1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDOverhead Hoists (Underhung)ASME B30.16-2007(Revision of ASME B30.16-2003)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking perm
2、itted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.16-2007(Revision of ASME B30.16-2003)Overhead Hoists(Underhung)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS und
3、er license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: July 13, 2007The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2010. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries conce
4、rning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Soc
5、iety of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an op
6、portunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction,
7、proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters
8、patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affili
9、ated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations
10、 by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2007 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF M
11、ECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vB30 Standard Introduction . viiSummary of Changes xCha
12、pter 16-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 16-0.1 Scope of B30.16 . 1Section 16-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 16-0.3 References 5Chapter 16-1 Marking, Construction, and Installation 6Section 16-1.1 Marking 6Section 16-1.2 Construction . 6Section 16-1.3 Installation . 9Chapter 16-2 Inspection
13、, Testing, and Maintenance . 10Section 16-2.1 Inspection 10Section 16-2.2 Testing . 13Section 16-2.3 Maintenance . 14Section 16-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 15Section 16-2.5 Welded Link Chain Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 16Section 16-2.6 Roller Chain Inspection, Repl
14、acement, and Maintenance . 17Chapter 16-3 Operation . 18Section 16-3.1 Hoisting Practices for Operators 18Section 16-3.2 Handling the Load . 19Section 16-3.3 Hoist Lockout/Tagout 20Figures1 Hand Chain-Operated Chain Hoist 22 Electric-Powered Chain Hoist . 23 Air-Powered Chain Hoist . 34 Electric-Pow
15、ered Wire Rope Hoist . 45 Air-Powered Wire Rope Hoist . 5Tables1 Inspection for Hand Chain-Operated Hoists . 112 Inspection for Electric- or Air-Powered Hoists . 12iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without li
16、cense from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). Th
17、isStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held f
18、rom 1920to 1925, involving: the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute),
19、Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the proj
20、ect, with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committe
21、e organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety stand
22、ard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Commit
23、tee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of equipment i
24、ncluded in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government
25、and other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of the
26、ir employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotect
27、ion is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This Volume of the standard,
28、which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on January 16, 2007.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new
29、 data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standa
30、rd for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northr
31、op Grumman Ship SystemsW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown, Inc.M. E. Brunet, The Manitowoc Crane Group, Inc.T. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Ins
32、urers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti Order Department: 22 Law Drive, P.O. Box2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900Copyright ASME International Provided
33、by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(07)ASME B30.16-2007Chapter 16-1Marking, Construction, and InstallationSECTION 16-1.1: MARKING16-1.1.1 Rated LoadThe rated load of the hoist shall be marked on thehoist or its load block
34、 and shall be legible from theground or floor.16-1.1.2 Controls(a) Each control actuator of an electric-powered orair-powered hoist shall be marked to indicate the direc-tion of resultant motion.(b) In locations or areas where multiple electric-pow-ered or air-powered hoists are used by non-dedicate
35、dhoist operators, the arrangement of control actuatormarkings for directions of motion on pendant push but-ton stations and radio-controlled transmitters should bethe same for all hoists in that location or area.16-1.1.3 IdentificationThe hoist shall be marked with manufacturers identi-fication info
36、rmation, on a plate or label attached to thehoist, or cast, forged, or stamped on the hoist, as follows:(a) Hand Chain-Operated Hoist(1) name of manufacturer(2) manufacturers model or serial number(b) Electric-Powered Hoist(1) name of manufacturer(2) manufacturers model or serial number(3) voltage o
37、f AC or DC power supply and phaseand frequency of AC power supply(4) circuit ampacity(c) Air-Powered Hoist(1) name of manufacturer(2) manufacturers model and serial number(3) rated air pressure16-1.1.4 Warnings(a) All hand chain-operated hoists shall have affixedto the hoist or load block, a label o
38、r labels displayinginformation concerning operating procedures. The labelor labels shall be in compliance with ANSI Z535.4, andshall include cautionary language against(1) lifting more than rated load(2) operating hoist with twisted, kinked, or dam-aged chain(3) operating damaged or malfunctioning h
39、oist(4) lifting people(5) lifting loads over people7(6) operating hoist with other than manual power(7) removing or obscuring label(b) All electric-powered or air-powered hoists shallhave affixed to the hoist, load block, or controls, a labelor labels displaying information concerning operatingproce
40、dures. The label or labels shall be in compliancewith ANSI Z535.4, and shall include cautionary lan-guage against(1) lifting more than rated load(2) operating hoist when load is not centeredunder hoist(3) operating hoist with twisted, kinked, or dam-aged chain or rope(4) operating damaged or malfunc
41、tioning hoist(5) lifting people(6) lifting loads over people(7) operating a rope hoist with a rope that is notproperly seated in its groove(8) removing or obscuring label(c) A label shall be affixed on all electrical controlenclosures. The label shall be in compliance with ANSIZ535.4, and shall incl
42、ude, but not be limited to, informa-tion such as:(1) “DISCONNECT POWER AND LOCKOUT/TAGOUT DISCONNECTING MEANS BEFOREREMOVING COVER OR SERVICING THISEQUIPMENT”(2) “DO NOT OPERATE WITHOUT COVER INPLACE”SECTION 16-1.2: CONSTRUCTION16-1.2.1 Mechanical Design(a) The hoist and appurtenances shall be desig
43、ned towithstand all stresses imposed under normal operatingconditions while handling loads within the rated load(capacity).(b) Load suspension parts, except for roller load chain,of hand chain operated hoists shall be designed so thatthe static stress calculated for the rated load shall notexceed 25
44、% of the average ultimate material strength.Roller load chain shall be designed so that the staticstress calculated for the rated load shall not exceed 25%of the minimum ultimate tensile strength as stated inASME B29.24.(c) Load suspension parts, except for roller load chain,of electric-powered or a
45、ir-powered hoists shall be(07)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.16-2007designed so that the static stress calculated for the ratedload shall not exceed 20% of the average ul
46、timatematerial strength. Roller load chain shall be designedso that the static stress calculated for the rated load shallnot exceed 20% of the minimum ultimate tensile strengthas stated in ASME B29.24.(d) Power transmission parts shall be designed so thatthe dynamic stress calculated for the rated l
47、oad shallnot exceed the endurance limits established by the man-ufacturer.(e) Modifications to upgrade, rerate, or modernizehoist equipment shall be as authorized only by the origi-nal equipment manufacturer or a qualified person.(f) The hoist should be designed in accordance withapplicable hoist de
48、sign and performance standards.Refer to ASME HST-1, ASME HST-2, ASME HST-4,ASME HST-5, and ASME HST-6.16-1.2.2 Electrical Design (Electric-Powered HoistsOnly)(a) Electrical construction shall comply with Article610 of ANSI/NFPA 70.(b) Unless otherwise specified, control enclosuresshall be NEMA Type
49、1, general purpose for indoor appli-cation in accordance with ANSI/NEMA No. ICS6.(c) Electrical equipment shall be so located orenclosed that live parts will not be exposed to inadver-tent contact under normal operating conditions.(d) Enclosures for resistors (if required) shall providemeans for heat dissipation and shall be installed to mini-mize the accumulation of combustible m
