1、TRANSACTIONSPAPERSPRESENTED AT THE2010 ANNUAL CONFERENCEIN ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICOOF THEAMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATINGAND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGINEERS, INC.2010VOLUME 116, PART 2ASHRAE Transactions and HVAC telephone: 404-636-8400; www.ashrae.org.2010 American Society of Heating,Refrigerat
2、ing and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle, NEAtlanta, Georgia 30329-2305All rights reserved.Printed in the United States of America.ISSN 0001-2505ASHRAE has compiled this publication with care, but ASHRAE has not investigated, and ASHRAE expressly disclaims any duty to investigate,
3、any product, service, process, procedure, design, or the like that may be described herein. The appearance of any technical data or editorial material in this publication does not constitute endorsement, warranty, or guaranty by ASHRAE of any product, service, process, procedure, design, or the like
4、. ASHRAE does not warrant that the information in this publication is free of errors, and ASHRAE does not necessarily agree with any statement or opinion in this publication. The entire risk of the use of any information in this publication is assumed by the user.No part of this publication may be r
5、eproduced without permission in writing from ASHRAE, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages or reproduce illustrations in a review with appropriate credit, nor may any part of this publication be repro-duced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any way or by any meanselectroni
6、c, photocopying, recording, or otherwithout permission in writing from ASHRAE. Requests for permission should be submitted at www.ashrae.org/permissions.Any updates/errata to this publication will be posted on the ASHRAE Web site at www.ashrae.org/publicationupdates.GORDON HOLNESSPresident20092010AS
7、HRAE TRANSACTIONSPurpose: One of the purposes of ASHRAE is to disseminate technical information of permanent interest through the publication of ASHRAE Transactions. Following are guidelines for submission of Conference Papers and Technical Papers.Information for AuthorsConference PapersSubmission:
8、An abstract of a proposed paper should be submitted through the ASHRAE Conference Web site for review by the conference organizers. After abstract acceptance, papers are due within three months and should be submitted through the ASHRAE Conference Web site.Review Process: A paper based on an accepte
9、d abstract is put into a conference paper template available at the ASHRAE Conference Web site and is submitted as a PDF file for review through the ASHRAE Conference Web site. The names of the reviewers are withheld from the author to ensure objective comments. The submitted paper should not exceed
10、 8 single-spaced pages using a font no smaller than 10 points. Graphs, photographs, charts, and drawings are all included in the 8-page limit. All papers undergo review by at least two reviewers to ensure high quality of content. The ASHRAE Conferences and Expositions Committee decides, based on the
11、se reviews, whether papers are acceptable, need revision, or should be rejected.Final Format: The final manuscript is put into a conference paper template available at the ASHRAE Conference Web site and is submitted as a PDF file through the ASHRAE Conference Web site. Manuscript pages should not be
12、 numbered and the paper should not exceed 8 single-spaced pages using a font no smaller than 10 points. Graphs, photographs, charts, and drawings are all included in the 8-page limit. The first page should include the title; the authors names in desired order, principal author first, with (if applic
13、able) ASHRAE membership grade, academic degrees at the doctoral level (e.g., PhD, DSc), and professional certification (e.g., PE) for all authors; and an author note with the job title, affiliation, and address (city, state, country) for each author. See the sample at the ASHRAE Conference Web site.
14、Units: ASHRAE policy calls for dual units of measurement with Inch-Pound (I-P) units first and Interna-tional System (SI) units in parentheses. In cases where the work being reported was calculated in SI, the SI units may come first. For currency, include the monetary unit of the country where the r
15、esearch is based followed by the US dollar conversion in parentheses. NOTE: ASHRAE requires dual units of measurement in figures and tables as well as text.Nomenclature: A special section defining symbols should be included if the number of equations is extensive. If not, nomenclature may follow eac
16、h equation.Tables: Vertical lines should not be used in tables. Horizontal lines may be used to set off headings and at the bottom of the table. Label each column and include units of measurement and other necessary qualifying information. Units should be set off with a comma (e.g., “Velocity, m/s”)
17、. For complex tables, use two tables, labeled “a” and “b”one in I-P units and one in SI units.References: The method of citation is the author-date method. The authors last name and the year of publication are inserted in the text in parentheses. The list of references at the end of the paper is alp
18、habetized.Commercialism: Commercialism in ASHRAE publications is strictly prohibited. Commercialism is deemed to be inclusion of references to an organization for the promotion or commercial advantage of that orga-nization. Please review the ASHRAE Commercialism Policy on the ASHRAE Web site, www.as
19、hrae.org, under Events then Papers and Programs.Further Information: Address questions to Conference Program Administrator, ASHRAE, 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305; Telephone: (404) 636-8400; Fax: (404) 321-5478.Technical PapersSubmission: An electronic version of the manuscript should
20、 be submitted through ASHRAE Manuscript Cen-tral, http:/ Process: All papers undergo critical review by at least three reviewers to ensure high quality of content. The ASHRAE Conferences and Expositions Committee decides, based on these reviews, whether papers are acceptable, need revision, or shoul
21、d be rejected. The name of the author is withheld from the reviewers and the names of reviewers are withheld from the author and from each other to ensure objective comments.Format: Manuscripts should be prepared according to the guidelines in ASHRAEs Authors Manual and Authors Template (these instr
22、uctions are posted in the “Instructions the authors names in desired order, principal author first, with (if applicable) ASHRAE membership grade, academic degrees at the doctoral level (e.g., PhD, DSc), and professional certification (e.g., PE) for all authors; an author note with the job title, aff
23、iliation, and address (city, state, country) for each author; and complete contact information for the corresponding author, including mailing address, phone and fax numbers, and e-mail address. Units: ASHRAE policy calls for dual units of measurement with Inch-Pound (I-P) units first and Interna-ti
24、onal System (SI) units in parentheses. In cases where the work being reported was calculated in SI, the SI units may come first. For currency, include the monetary unit of the country where the research is based followed by the US dollar conversion in parentheses.Nomenclature: A special section defi
25、ning symbols should be included if the number of equations is extensive. If not, nomenclature may follow each equation.Figures: Artwork for figures should be submitted via ASHRAE Manuscript Central as separate tiff or eps files saved in either CMYK mode (for color) or Grayscale mode (for black and w
26、hite) at high reso-lution (600 ppi or greater). Do not insert figures into the Word file for final submission. A procedure to convert graphics from Word or Excel to tiff format is available by going to the “Instructions Telephone: (404) 636-8400; Fax: (404) 321-5478.CONTENTSHost Chapter.xiConference
27、s and Expositions Committee and Transactions StaffxiState of the Society, Gordon Holness, 20092010 ASHRAE President. xiiInaugural Address, Lynn G. Bellenger, 20102011 ASHRAE President xivTechnical Program. xviiCONFERENCE PAPERSAB-10-C001 Predicting Condensate Collection from HVAC Air Handling UnitsT
28、.M. Lawrence, Jason Perry, and Peter Dempsey 3AB-10-C002 Carbon Neutrality Based on Native-Site Carbon StorageMichael Bendewald and Victor Olgyay 16AB-10-C003 Delivering Sustainability Promise to HVAC Air Filtration Part II: Life Cycle Sustainability of Air FiltersChristine Sun . 25AB-10-C004 Optimi
29、zing Supply Air Temperature with ASHRAE 62.1Abdel-Kader Darwiche and Samivullah Shaik . 33AB-10-C005 Assessments of the Natural Ventilation Function in a University Building using CO2MeasurementS. Ilyas, A.F. Emery, and D. Heerwagen . 41AB-10-C006 New Requirements of ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010Hoy Boh
30、anon . 49AB-10-C007 Reduction of Errors in Ventilation Rate DeterminationsLeonard A. Damiano 54AB-10-C008 Economizers in DatacomRisk Mission vs. Reward Environment?David Quirk and Vali Sorell 70AB-10-C009 Total Cost of Ownership Comparison of Air Economizers to Other Energy Saving Techniques in Data
31、 Center ApplicationsRon Spangler and Gregory Jeffers 82AB-10-C010 Cooling Efficiency in Contained Applications Using Intelligent ControlsDavid F. Kelley. 90AB-10-C011 Exergy Aspects of Operative Temperature and Its Implications on Sustainable Building PerformanceBirol Kilkis 98AB-10-C012 A Dynamic O
32、perative Temperature Sensor for Low-Exergy High Performance BuildingsBirol Kilkis 108AB-10-C013 An Optimum Decision-Making Algorithm for Energy Efficient Cooling in Green Cities From Split Systems to District CoolingSiir Kilkis 116AB-10-C014 An Agent-Based Methodology for Optimizing Building HVAC Sy
33、stem Performance Stephen J. Treado 124AB-10-C015 Evolutionary Computation Approach to Heat Exchanger Design David A. Yashar, Janusz Wojtusiak, Kenneth Kaufman, and Piotr A. Domanski 135AB-10-C016 Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems and Building Pressurization S. A. Mumma143AB-10-C017 Energy Recovery in Ai
34、r Handling Systems in Non-Residential BuildingsDesign ConsiderationsCaroline Markusson, Lennart Jagemar, and Per Fahln154AB-10-C018 Performance Analysis of a Ventilation Air Heat Pump Dennis ONeal and John Bryant .168AB-10-C019 Energy Use Comparison for Series vs. Parallel Fan Powered Terminal Units
35、 in a Single Duct Variable Air Volume System John Bryant, Michael Davis, and Dennis ONeal176AB-10-C020 Performance of VAV Fan Powered Terminal Units: An Evaluation of Operational Control Strategies for Series vs. Parallel Units John Bryant, Dennis ONeal, and Michael Davis184AB-10-C021 The “Right” Te
36、mperature in Datacom EnvironmentsDavid Quirk and Michael Patterson 192AB-10-C022 Thermal Mass Availability for Cooling Data Centers during Power ShutdownKishor Khankari 205AB-10-C023 Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Performance of Screw Expander Zhigang Wang, Yufeng Zhang, Yuexia S
37、un, and Lili Wei.218AB-10-C024 Solar Cooling with Concentrators Sargon Ishaya 226AB-10-C025 Achieving Radically Energy Efficient Retrofits: The Empire State Building ExampleCaroline Fluhrer, Eric Maurer, and Aalok Deshmukh .236AB-10-C026 Whole-Building Retrofits: A Gateway to Climate StabilizationVi
38、ctor Olgyay and Cherlyn Seruto 244AB-10-C027 Interim Results of Monitoring and Simulating Two Existing, High Performance Buildings to Achieve and Maintain Sustainable OperationJanice K. Means, Jessica Turner, Ryan Grabow, and Jonathan Cebelak .252AB-10-C028 Pulling the Levers on Existing Buildings:
39、A Simple Method for Calibrating Hourly Energy ModelsDarrell Hubler, Kendra Tupper, and Erik Greensfelder 261AB-10-C029 Development of Energy Efficiency Assessment Methods for Commercial Office Building in Shanghai Zhengrong Li, Haozhu Li, and Sheng Yu .269AB-10-C030 Whats My Baseline? Susan Reilly a
40、nd Aleka Pappas .282AB-10-C031 Effects of Oil and Saturation Temperature on Developing Two-Phase Flow of R134a in an Air-Conditioning SystemChad Bowers and Predrag Hrnjak . 290AB-10-C032 Waste Heat Powered Adsorption System to Provide Air Conditioning for Heavy-Duty VehiclesYongfang Zhong, Kevin L.
41、Wert, and Tiegang Fang 300AB-10-C033 Performance Assessment of an Air-to-Water R-407C Heat Pump with Vapour Injection Scroll CompressorCesare Maria Joppolo, Luca Molinaroli, Gianluca Vecchi, Carlambrogio Bianchi, Filippo Magni, and Eric Winandy . 310AB-10-C034 Understanding of Flow and Scalar Fields
42、 by Combining Measured Data and CFDAkira Kondo, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Akikazu Kaga, and Yoshio Inoue 318AB-10-C035 Experimental Study on the Flow and Particle Transport Induced by the Interaction between Downwash Air Flow and Moving Object in MinienvironmentsJhy-Ming Tsao, Reiyu Chien, Shih-Cheng Hu, Je
43、n-Wei Wu, and Chun-Yong Khoo . 329AB-10-C036 Low Reynolds Number Air-Flow Heat Transfer in Trapezoidally Corrugated Perforated Plate-Fin Ducts O.A. Huzayyin, M.A. Jog, and R.M. Manglik 339AB-10-C037 Effects of Noise from Building Mechanical Systems on Elementary School Student AchievementLauren M. R
44、onsse and Lily M. Wang. 347AB-10-C038 Wireless Control of Residential HVAC Systems for Energy Efficient and Comfortable HomesHui Li, Lingying Zhao, and Peter Ling 355TECHNICAL PAPERSAB-10-001 Influence of Test Section Entrance Conditions on Straight Flat Oval Duct Apparent Relative RoughnessS. Khair
45、e and S. Idem 371AB-10-002 Measured and Predicted Pressure Loss in Corrugated Spiral DuctD.C. Gibbs and S. Idem. 380AB-10-003 Flat Oval Duct Leakage Class MeasurementD.C. Gibbs and S. Idem. 387AB-10-004 The Economics of Energy Savings Performance ContractsJohn Shonder. 394AB-10-005 Screening of Ener
46、gy Efficient Technologies for Industrial Buildings RetrofitsAlexander M. Zhivov, Richard Liesen, Dan Fisher, Jon Hand, and Barry Wilson 401AB-10-006 An Experimental Evaluation of HVAC-Grade Carbon Dioxide Sensors Part 4: Effects of Ageing on Sensor PerformanceSom S. Shrestha and Gregory M. Maxwell 4
47、12AB-10-007 WithdrawnAB-10-008 WithdrawnAB-10-009 Modeling the Hygrothermal Behavior of Field-Tested Walls Exposed to South Carolina ConditionsAchilles Karagiozis, Dominique Derome, Jan Carmeliet, and Andre Desjarlais.424AB-10-010 Tight Humidity Control for Flexible ApplicationsPeter Simmonds, Patri
48、ck Wilkinson, John Gautrey, and Jacques de Pastre .435AB-10-011 Updating the ASHRAE Climatic Data for Design and Standards (RP-1453)Didier Thevenard and Christian A. Gueymard444AB-10-012 A Comparative Analysis and Validation of Two DX Cooling Coil Modeling MethodsHuojun Yang and Haorong Li .460AB-10
49、-013 Cleaning Initiation Criteria for Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Systems in Non-Industrial BuildingsJacques Lavoie, Ali Bahloul, and Yves Clouttier 476AB-10-014 The Optimal Match of Streams for Maximum Heat Transfer from a Gas Fired Absorption Refrigeration UnitM.V.A. Pereira, J.V.C. Vargas, S.C. Amico, J.A.R. Parise, R.S. Matos, and J.C. Ordonez483AB-10-015 Crystallization Limits of LiCl-Water and MgCl2-Water Salt Solutions as Operating Liquid Desiccant in the RAMEE SystemMohammad Afshin, Carey J. Simonson, a
