1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B31.5-2010(Revision of ASME B31.5-2006)Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer ComponentsASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from
2、IHS-,-,-INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B31.5-2010(Revision of ASME B31.5-2006)RefrigerationPiping andHeat TransferComponentsASME Code for Pressure Pip
3、ing, B31AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USACopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: July 21, 2010The next edition of this Code is schedul
4、ed for publication in 2013. This Code will become effective6 months after the Date of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Code.Interpretations, Code Cases, and errata are published
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11、f the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2010 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or
12、 networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viIntroduction . ixSummary of Changes xiChapter I Scope and Definitions 1500 General Statements 1Chapter II Design. 8Part 1 Conditions and Criteria . 8501 Design Conditions 8502 Design Criteria 9Part 2 Design of
13、Piping Components 24503 Criteria for Design of Piping Components . 24504 Pressure Design of Piping Components 24Part 3 Design Application of Piping Components Selection and Limitations 33505 Pipe 33506 Fittings, Bends, and Intersections 34507 Valves 34508 Flanges, Blanks, Flange Facings, Gaskets, an
14、d Bolting 35Part 4 Selection and Limitations of Piping Joints . 35510 Piping Joints 35511 Welded Joints . 35512 Flanged Joints . 36513 Expanded Joints 36514 Threaded Joints . 36515 Flared, Flareless, and Compression Joints 36517 Brazed and Soldered Joints 37518 Sleeve Coupled and Other Novel or Pate
15、nted Joints 37Part 5 Expansion, Flexibility, Structural Attachments, Supports, and Restraints 37519 Expansion and Flexibility 37520 Design of Pipe Supporting Elements . 46521 Design Loads for Pipe Supporting Elements . 47Chapter III Materials 49523 Materials General Requirements 49524 Materials Appl
16、ied to Miscellaneous Parts 54Chapter IV Dimensional Requirements 55526 Dimensional Requirements for Standard and Nonstandard PipingComponents 55Chapter V Fabrication and Assembly . 57527 Welding 57528 Brazing and Soldering . 64529 Bending Hot and Cold 65530 Forming 65531 Heat Treatment . 65535 Assem
17、bly . 68Chapter VI Examination, Inspection, and Testing 70536 Examination 70iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-537 Inspection 71538 Testing . 72539 Records . 73Figures502.3.2 Stres
18、s Range Reduction Factors 23504.3.1-1 Reinforcement of Branch Connections 27504.3.1-2 Extruded Outlet Header Notation . 29504.3.1-3 Mechanically Formed Tee Connections in Copper Materials 31504.5.3 Blanks 34519.4.5-1 Bends . 44519.4.5-2 Branch Connections . 45523.2.2 Reduction in Minimum Design Meta
19、l Temperature Without ImpactTesting . 53527.1.2 Typical Joints With Backing Ring 58527.2.1-1 Butt Welding End Preparation . 58527.2.1-2 Internal Trimming for Butt Welding of Piping Components With InternalMisalignment . 58527.3.3-1 Fillet Weld Size . 59527.3.3-2 Welding Details for Slip-On and Socke
20、t Welding Flanges, and SomeAcceptable Types of Flange Attachment Welds . 60527.3.3-3 Minimum Welding Dimensions Required for Socket WeldingComponents Other Than Flanges 60527.3.5-1 Typical Welded Branch Connection Without Additional Reinforcement . 61527.3.5-2 Typical Welded Branch Connection With A
21、dditional Reinforcement . 61527.3.5-3 Typical Welded Angular Branch Connection Without AdditionalReinforcement 61527.3.5-4 Some Acceptable Types of Welded Branch Attachment Details ShowingMinimum Acceptable Welds 62527.3.6-1 Acceptable Welds for Flat Plate Closures . 63527.3.6-2 Unacceptable Welds f
22、or Flat Plate Closures 64Tables500.2-1 Refrigerant Safety Classifications 4500.2-2 Safety Classifications for Refrigerant Blends 6502.3.1 Maximum Allowable Stress Values, ksi 10514 Minimum Thickness of Male Threaded Components . 36519.3.1 Thermal Expansion Data, e (IP and SI) . 39519.3.2 Moduli of E
23、lasticity, E (IP and SI) 40519.3.6 Flexibility Factor, k, and Stress Intensification Factor, i 42521.3.1 Minimum Sizes of Straps, Rods, and Chains for Hangers . 48523.1 Acceptable Materials Specifications . 50523.2.2 Impact Exemption Temperatures . 54526.1 Dimensional Standards 56531.2.1 Heat Treatm
24、ent of Welds 66Nonmandatory AppendicesA Referenced Standards . 75B Preparation of Technical Inquiries . 78C Selecting Applicable Piping Codes . 79D Nomenclature . 81ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without li
25、cense from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThe need for a national code for pressure pipingbecame increasingly evident from 1915 to 1925. To meetthis need, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American StandardsAssociation, then changed to United States of AmericaStandards Institute, and no
26、w known as the AmericanNational Standards Institute) initiated project B31 inMarch 1926, at the request of the American Society ofMechanical Engineers and with that Society the soleadministrative sponsor. Because of the wide fieldinvolved, Sectional Committee B31, later changed toStandards Committee
27、, was composed of representativesof some 40 different engineering societies, industries,government bureaus, institutes, and trade associations.After several years work, the first edition was publishedin 1935 as an American Tentative Standard Code forPressure Piping.In order to keep the Code abreast
28、of current develop-ments in piping design, welding, stress computations,new dimensional and material standards and specifica-tions, and increases in the severity of service conditions,revisions, supplements, and new editions of the Codewere published as follows:B31.1-1942 American Standard Code for
29、PressurePipingB31.1a-1944 Supplement 1B31.1b-1947 Supplement 2B31.1-1951 American Standard Code for PressurePipingB31.1a-1953 Supplement 1 to B31.1-1951vB31.1-1955 American Standard Code for PressurePipingIn 1952, a new section of the Code was published tocover Gas Transmission and Distribution Pipi
30、ngSystems. In 1955, after a review by B31 Executive andSectional Committees, a decision was made to developand publish other industry sections as separate codedocuments of the American Standard Code for PressurePiping.The first edition of Refrigeration Piping was publishedas ASA B31.5-1962 supersedi
31、ng Section 5 of B31.1-1955.This Section was revised in 1966. Following approvalby the Sectional Committee and the sponsor, this revi-sion was approved by the United States of AmericaStandards Institute on September 8, 1966, and desig-nated USAS B31.5-1966. Revision of this Section wasapproved on Apr
32、il 18, 1974, by the American NationalStandards Institute and designated ANSI B31.5-1974.In December 1978, the American National StandardsCommittee B31 was reorganized as the ASME Code forPressure Piping, B31. Committee under proceduresdeveloped by the American Society of MechanicalEngineers and accr
33、edited by the American NationalStandards Institute. The Code designation was alsochanged to ANSI/ASME B31.Previous editions of this Code include those of 1983,1987, 1989, 1992, 2001, and 2006. In this, the 2010 Edition,many revisions have been made to the text. Also thenomenclature has been revised,
34、 and a new nomenclatureAppendix has been added.This Code was approved as an American NationalStandard on January 28, 2010.(10)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B31 COMMITTEECode
35、 for Pressure Piping(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Code.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSM. L. Nayyar, ChairK. C. Bodenhamer, Vice ChairN. Lobo, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELR. J. T. Appleby, ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co.C. Becht IV, Becht Engin
36、eering Co.A. E. Beyer, Fluor EnterprisesK. C. Bodenhamer, Enterprise Products Co.C. J. Campbell, Air LiquideJ. S. Chin, TransCanada Pipeline U.S.D. D. Christian, VictaulicD. L. Coym, Worley ParsonsC. J. Melo, Alternate, Worley ParsonsR. P. Deubler, Fronek Power Systems, LLCJ. A. Drake, Spectra Energ
37、y TransmissionP. D. Flenner, Flenner Engineering ServicesJ. W. Frey, Stress Engineering Service, Inc.D. R. Frikken, Becht Engineering Co.R. A. Grichuk, Fluor Corp.R. W. Haupt, Pressure Piping Engineering Associates, Inc.L. E. Hayden, Jr., ConsultantB. P. Holbrook, Babcock Power, Inc.B31.5 REFRIGERAT
38、ION PIPING AND HEAT TRANSFER COMPONENTS SECTION COMMITTEER. A. Appleton, Chair, Refrigeration Systems, Co.G. W. Price, Vice Chair, Johnson ControlsA. P. Maslowski, Secretary, The American Society of MechanicalEngineersM. R. Braz, MRBraz but where service requirements necessitateadded quality and mor
39、e extensive nondestructive exam-ination, these are to be specified in the engineeringdesign and any revision thereto, and when so specified,the Code requires that they be accomplished.500.1 ScopeRules for this Code Section have been developed con-sidering the needs for applications that include pipi
40、ngand heat transfer components for refrigerants and sec-ondary coolants.500.1.1 This Code prescribes requirements for thematerials, design, fabrication, assembly, erection, test,and inspection of refrigerant, heat transfer components,and secondary coolant piping for temperatures as lowas 320F (196C)
41、, whether erected on the premises orfactory assembled, except as specifically excluded in thefollowing paragraphs.500.1.3 This Code shall not apply to any of thefollowing:1(a) any self-contained or unit systems subject to therequirements of Underwriters Laboratories or othernationally recognized tes
42、ting laboratory(b) water piping, other than where water is used asa secondary coolant or refrigerant(c) piping designed for external or internal gage pres-sure not exceeding 15 psi (105 kPa) regardless of size(d) pressure vessels, compressors, or pumps, but doesinclude all connecting refrigerant and
43、 secondary coolantpiping starting at the first joint adjacent to suchapparatus500.2 DefinitionsFor convenience in reference, some of the more com-mon terms relating to piping are defined in thissubdivision.Most welding definitions were taken from the AWSWeldingHandbook, Volume 1, 7th Edition. Heat t
44、reatmentterms were taken from ASM Metals Handbook Propertiesand Selection of Materials, Volume 1, 8th Edition.arcwelding: a group of welding processes wherein coales-cence is produced by heating with an electric arc(s),with or without the application of pressure and with orwithout the use of filler
45、metal.automatic welding: welding with equipment that per-forms the entire welding operation without constantobservation and adjustment of the controls by an opera-tor. The equipment may or may not perform the loadingand unloading of the work.backing ring: backing in the form of a ring generally used
46、in the welding of piping.base metal: the metal to be welded, soldered, brazed,or cut.brazing: a joining process that produces coalescence ofmaterials by heating them in the presence of a fillermetal having a liquidus above 840F (450C) but belowthe solidus of the base metals. Heating may be providedb
47、y a variety of processes. The filler metal distributesitself between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint bycapillary action. Brazing differs from soldering in that(10)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted witho
48、ut license from IHS-,-,-ASME B31.5-2010soldering filler metals have a liquidus below 840F(450C).brine: a secondary coolant that is a solution of a salt andwater.butt joint: an assembly of two members lying approxi-mately in the same pressor: a specific machine, with or without accesso-ries, for comp
49、ressing a given refrigerant vapor.condenser: that part of a refrigerating system designedto liquefy refrigerant vapor by the removal of heat.condenser coil: a condenser constructed of pipe or tube,not enclosed in a pressure vessel.design pressure: see section 501.engineering design: the detailed design developed fromprocess requirement
