1、ASME B30.2 INTERPRETATIONSASME B30.2 INTERPRETATIONSReplies to Tecnical InquiriesSeptember 2005 Through January 2010FOREWORDThis publication includes all of the written replies issued between the indicated dates by theSecretary, speaking for the ASME B30 Committee, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cra
2、nes,Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, to inquiries concerning interpretations of technicalaspects of B30.2, Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder,Top Running Trolley Hoist).These replies are taken verbatim from the original letters except for a few typog
3、raphicalcorrections and some minor editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity. Insome few instances, a review of the interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technicalnature; in these cases, a corrected interpretation follows immediately after the original reply.These
4、interpretations were prepared in accordance with the accredited ASME procedures.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additionalinformation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further,persons aggrieved by this interpreta
5、tion may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee orSubcommittee. ASME does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction,proprietary device, or activity.I-1ASME B30.2 INTERPRETATIONSInterpretation: 2-53Subject: ASME B30.2-2001, B30.11-1998, and B30.16-1998Date Issued: Septembe
6、r 26, 2005Background: The following statement appears in para. 2-1.14.3 of ASME B30.2, para. 11-3.2.3of ASME B30.11, and para. 16-1.2.6 of ASME B30.16.“No less than two wraps of rope shall remain on the drum at each anchorage of the hoist(ing)drum when the hook is in its extreme low position unless
7、a lower-limit device is provided, inwhich case no less than one wrap shall remain.“Question (1): When the hook is in its “extreme low position,” does this mean that the hook isat its lowest point of travel when all of the rope has been unwound, except for the requiredwraps?Reply (1): Yes.Question (2
8、): When the hook is in its “extreme low position,” does this mean that the hookmust be capable of traveling all the way to the ground with no load?Reply (2): No.Interpretation: 2-54Subject: ASME B30.2-1996, Section 2-0.2 DefinitionsDate Issued: January 20, 2006Background: The definition of crane ser
9、vice, heavy, states, “service that involves operating at 85to 100% of rated load or in excess of 10 lift cycles/hr as a regular specified procedure.“Question: Should a crane that has a rated capacity of 85 tons and performs one lift of 80 tonsan average of once per month, and also performs one lift
10、of 45 tons an average of every twoweeks, be classified heavy service based upon the definition?Reply: No. The service the crane is performing as described is in accordance with the definitionof normal service, not heavy service, as long as the crane is not handling more than one lift of 80tons an av
11、erage of once per month and a 45 ton lift an average of every two weeks.I-2ASME B30.2 INTERPRETATIONSInterpretation: 2-55Subject: ASME B30.2-2001, Paras. 2-3.2.3(a)(2) and 2-3.2.3(g)Date Issued: January 20, 2006Background: Paragraph 2-3.2.3(a)(2): The appointed person directing the lift shall ascert
12、ain thatthe load is secured, balanced, and positioned in the hook, sling or lifting device before the loadis lifted more than a few inches (millimeters).Paragraph 2-3.2.3(g): The operator shall check the hoist brake(s) at least once each shift if aload approaching the rated load is to be handled. Th
13、is shall be done by lifting the load a shortdistance and applying the brake(s).Question (1): Is the load lifted off the ground a short distance and then stopped in order tocheck the stability before proceeding with the lift, or is the procedure to tighten the rigging first,make sure the load is secu
14、re, balanced and positioned in the hook, sling or lifting device beforethe load comes off the ground and then start the lift and evaluate the loads stability as it is beinglifted and traveled down the floor?Reply (1): Paragraph 2-3.2.3(a)(2) does not require the lift to be stopped after it has been
15、raiseda few inches in order to check stability. It is a continuous process where the stability is evaluatedduring the first few inches and the lift is stopped only if a stability problem exists. Otherwisethe lift continues. In the second scenario, even though the rigging may be tight and the loadsec
16、ured, it is not always possible to determine if the load is balanced while it is still on theground.Question (2): Are the requirements in paras. 2-3.2.3(a)(2) and 2-3.2.3(g) separate and distinct?Reply (2): Yes. As stated in Reply (1), para. 2-3.2.3(a)(2) does not require that every lift bestopped.
17、Therefore, it cannot be used to satisfy the requirement of para. 2-3.2.3(g).Question (3): Can a specific or approximate distance be associated with the phrase, “liftedmore than a few inches”?Reply (3): No. It could be hazardous to try to meet a specific distance of lift in lieu of watchingthe balanc
18、e and stability of the load. Also, in many cases the crane operator is the sole individualinvolved with the lift and it would be virtually impossible for him to lift to a specific height.I-3ASME B30.2 INTERPRETATIONSInterpretation: 2-56Subject: ASME B30.2-2005, Crane Runways, Paras. 2-1.3.2, 2-1.4.3
19、, and 2-2.2.2Date Issued: September 21, 2006Question (1): Does the standard require a load test for a modified runway structure that resultsin no runway capacity increase and no crane modification or capacity rating change? An examplewould be removing a runway column and installing a two column bent
20、 resulting in a load pathchange.Reply (1): No, there is no requirement for load testing of the runway in the B30.2 volume.Question (2): Does the standard require a load test for a modified runway structure that resultsin a runway capacity increase and no crane modification or capacity rating change?
21、 An examplewould be a two-crane runway to allow a third crane to be installed on the same runway.Reply (2): No, there is no requirement for load testing of the runway in the B30.2 Volume.Interpretation: 2-57Subject: ASME B30.2-2005, Overhead and Gantry Cranes, Para. 2-1.13.5Date Issued: July 7, 2008
22、Question (1): Does the standard permit the breaker to be on the ground floor?Reply (1): Yes.Question (2): Does the standard require a breaker or switch to be on each operating floor?Reply (2): No.Question (3): Does the standard permit the breaker or switch to be on just one operating floor?Reply (3)
23、: Yes.Note: This provision is consistent with ANSI/NFPA-70, the National Electrical Code.I-4ASME B30.2 INTERPRETATIONSInterpretation: 2-58Subject: ASME B30.2-2005, Para. 2-2.1.1, Section 2-1.3, and Para. 2-2.2.1Date Issued: June 10, 2009Question (1): What are the requirements for testing the weighte
24、d upper final limit switch?Reply (1): The requirements for testing the secondary weighted upper limit switch are givenin para. 2-2.1.3(b)(10) for periodic inspection and paras. 2-2.2.1(b)(4)(a) and (b) for new, reinstalled,altered, repaired and modified cranes.Question (2): Does ASME B30.2 require t
25、esting of a weighted upper final limit switch with thehoist at full speed?Reply (2): For periodic inspection under para. 2-2.1.3(b)(10), the answer is “no.” For new,reinstalled, altered, repaired, and modified cranes in paras. 2-2.2.1(b)(4)(a) and (b), the answeris “yes.”Question (3): Does ASME B30.
26、2 require testing of a weighted upper final limit switch with theprimary geared limit switch disabled?Reply (3): For both periodic inspection under para. 2-2.1.3(b)(10) and for new, reinstalled,altered, repaired, and modified cranes in paras. 2-2.2.1(b)(4)(a) and (b), the answer is “yes.”Question (4
27、): How often should the weighted upper final limit switch be tested?Reply (4): The secondary weighted upper final limit switch shall be inspected according to theperiodic inspection frequency requirements in para. 2-2.1.1(b)(2). For new, reinstalled, altered,repaired, and modified cranes, it shall b
28、e inspected according to para. 2-2.2.1(a).Question (5): Are the testing requirements for the weighted upper final limit switch differentfor DC cranes as compared to AC frequency drive cranes?Reply (5): No.I-5ASME B30.2 INTERPRETATIONSInterpretation: 2-59Subject: B30.2-2005, Para. 2-3.1.7(f), Conduct
29、 of OperatorsDate Issued: October 28, 2009Background: Our situation is a lift was not able to be completed, placing the load back wasdeemed more hazardous. Our solution was to leave the overhead crane connected to the load.Due to balance concerns the load was placed on the gound but not all the weig
30、ht loaded to thefloor (25 tons on the crane 10 tons on the floor) and we didnt have enough time to do the jobwe could not leave a crane operator in the cab.Question (1): Since we had contact with the floor have we landed the load?Reply (1): No.Question (2): Does all of the weight have to be loaded t
31、o the floor in order for the item to beconsidered landed?Reply (2): Yes.Interpretation: 2-60Subject: B30.2-2005, Para. 2-2.2.2(d), Load TestDate Issued: January 28, 2010Background: Your request for interpretation refers to wording last included in para. 2-2.2.2Rated Load Test of ANSI B30.2-1976 edit
32、ion. The current wording in ASME B30.2-2005,para. 2-2.2.2(d) states, “If a load test is conducted, the load shall be not less than 100% of therated load of the crane or hoist(s), whichever governs; or more than 125% of the rated load ofthe crane or hoist(s), whichever governs; unless otherwise recom
33、mended by the manufactureror a qualified person.” Based on the current wording our response to your inquiry is as follows:Question (1): Can a load test be conducted using test weights equal to 100% of the ratedcapacity?Reply (1): Yes.Question (2): If the test weights are 100% of the rated capacity c
34、an the load rating be certifiedat 100% of the test weights/rated capacity?Reply (2): ASME does not certify any activity, however the load rating can be verified at 100%of the rated capacity.I-6ASME B302 INTERPRETATIONS Replies to Technical Inquiries December 1995 - March 1997 FOREWORD This publicati
35、on includes all of the written replies issued between the indicated dates by the Secretary, speaking for the ASME B30 Committee, Safety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Demcks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of B30.2, Overhead and Gantr
36、y Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist). These replies are taken verbatim from the original letters except for a few typographical corrections and some minor editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity. In some few instances, a review of
37、 the interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature; in these cases, a corrected interpretation follows immediately after the original reply. These interpretations were prepared in accordance with the accredited ASME procedures. ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of th
38、ese interpretations when or if additional information is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved by this interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any i
39、tem, construction, proprietary device, or activity. 33 STD ASME 830.2 Interpretations B30 - 2 INT-ENGL m 0757b70 ObOb877 7L2 m Interpretation 2-43 Subject: ASME B30.2d-1994 Date Issued: June 14, I996 Section 2-2.2.2 states the following: 2-2.2.2 Rated Load Test (a) Prior to initial use, all new, ext
40、ensively repaired, and altered cranes should be tested and inspected by or under the direction of a designated or authorized person, and a written report be furnished by such person, confirming the load rating of the crane. The load rating should not be more than 80% of the maximum load sustained du
41、ring the test. Test loads shall not be more than 125% of the rated load, unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer. The test reports shall be placed on file where readily available to appointed personnel. (6) The rated load test, if made, shall consist of the following operations as a minimum
42、 requirement. (1) Hoist the test load a distance to assure that the load is supported by the crane and held by the hoist brake(s). (2) Transport the test load by means of the trolley for the full length of the bridge. (3) Transport the test load by means of the bridge for the full length of the runw
43、ay in one direction with the trolley as close to the extreme right-hand end of the crane as practical, and in the other direction with the trolley as close to the extreme left-hand end of the crane as practical. (4) Lower the test load, and stop and hold the load with the brake(s). Section 2-0.2 is
44、titled “Definitions,” and the words “shall” and “should are defined as follows: shall: this word indicates that a rule is mandatory and must be followed should: this word indicates that a rule is a recommendation, the advisability of which depends on the facts in each situation Question: There is mu
45、ch confusion in the industry on the interpretation of Section 2-2.2.2. I interpret it as follows: EXAMPLE: 2,000 Ib crane (taggeddesigned by manufacturer at 1 ton) Load Test at 125% = 2,500 lb 80% of Test Load = 2,000 Ib, Load Rating of Crane Is this interpretation correct? Reply: Yes, your interpre
46、tation is correct. Two previous interpretations issued by the B30 Committee address the subject of your inquiry. These are Interpretation 2-14, issued March 21, 1988, and Interpretation 2-17, issued September 15, 1989. The requirement to conduct the rated load test and the magnitude of the test load
47、 are both governed by the word “should.” Therefore, the load test or the magnitude of the test load are not mandatory to comply with the Standard. The requirement is a recommendation, the advisability of which depends on the facts in each situation. 2-43 35 2-44. 2-#R Interpretation 2-44 Subject: AS
48、ME B30.2- 1983 Date Issued: December 23, 1996 830.2 Interpretations Question: Paragraph 2-1.12.2(c) states: “Holding brakes on hoists shall be applied automatically when power to the brake is removed.” This requirement has remained unchanged dating back to ANSI B30.2.0- 1967 which was the source sta
49、ndard for 29CFR19 IO. 179, Overhead and Gantry Cranes. Power to the holding brakes is “removed” when the operator centers the controller, that is, places the controls in the neutral or stop position. Does the word “removed” include loss of power not only to the load (hoist motor) circuit but also to the control circuit? Reply: In the 1983 edition of ASME 830.2, the subject paragraph was numbered 2-1.9.2(c). The subject paragraph was renumbered 2-1.12.2(c) in the 1990 edition of ASME B30.2. The latest edition of ASME B30.2 was published in 1996, in which the subject paragraph is numbered 2-1
