materials, if any, will also be considered.ASHRAEs primary concern for environmental impact w
