1、ASME B89.1.6-2002(Revision of ASME B89.1.6M-1984) MEASUREMENT OF PLAININTERNAL DIAMETERSFOR USE AS MASTERRINGS OR RING GAGESAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDIntentionally left blank AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMEASUREMENT OF PLAININTERNAL DIAMETERSFOR USE AS MASTERRINGS OR RING GAGESASME B89.1.6-2002(R
2、evision of B89.1.6M-1984)Date of Issuance: December 31, 2003This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There willbe no addenda or written interpretations of the requirements of this Standard issued to this edition.ASME is the registered trademark of The Am
3、erican Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have
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5、truction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicabl
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8、pretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2003 byTHE AMERICAN SO
9、CIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the B89 Committee vi1 Scope 12 Definitions 13 References 24 Requirements of Master Rings and Ring Gages . 35 Calibration of an Identified Diameter . 56 Environment 9Figures1 Lo
10、cation of Calibrated Diameter 62 Typical Gage Block Combination Techniques for Ring Gage Measurements . 9Tables1 Surface Roughness Limits for Master Rings and Ring Gages . 42 Limits for Roundness, Taper, or Straightness for Master Rings andRing Gages 53 Diameter Tolerances for Classes and Sizes for
11、Master Rings and Ring Gages . 64 Face Squareness Error/Cosine Error Relationship 7Nonmandatory AppendicesA Effects of Form and Form Errors on Size (Geometry) 13B Measurement Uncertainty . 21C ISO Cylindrical Ring Blank Design 25iiiFOREWORDThe American National Standards Committee B89 on Dimensional
12、Metrology was establishedin February 1963 under the sponsorship of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Thefirst organization meeting was held at the United Engineering Center in New York City. Thescope of the Committee was defined as follows:Calibration and the specific conditions relating
13、 thereto. It shall encompass the inspection andthe means of measuring the characteristics of the various geometrical configurations such aslengths, plane surfaces, angles, circles, cylinders, cones, and spheres.Among the six Subcommittees originally established to carry out this mandate was B89.1 -L
14、ength, whose chairman authorized the formation of B89.1.6 to prepare a standard on the measure-ment of internal diameters for use as master rings and ring gages. The standard was approvedby ANSI as an American National Standard on June 10, 1976.The B89 Committee was reorganized as an ASME Standards
15、Committee on July 8, 1981. TheASME B89 Committee revised the Standard which included specifications that extend qualifica-tions of rings up to 21 in. (533 mm), consolidated information into tables from within the originalstandard and from other sources, and related surface texture to tolerance rathe
16、r than class. Therevised Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on June 18, 1984.In October of 1997, the B89.1.6 Committee began rewriting and revising the Standard becauseof many advances in measurement technology and standardization among laboratories both inthe United
17、States and abroad. Several changes have been made to the Standard to reflect a moreup-to-date approach to internal diameter measurement, and to include information needed bylaboratories for purposes of standardization, accreditation, etc. This revision was approved bythe American National Standards
18、Institute on October 29, 2002.ivASME B89 COMMITTEEDimensional Metrology(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)OFFICERSB. Parry, ChairD. Beutel, Vice ChairM. Lo, SecretaryCOMMITTEE PERSONNELD. Beutel, Catepillar Inc.K. L. Blaedel, University of Califor
19、niaJ. B. Bryan, Bryan AssociatesT. Carpenter, U.S. Air ForceT. Charlton, Brown and Sharpe ManufacturingW. T. Estler, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyG. Hetland, International Institute of Geometric Dimensioning andTolerancingSUBCOMMITTEE B89.1 LENGTHJ. M. Bobelak, McDonnell Douglas Aer
20、ospaceT. D. Doiron, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyD. D. Friedel, L. S. Starrett Co.C. J. Fronczek, Jr., National Institute of Standards and TechnologyM. R. Hamar, Hamar Laser Instruments Inc.WORKING GROUP B89.1.6 DIAMETER MEASUREMENT OF EXTERNAL STANDARDSD. T. Harris, Chair, Glastonb
21、ury Southern GageJ. R. Calcutt, HoneywellD. J. Christy, Mahr Federal Inc.K. John, Newark AFBK. Kokal, Micro Laboratories Inc.W. C. Lehmus, ConsultantM. J. Moran, General Service AdministrationvR. J. Hocken, University of North CarolinaR. B. Hook, ConsultantM. Lo, The American Society of Mechanical E
22、ngineersB. Parry, Boeing Co.B. R. Taylor, Renishaw PLCR. C. Veale, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyD. T. Harris, Southern GageG. L. Vander Sande, U.S. Army Armaments ResearchR. C. Veale, ConsultantW. A. Watts, Southern GageP. H. Nugent, Mahr Federal, Inc.S. Ramsdale, HoneywellP. Schmit
23、t, R.L. Schmitt Co.D. Tycz, Pratt Order Department: 22 LawDrive, Box 2300, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2300ISO 1, Standard Reference TemperatureISO Report, Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty inMEASUREMENT OF PLAIN INTERNAL DIAMETERS ASME B89.1.6-2002FOR USE AS MASTER RINGS OR RING GAGESMeasurementsInter
24、national Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1rue de Varembe, Case Postale 56, CH-1211, Geneve20, Switzerland/SuisseNIST Technical Note 1297, 1994 Edition, Guidelines forEvaluation and Expressing the Uncertainty of NISTMeasurement ResultsPublisher: National Institute of Standards and Technol-ogy
25、 (NIST), U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash-ington, DC 20402-9325Puttock and Thwaite, “Elastic Compression of Spheresand Cylinders at Point and Line Contact,” NationalStandards Laboratory Technical Paper No. 25, 1969Publisher: Commonwealth Scientific and IndustrialResearch Organization (CSIRO), 1
26、50 Oxford Street,Collingwood, Victoria 3066, Australia4 REQUIREMENTS OF MASTER RINGS AND RINGGAGES4.1 GeneralThe capability of measuring equipment and tech-niques to achieve a high order of precision in the calibra-tion of master rings or ring gage is limited by relevantfeatures and conditions of th
27、e gage to be measured.These are discussed in the following sections:(a) 4.2 Design(b) 4.3 Material(c) 4.4 Surface Roughness(d) 4.5 Geometric Requirements(e) 4.6 Face Perpendicularity of Rings(f) 4.7 Tolerance ClassesAll dimensions and specifications given in this Stan-dard are for gages that have no
28、t been modified. Modifi-cations to gages through processes such as machining,grinding, stamping, etc., where heat or stress is producedcan alter the measured diameter(s), and thus wouldinvalidate a reported dimension from a measurementtaken before the modification.The minimum marking requirements fo
29、r ring gagesshall be the size or diameter, and tolerance class. If thetolerance does not match one of the standard classes aslisted in Tables 1, 2, and 3 it does not have to be included.For rings made to tolerances other than those listed, thecustomer should specify the marking requirements.4.2 Desi
30、gnThe design and proportion specifications for gageblanks are given in ANSI/ASME B47.1.The ISO design is acceptable when communicatedbetween the customer and the manufacturer. See Appen-dix C for ISO 3670 design specifications.4.3 MaterialThe material, including coatings or wear inserts, of3rings or
31、 ring gage blanks shall be free from inclusionsor other imperfections, which would affect surface tex-ture. It is desirable for the material to have approxi-mately the same coefficient of expansion as the gageblocks to be used in order to minimize the effect of smalldifferences in temperature. It sh
32、all respond to applicablehardening and stabilizing processes to permit finishingto the pertinent surface roughness and to assure dimen-sional stability. Finished surfaces should have a mini-mum hardness equivalent to 60 on the Rockwell C Scale.Master gages shall not be subjected to any quick agingor
33、 shock treatment as a check of stability. If the materialshows magnetism, the gage should be de-magnetizedbefore measurements are taken.4.4 Surface RoughnessThe surface roughness shall be consistent with theclass tolerance of the gage. Table 1 lists maximumroughness values expressed in arithmetic av
34、erage (Ra)roughness values. ASME B46.1, shall be consulted forreference information.4.5 Geometric Requirements4.5.1 General. The diameter will be measured persection 6 of this Standard. Typical acceptance criteriafor geometric requirements are diameter measurementsspaced approximately 90 deg apart i
35、n each of threeplanes: the midsection, and each end, located116in. (1.6mm) from inside the ends of corner radii or chamfers. Forsizes below 0.150 in. (3.8 mm), a total of four diametermeasurements should be taken in two planes within thecenter half of the ring.Two-point diameter measurements will no
36、t detect theeffect that odd-numbered or irregular lobing has on size.Diameter measurements taken at multiple locations maynot fully detect ovality, even-numbered lobing, orstraightness deviation.The practical application of Table 3 would be to com-pare the measured size of a gage to the prescribed s
37、izeminus (for Go or Max.) or plus (for NoGo or Min.) thetabulated tolerance (for bilateral gages, plus and minusone-half the tabulated tolerance). The measured sizeshould fall within the size range thus specified. Thepractical application of Table 2 would be to compare allthe measurements taken on a
38、 gage and find the differ-ence between the largest and smallest measurements.The difference should not exceed the tabulated value.NOTE: ASME Y14.5M RULE #1 DOES NOT APPLY DUE TO THELIMITATIONS OF PRECISION MEASURING EQUIPMENT ANDTHE INABILITY TO CORRELATE COMPOSITE FORM DEVIA-TIONS WITH ABSOLUTE SIZ
39、E. (Perfect form at Maximum Mate-rial Condition is not required.)ASME B89.1.6-2002 MEASUREMENT OF PLAIN INTERNAL DIAMETERSFOR USE AS MASTER RINGS OR RING GAGESTable 1 Surface Roughness Limits for Master Rings and Ring GagesDiameter, in. Tolerance Class, H9262in. (Ra) Note (1)To andAbove Including XX
40、X XX X Y Z ZZ0.040 0.825 2 2 4 4 8 10Note (2) Note (2)0.825 1.510 2 2 4 8 12 14Note (2) Note (2)1.510 2.510 4 4 8 12 16 162.510 4.510 4 4 8 12 16 164.510 6.510 6 6 12 16 16 166.510 9.010 8 8 16 16 16 169.010 12.010 8 8 16 16 16 1612.010 21.010 16 16 16 16 16 16Diameter, mmTolerance Class, H9262m(Ra)
41、 Note (1)To andAbove Including XXX XX X Y Z ZZ1.016 20.96 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.25Note (2) Note (2)20.96 38.35 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.36Note (2) Note (2)38.35 63.75 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.41 0.4163.75 114.55 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.41 0.41114.55 165.35 0.15 0.15 0.30 0.41 0.41 0.41165.35 228.8
42、5 0.20 0.20 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41228.85 305.05 0.20 0.20 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41305.05 533.65 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41NOTES:(1) Rashall be evaluated using Gaussian filters with H9261c p 0.8 mm (0.030 in.), and a tip radius of 2 H9262m(80 H9262in.).(2) State-of-the-art limitations decree that the meth
43、od of verification be established by agreement betweenmanufacturer and user.4.5.2 Roundness. Deviations in roundness can bedetermined at three planes (see para. 4.5.1) perpendicu-lar to the axis of the gage, using a chart type precisionspindle instrument. The out-of-round condition shall notexceed t
44、he value shown in Table 2. ASME B89.3.1 shallbe consulted for measurement information. Ring gagesused for applications other than as diameter masters,such as limit gages, shall be evaluated by criteria applica-ble to the intended use, with Table 2 serving only as areference guide.4.5.3 Straightness
45、and Taper. Deviations from sur-face element straightness can be determined by makingaxial tracings approximately 90 deg apart using a profiletype instrument. The determined value shall not exceedthe tolerances listed in Table 2. Taper is measured as thegradual increase or decrease in diameter over t
46、he fulllength of the gage.4.6 Face Perpendicularity of RingsThe faces of the ring gage should be reasonably squareto the Inner Diameter (ID) of the ring gage to eliminatethe first order or cosine errors that arise from imperfectalignment of the measuring contacts. If the out-of-squar-eness is less t
47、han 50 times the total diameter tolerance4(see Table 3) multiplied by the stated size of the gage,the error is small enough under ordinary circumstancesto be ignored. When extremely accurate measurementsare required squareness errors may need to be elimi-nated by means of tilt tables or mathematical
48、 compen-sation.4.7 Tolerance ClassesMaster rings and ring gages are graded into classesidentified by XXX, XX, X, Y, Z, and ZZ which determinethe total applicable tolerance for a given size. When thetolerance is applied unilaterally, the full amount of thetolerance as specified in Table 3 is applied
49、to the statedgage size in one direction with the other direction beingzero. For instance, a class X ring in the 0.040 to 0.825range would have a tolerance of + 0.000040/ 0.0 (unilat-eral plus) or + 0.0/ 0.000040 (unilateral minus). Whenthe tolerance is applied bilaterally, the tolerance speci-fied in Table 3 is split in half and applied in both direc-tions from the stated gage size. For instance a class Xring in the 0.040 to 0.825 range would have a toleranceof + 0.000020/ 0.000020.MEASUREMENT OF PLAIN INTERNAL DIAMETERS ASME B89.1.6-2002FOR USE AS MASTER RINGS
