1、COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesFive days or less, at D- 1300 Series. Give us five working days and well ship quality, affordable dampers built to your exact specifications. At no extra charge. Need faster delivery? Ask fo
2、r our fast-track service and your dampers will ship in just one day. Theyre always there when you need them. Single-ply blades for maximum value. Dual- ply blades for high performance. Or smoke dampers for smoke management and control. And yes, we also have airfoil blades and new gear - driven dampe
3、rs. And theyre built tough. Frames are constructed from 13-gauge galvanized steel; Nobodv delivers dampers like we do. single-ply blades are 16-gauge steel; dual-ply are 22-gauge steel. Our end-channel linkage doesnt interrupt air flow, so its more reliable and less noisy than center linkage. And ou
4、r top-quality seals are designed to reduce leakage. For quality, affordable dampers, backed by more than 20 years of experience, contact your local Johnson Controls representative today. Or call 1-800-972-8040. J “SON CONTR 8 LS Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-0423 Markham, Ontario L3R 5V4 01994 Johnson
5、Conrrols, Inc. 9446 (Circle No. 1 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Soc
6、iety of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services20001 Taking gas boiler 21st centuiy. d Giving boiler efficiency and durability a higher priority than ever before. Exclusive new heat exchanger has a patented, integrated baffle design that provides better heat
7、transfer, more hot water, faster1 Legend 2000 headers are all-bronze, compared to the cast iron headers of other boilers Smallest footprint of any high efficiency boiler, plus zero clearance, simplifies installation 23“ x 32“ Ideal for retrofits Hot surface ignition. Provides safe, reliable 24 volt
8、ignition Ignitor can be inspected without removing the burner Easily servicable All stainless steel burner Radial fired design Laser-welded, Corrosion resis- tant inconel 625 stainless construc- tion for years of reliable performance No moving partsi Advanced pre-mix combustion technology instead of
9、 the complicated, pressurized systems in some of the competitive boilers Built for long, reliable service. All waterways are copper, brass or bronze, rather than lesser quality metals One-piece casting eliminates gaskets in the wet section The exclusive A.O. Smith Dio-Scan Diagnostic System has LED
10、indicators that continuously display operating status of important functions The A O Srnith Legend 2000 boiler Another example of AO Smith on Target Today1 Where teamwork, technology and 50 years of industry leadership are being transformed into solutions that are right for the times A,m,moLuG3 WATE
11、R PRODUCTS COMPANY I Ilij I rLlicii i15i11 orJ Rochelle Park Suite 200 600 East John Carpenter Freeway Irving TX 75062 Unmatched on-site installation conve- nience. Cornes pre-adjusted, ready to operate Theres a Legend 2000 for every need. Available in 500,000 and 750,000 BTUs Smoliest footprint in
12、the industry Saves voluoble spoce Aiiows eose of entry and modular instollotions ih;hiGaCiP (Circle No 5 on Reader S COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesASHRAE TITLE*JOURN 37-8rSflS 75 W 0757650 0537867 084 TIMES CHANGE. Ever
13、since 1903, the heating and cooling industry has relied on Dunham-Bush, Dunham Division for well-engineered, flawlessly manufactured parts and equipment. Our company has always kept up with the times and the changes they bring with new design solutions. NAMES CHANGE. Now the company youve trusted th
14、rough this century has a new name for the next: MEPCO. As Marshall Engineered Products Company, MEPCO is developing new steam and hydronics products to meet the heating demands of the future. At the same time, were continuing to meet the demands for todays time-tested steam equipment. Times may chan
15、ge, names may change, but our quality and superior service will always keep us at the forefront of our industry. MARSHALL ENGINEERED PRODUCTS CO. 811 East Main Street Marshalltown, Iowa 50158 51 5-752-4291 FAX 515-753-0496 (Circle No. 6 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating,
16、Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesASHRAE TITLE*JOURN 37-*SMS 95 0759b50 0.537868 TL0 AUGUST 1995, Vol. 37, No. 8 Page 13: San Diego plant tour v Departments 7 8 12 27 28 176 178 180 181 182 i 86 Commentary Washington Report Industry News Olympics 1996 HVAC Ph. D.
17、, ! E., became Presiden of ASHRAE for 1995-96 at the ASHRAE Annual Meeting in San Diego, California. He has choser “Vision“ for his presidential theme. His Presi- dential Address begins on page 30. Art directior of the cover photograph by Greg Oaklief. Cover photography by Zachary Epps PhotographM l
18、nc Denver; Colorado. ASHRAE“ Journal (SSN.0001-2491) PUBLISHED MONTHLY, Copyright 1995 by the American Society of Heating. Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta. GA 30329. Second class postage paid at Atlanta, Georgia, and additional mailing dices. CHANG
19、E OF ADDJESS must be received at subscription oflice eight weeks before effective date. Send both old and new addresses for the change. MISSION STATEMENT-ASHRAE Journal reviews current HVAC and Frederick W. Mowrer, Ph.D., P.E. Visualization of Diffuser Outlet Flow Using Liquid Crystal Sheets By Alla
20、n T. Kirkpatrick, Ph.D. Development of a Knowledge-Based System For WAC Type Selection By Habib Shams; Ron M. Nelson, Ph.D., P.E.; Gregory M. Maxwell, Ph.D.; and Clint Leonard Special Sections Sixth Annual Supplier Capabilities Supplement ln-epth information on a wide range of companies and products
21、. Direct Digital Controls A roundup of available products. PUBLICATION DISCLAIMER-ASHRAE has compiled this publication with care, but ASHRAE has not investigated, and ASHRAE expressly disclaims any duty to investigate. any prod- uct, Sewice, process, procedure. design. orthelike which may be describ
22、ed herein. The appearance of any technical data, editorial material, or advertisement in this publication does not constitute endorsement, warranty. or guaranty by ASHRAE of any product. service. process, procedure, design. or the like. ASHRAE does not warrant thatthe information in this publication
23、 isfreederrors.andASHRAEdoesnotnscessarilyagreewithany siaiementor opinion inthispublication.Theentireriskoftheuse of any information in this publication is assumed by the user. SUBSCRIPTIONS-$6 per single copy (includes postage and handlingonmailorders). Subscriptionsfor mmbers$peryear, included wi
24、th annual dues. not deductible. Nonmember $49 (includespostage) in USA; $69(includes postageforcanadian and overseas orders). For subscription with air mail delivery outside USA, $119 Membership subscriptions have a common June expiration. Nonmember subscriptions may vary. Payment (USfunds) required
25、 with all orders. POSTMASTER: Send form 3579 to: ASHRAE Journal, 1791 Tullie Circle N.E Atlanta, GA 30329. LETTERWMANUSCRIPTS-Letters to the editor and man- uscripts for publication should be sent to William R Coker, Editor, ASHRAEJournal, 1791 Tullie Circle N E Atlanta. GA 30329 MICROFILM-This publ
26、ication.is microfilmed by University Micrdilms. Inc. (UMI). 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. For information on cost and issues available, you may contact UM1 at 313-761-4700. ASHRAE Journal August 1995 5 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Infor
27、mation Handling ServicesASHRAE TITLE*JOURN 37-8*SflS 95 O759650 0517869 957 Humidity Transducer Model HU-224/225 ultra-fast response polymer capacitance Not affected by condensation, fog, high Highly accurate, repeatable, stable output Wide 12-40 VDC/12-35 VAC unregulated Two temperature compensated
28、 output Non-interacting zero and span trimmers NIST traceable +, 2% or i3% calibration Two rugged enclosure types NEMA 4 (IP-65) Duct Mount or aesthetically appealing ABS plastic Short circuit and reverse polarity protected Output impedance up to 1.6K ohms for mA units and 1K ohms minimum for VDC un
29、its sensor humidity or contaminants with negligible hysteresis supply voltage versions, 4-20 mA 2-wire or field selectable 0-5 VDC/O-10 VDC For your free catalog, please call 1-800-843-51 16 MAMAC SYSTEMS“ MONITOR DECISION CONTROL 7400 Flying Cloud Drive Minneapolis, MN 553444720 USA 8lW843-5116 612
30、/835-1626 FAX 6128294331 - Hamilton House Dudley Road a Halesowen West Midlands 863 3“ United Kingdom TEL 021/585-5335 FAX 021/585-7330 1st Floor a Esanda House a 104 Frome Street Adelaide S. A. 5000 Australia TEL (08) 232 4551 FAX (OB) 232 4715 0 Registered Trademark MAMAC SYSTEMS9 Inc. (Circle No.
31、 7 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesASHRAE”JOURNA1 1791 Tullie Circle N.E. Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2305 Electronic Bulletin Board 1-404-636-8400 FAX 404-321-5478 404-235-0228 Controlling the Environme
32、nt Through Knowledge EXECUTIVE DIRECTORIPUBLISHER Frank M. Coda PUBLISHING DIRECTOR W. Stephen Comstock EDITORIAL EDITOR William R. Coker e-mail bcokerachrae.org ASSISTANT EDITOR Shannon E. PowemJones e-mail spowers ashrae.org WASHINGTON BUREAU J.E.Cox, P.E., Ph.D. Charles R. Mim washofcashrae.org P
33、UBLISHING SERVICES PUBLISHING SERVICES MANAGER Scott A. Zeh GRAPHICS Susan Boughadou TYPOGRAPHY Kellie M. Frady Stefan R. Moore Nancy F. Thyseil CIRCULATION Phyllis Maurer CIRCULATION MANAGER ADVERTISING ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER Edwin F. Fariey ADVERTISING PRODUCTION MANAGER . Irene F. Eggeiing ASHRAE OF
34、FICERS PRESIDENT Richard B. Hayter, P.E., Ph.D. James E. Hiii, Ph.D. TREASURER Donald E. Holte, P.Eng. VICE PRESIDENTS Harley W. Goodman, Jr., P.E. George A. Jackins, P.E. Laurance S. Staples, Jr. James E. Wolf SECRETARY Frank M. Coda PRESIDENT-ELECT POLICY GROUP 1995-96 Chairman Journalllnsights Co
35、mmittee Charles H. Culp, 111, Ph.D. Member of the Audit Bureau of Circulation Commentary Vision and Review or incoming president Dick Hayter the sharing of the ASHRAE F vision began in 1968 when he was in the United States Air Force. Hayter read an article about the moving of the ASHRAE laboratory f
36、rom Cleveland, Ohio to the Kansas State University campus. He wrote to Preston ,McNall, who had been named Associ- ate Director of the GU project, to inquire about graduate study possibilities. Preston McNalls subsequent replies and correspondence led to Hayters decision to leave the Air Force and e
37、nter KSUs graduate program with afellowshipfor graduate work in the laboratory. Each day ASHRAE members all over the world encounter opportunities to become mentors and guide bright young men and women into our field. It is a continuous process of growth and renewal. The review process for ASHRAE Jo
38、urnal continually undergoes refinements to guarantee the best possible technical publication for its readers. It is a good idea to acquaint readers with this ongoing process from time to time so the refinements might continue. The review process is tied directly to the editorial mission of ASHRAE Jo
39、urnal. The magazine reviews current HVAC contents of interest to a wide or a narrow cross-section of the membership; and if the information offered isof low, average or high interest to the readers. The reviewers also give the article a numerical rating. For an article to be published, it must recei
40、ve a satisfactory review from two of the three editorial reviewers and two of the three “Peer Reviewers.” They must also recommend the article for publication. The review process provides articles that are technically accurate and interesting to the readers. It also makes ASHRAE Journal the industry
41、s most authoritative source for accurate and useful technical information. The Journal staff continues to take this responsibility seriously and worksconstantly to keep the review process current and in line with its readers needs. With the leadership and input from the Journaiilnsighrs committee, t
42、he editorial screening board and the peer reviewers, it will continue its position of leadership among the industrvs DU blications. William R. Coker II William R. Coker Journal Editor ASHRAE Journal August 1995 7 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Inform
43、ation Handling ServicesASHRAE TITLEaJOURN 37-8*SMS 95 m 0759b50 0517871 505 m Industry Perspectives on- Climate Change Negotiations Mechanisms for areenhouse aas reductions after the year2000 are tahg shape By J.E. Cox, Ph.D, P.E. and Charles R. Mir ASHRAE Director of Associate Government Government
44、 Affairs Afairs Director Importance oi Industry Involvement At the conference, James Wolf, the chairman of the Alliance for Responsible Atmospheric Policy, summarized the signifi- cant events of the recent climate change meeting in Berlin. He reported that the par- ties to the Framework Convention o
45、n Cli- mate Change recommitted to the provisions of the Convention and agreed that further action was necessary. Finding the current commitments of returning thegreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the developed countries to 1990 levels by 2000 to be inadequate, the parties agreed to work towards a new
46、 agreement covering the period after 2000. Under the Framework Convention, national plans have been submitted by most developed countries outlining their program to meet the year 2000 commit- ment. Wolf pointed out that, asthese plans aresubmitted, alist of projects or mechan- isms for GHG reduction
47、 is taking shape which can be used to share ideas among nations on how to reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). The major question facing the interna- tional body is what to do after the year 2000. At the Berlin meeting, the parties agreed to consider mechanisms including the possi- bility of a protocol o
48、r other legal instrument to address the reduction of emissions. Proposals presented by the Alliance of Small Island States (OASIS) and others will be considered in the process. An ad hoc group was established which is charged with reporting back to the third meeting of the parties which will probabl
49、y occur in late 1997 or early 1998. To facilitate the work of the Convention process, two subsidiary bodies have been established, one on implementation and one on Science and Technology Assess- ment. These will be complemented by an Intergovernmental Technology Panel and an industry consultative mechanism, whcse exact form remains to be dened. The prag- matism, experience and technology base of industry are vital elements in the success of the process, particulary if technology evaluations are to play a role in preparations for 1997. Wolf emphasized that “industr
