1、Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 Supplement to ASME B31.8 AN INTERNATIONAL PIPING CODE ASME B31.8S-2016 (Revision of ASME B31.8S-2014)ASME B31.8S-2016 (Revision of ASME B31.8S-2014) Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines x ASMECodeforPressurePiping,B3
2、1 Supplement to ASME B31.8 AN INTERNATIONAL PIPING CODE xDate of Issuance: October 31, 2016 The next edition of this Code is scheduled for publication in 2018. ASME issues writt en replies to inquiries concerning interp retations of t echnical aspects of this Code. Int erpretations are published und
3、er http:/go.asme.org/Int erpretations. Periodically certain actions of the B31 Committ ees may be published as Cases. Cases are published on the ASME Web site under the Committ ee Pages at http:/go.asme.org/B31commit tee as they are issued. Errata to codes and stan dards may be pos ted on the ASME W
4、eb site under the Committ ee Pages of the associated codes and s tandards to pr ovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical err ors in codes and s tandards. Such errata shall be used on the date post ed. The B31 Committ ee Page can be found at ht tp:/
5、go.asme.org/B31committ ee. The associat ed B31 Committ ee Pages for each code and standard can be accessed from this main page. There is an option available to automatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are poste d to a particular code or standard. This option can be found on the appro
6、priat e Commit tee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “ Publication Information ” section. ASME is the regis tered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National
7、Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committ ee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fro m competent and concerned int erests have had an opportunity to participate. The pr oposed code or standard was made available for public review
8、and comment that pr ovides an opportunity for additional public input fro m industry , academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at - large. ASME does not “appr ove, ” “ rate, ” or “ endorse ” any it em, construction, proprietary device, or activity . ASME does not take any position with respect
9、 to the validity of any patent rights assert ed in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable lett ers patent, nor assumes any such liability . Users of a code or standard are
10、 expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such pat ent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility . Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpret ed as government or ind
11、ustry endor sement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of int erpretations by individuals. No part of this document may be reproduced
12、 in any form, in an electronic retrieval sys t em or otherwise, without the prior writ ten permission of the publisher . The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2016 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in
13、 U.S.A.CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、. . . . . . . . . . vi Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、 . . . . 1 2 Integrity Management Program Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 Consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 Gathering, Reviewing, and In
16、tegrating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 Risk Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 6 Integrity Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7 Responses to Integrity Assessments and Mitigation (Repair and Prevention) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 8 Integrity Management Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . 27 9 Performance Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 10 Communications Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 11 Management of C
19、hange Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 12 Quality Control Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 13 Terms, Definitions, and Acronyms . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 14 References and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Nonmandatory Appendices A Threat Process Charts and Prescriptive Integrity Manageme
21、nt Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 B Direct Assessment Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 C Preparation of Technical Inquiries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . 64 Figures 2.1-1 Integrity Management Program Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1-2 Integrity Management Plan Process Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.2.4-1 Potential Impact A
23、rea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7.2.1-1 Timing for Scheduled Responses: Time-Dependent Threats, Prescriptive Integrity Management Plan 25 13-1 Hierarchy of Terminology for Integrity Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 A-2.1-1 Integrity Management Plan, External Corrosion Threat (Simplified Process: Prescriptive) . . . . . . 46 A-3.1-1 Integrity Management Plan, Internal Corrosion Threat (Simplified Process: Prescriptive) . . . . . . 48 A-5.1-1 Integrity Management Plan,
25、 Manufacturing Threat (Pipe Seam and Pipe; Simplified Process: Prescriptive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 A-6.1-1 Integrity Management Plan, Construction Threat (Pipe Girth Weld, Fabrication Weld, Wrinkle Ben
26、d or Buckle, Stripped Threads/Broken Pipe/Coupling; Simplified Process: Prescriptive) . . . . . . . . 54 A-7.1-1 Integrity Management Plan, Equipment Threat (Gasket and O-Ring, Control/Relief, Seal/Pump Packing; Simplified Process: Prescriptive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . 56 A-8.1-1 Integrity Management Plan, Third-Party Damage Threat Third-Party Inflicted Damage (Immediate), Vandalism, Previously Damaged Pipe; Simplified Process: Prescriptive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 iiiA-9.1-1 Integrity Management Plan, Incorrect Operations Threat
28、(Simplified Process: Prescriptive) . . . . . 59 A-10.1-1 Integrity Management Plan, Weather-Related and Outside Force Threat (Earth Movement, Heavy Rains or Floods, Cold Weather, Lightning; Simplified Process: Prescriptive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Tables 4.2.1-1 Data Elements for Prescriptive
29、 Pipeline Integrity Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.3-1 Typical Data Sources for Pipeline Integrity Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5.6.1-1 Integrity Assessment Intervals: Time-Dependent Threats, Internal and External C
30、orrosion, Prescriptive Integrity Management Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7.1-1 Acceptable Threat Prevention and Repair Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 8.3.4-1 Example of Integrity Management Plan fo
31、r Hypothetical Pipeline Segment (Segment Data: Line 1, Segment 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 8.3.4-2 Example of Integrity Management Plan for Hypothetical Pipeline Segment (Integrity Assessment Plan: Line
32、 1, Segment 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 8.3.4-3 Example of Integrity Management Plan for Hypothetical Pipeline Segment (Mitigation Plan: Line 1, Segment 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 9.2.3-1 Performance Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 9.4-1 Performance Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 9.4-2 Overall Performance Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 A-4.4-1 SCC Crack Severity Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . 50 A-4.4.1-1 Actions Following Discovery of SCC During Excavation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 ivFOREWORD Pipeline system operators continuously work to improve the safety of their systems and operations. In the United States, both liquid and gas p
36、ipeline operators have been working with their regulators for several years to develop a more systematic approach to pipeline safety integrity management. The gas pipeline industry needed to address many technical concerns before an integrity management standard could be written. A number of initiat
37、ives were undertaken by the industry to answer these questions; as a result of two years of intensive work by a number of technical experts in their fields, 20 reports were issued that provided the responses required to complete the 2001 edition of this Code. (The list of these reports is included i
38、n the reference section of this Code.) This Code is nonmandatory, and is designed to supplement B31.8, ASME Code for Pressure Piping, Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems. Not all operators or countries will decide to implement this Code. This Code becomes mandatory if and when pipeline
39、regulators include it as a requirement in their regulations. This Code is a process code that describes the process an operator may use to develop an integrity management program. It also provides two approaches for developing an integrity management program: a prescriptive approach and a performanc
40、e- or risk-based approach. Pipeline operators in a number of countries are currently utilizing risk-based or risk-management principles to improve the safety of their systems. Some of the international standards issued on this subject were utilized as resources for writing this Code. Particular reco
41、gnition is given to API and their liquids integrity management standard, API Std 1160, which was used as a model for the format of this Code. The intent of this Code is to provide a systematic, comprehensive, and integrated approach to managing the safety and integrity of pipeline systems. The task
42、force that developed this Code hopes that it has achieved that intent. The 2004 Supplement was approved by the B31 Standards Committee and by the ASME Board on Pressure Technology Codes and Standards. The 2010 Supplement was approved by the B31 Standards Committee and by the ASME Board on Pressure T
43、echnology Codes and Standards. The 2012 Edition of the Supplement was a compilation of the 2010 Edition and the revisions that occurred following the issuance of the 2010 Edition. The 2014 Edition of the Supplement was a compilation of the 2012 Edition and the revisions that occurred since the issua
44、nce of the 2012 Edition. The 2016 Edition of the Supplement is a compilation of the 2014 Edition and the revisions that have occurred since the issuance of the 2014 Edition. This Edition was approved by ANSI on August 26, 2016. vASME B31 COMMITTEE Code for Pressure Piping (The following is the roste
45、r of the Committee at the time of approval of this Code.) STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS J. E. Meyer, Chair J. W. Frey, Vice Chair A. Maslowski, Secretary STANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNEL R. J. Appleby, ExxonMobil Pipeline Co. C. Becht IV, Becht Engineering Co. K. C. Bodenhamer, Willbros Professional Ser
46、vices, Engineering R. Bojarczuk, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co. C. J. Campbell, Air Liquide J. S. Chin, TransCanada Pipelines U.S. D. D. Christian, Victaulic R. P. Deubler, Fronek Power Systems, LLC C. H. Eskridge, Jr., Jacobs Engineering D. J. Fetzner, BP Exploration (Alaska), Inc. P. D. F
47、lenner, Flenner Engineering Services J. W. Frey, Stress Engineering Services, Inc. D. R. Frikken, Becht Engineering Co. R. A. Grichuk, Fluor Enterprises, Inc. R. W. Haupt, Pressure Piping Engineering Associates, Inc. G. A. Jolly, Flowserve/Gestra USA A. Maslowski, The American Society of Mechanical
48、Engineers W. J. Mauro, American Electric Power J. E. Meyer, Louis Perry Group T. Monday, Team Industries, Inc. M. L. Nayyar, NICE G. R. Petru, Acapella Engineering Services, LLC D. W. Rahoi, CCM 2000 R. Reamey, Turner Industries Group, LLC E. H. Rinaca, Dominion Resources, Inc. M. J. Rosenfeld, Kief
49、ner/Applus RTD J. T. Schmitz, Southwest Gas Corp. S. K. Sinha, Lucius Pitkin, Inc. W. J. Sperko, Sperko Engineering Services, Inc. J. Swezy, Jr., Boiler Code Tech, LLC F. W. Tatar, FM Global K. A. Vilminot, Black & Veatch L. E. Hayden, Jr., Ex-Officio Member, Consultant A. J. Livingston, Ex-Officio Member, Kinder Morgan J. S. Willis, Ex-Officio Member, Page Southerland Page, Inc. B31.8 EXECUTIVECOMMITTEE A. Maslowski, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers D. D. Anderson, Columbia Pipeline Group R. J. Appleby, ExxonMobil Pipeline Co. K. B. Kaplan, KBR K. G. Leewis
