1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMeasurement ofFluid Flow by Means of Coriolis Mass FlowmetersASME MFC-112006(Revision of ASME MFC-11M2003)Intentionally left blank ASME MFC-112006(Revision of ASME MFC-11M2003)Measurement ofFluid Flow byMeans ofCoriolis MassFlowmetersAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Pa
2、rk Avenue New York, NY 10016Date of Issuance: March 30, 2007This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There willbe no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard.
3、Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for Americ
4、an NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opport
5、unity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in c
6、onnection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of a
7、ny such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsi
8、bility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without t
9、he prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2007 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the MFC Commi
10、ttee . vi1 Scope 12 Terminology, Symbols, References, and Bibliography 13 Mass Flow Measurement . 64 Coriolis Flowmeter Selection and Application Guidelines . 95 Inspection and Compliance. 156 Density Measurement of Liquid. 157 Volume Flow Measurement Under Metering Conditions. 178 Additional Measur
11、ements 199 Coriolis Flow Measurement Uncertainty Analysis Procedure. 20Figures3.1.1 Principle of Operation of a Coriolis Flowmeter 74.1.3-1 Examples of Coriolis Flowmeter Performance and Pressure Loss vs. FlowRate . 104.1.3-2 Examples of Coriolis Flowmeter Performance and Pressure Loss vs. FlowRate
12、. 104.1.3-3 Examples of Coriolis Flowmeter Performance and Pressure Loss vs. FlowRate . 114.1.3-4 Examples of Coriolis Flowmeter Performance vs. Flow Rate . 11Tables2.3 Symbols . 32.4 Abbreviations 6Nonmandatory AppendicesA Flow Calibration Techniques . 23B Safety Considerations and Secondary Contai
13、nment of Coriolis Flowmeters . 25C Coriolis Flowmeter Sizing Considerations . 26iiiFOREWORDCoriolis flowmeters cover a family of devices with varying designs that depend on the Coriolisforce generated by the fluid (liquid or gas) flowing through oscillating tube(s). The primarypurpose of Coriolis fl
14、owmeters is to measure mass flow. However, some of these flowmeters alsomeasure liquid density and temperature of the oscillating tube wall. From the measurements,the mass flow of liquid or gas, liquid density, liquid volume flow, and other related quantitiescan be determined. This Standard was appr
15、oved by the American National Standards Institute(ANSI) on July 13, 2006.ivASME MFC COMMITTEEMeasurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSZ. D. Husain, ChairR. J. DeBoom, Vice ChairA. L
16、. Guzman, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELC. J. Blechinger, Member Emeritus, ConsultantR. M. Bough, Rolls-RoyceG. P. Corpron, ConsultantR. J. DeBoom, ConsultantD. Faber, Corresponding Member, Badger Meter, Inc.R. H. Fritz, Corresponding Member, Lonestar Measurement andControlsF. D. Goodson, Em
17、erson Process Management Daniel DivisionA. L. Guzman, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersZ. D. Husain, Chevron Corp.E. H. Jones, Jr., Alternate, Chevron Petroleum TechnologyC. G. Langford, ConsultantW. M. Mattar, Invensys/Foxboro Co.SUBCOMMITTEE 11 DYNAMIC MASS FLOWMETERS (MFC)R. J. DeBoom,
18、 Chair, ConsultantG. P. Corpron, ConsultantZ. D. Husain, Chevron Corp.M. J. Keilty, Endress Hauser Flowtec AGM. S. Lee, Micro Motion, Inc.W. M. Mattar, Invensys/Foxboro Co.vG. E. Mattingly, ConsultantD. R. Mesnard, ConsultantR. W. Miller, Member Emeritus, R. W. Miller and Associates, Inc.A. M. Qurai
19、shi, American Gas AssociationB. K. Rao, ConsultantW. F. Seidl, Colorado Engineering Experiment Station, Inc.T. M. Kegel, Alternate, Colorado Engineering Experiment Station,Inc.D. W. Spitzer, Spitzer and Boyes, LLCR. N. Steven Colorado Engineering Experiment Station, Inc.D. H. Strobel, Member Emeritu
20、s, ConsultantJ. H. Vignos, Member Emeritus, ConsultantD. E. Wiklund, Rosemount, Inc.D. C. Wyatt, Wyatt EngineeringD. R. Mesnard, ConsultantA. M. Quraishi, American Gas AssociationB. K. Rao, ConsultantD. W. Spitzer, Spitzer and Boyes, LLCJ. H. Vignos, ConsultantCORRESPONDENCE WITH THE MFC COMMITTEEGe
21、neral. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent theconsensus of concerned interests. As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committeeby requesting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending committee meetings. Correspon-dence should be addresse
22、d to:Secretary, MFC Standards CommitteeThe American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5990Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changesthat appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the
23、applicationof the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should beas specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detaileddescription of the reasons for the propo
24、sal, including any pertinent documentation.Interpretations. Upon request, the MFC Committee will render an interpretation of any require-ment of the Standard. Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written request sentto the Secretary of the MFC Standards Committee.The request for int
25、erpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recommendedthat the inquirer submit his/her request in the following format:Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the topic of the inquiry.Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation isbei
26、ng requested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific requirementsuitable for general understanding and use, not as a request for an approvalof a proprietary design or situation. The inquirer may also include any plansor drawings that are necessary to explain th
27、e question; however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewritten in this format by the Committee priorto being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of
28、 any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietar
29、y device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The MFC Committee regularly holds meetings, which are opento the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of the MFCStandards Committee.viASME MFC-112006MEASUREMENT OF FLUID FLOW BY MEANS OF CORIOLISMASS FLOWMETERS
30、1 SCOPEASME MFC-11 establishes common terminology andgives guidelines for the selection, installation, calibra-tion, and operation of Coriolis flowmeters for the deter-mination of mass flow, density, volume flow, and otherparameters. The content of this Standard is applied to theflow measurement of
31、liquids, gases, mixtures of gases,multiphase flows, and miscible and immiscible mixturesof liquids.2 TERMINOLOGY, SYMBOLS, REFERENCES, ANDBIBLIOGRAPHYParagraph 2.1 lists definitions from ASME MFC-1Mused in ASME MFC-11.Paragraph 2.2 lists definitions specific to thisStandard.Paragraph 2.3 lists symbo
32、ls (see Table 2.3) used in thisStandard (see notes and superscripts).Paragraph 2.4 lists abbreviations (see Table 2.4) usedin this Standard.Paragraph 2.5 lists references used in this Standardand a bibliography.2.1 Definitions Copied From ASME MFC-1Maccuracy: the degree of freedom from error, the de
33、greeof conformity of the indicated value to the true valueof the measured quantity.calibration:(a) the process of comparing the indicated flow to atraceable reference standard(b) the process of adjusting the output of a device tobring it to a desired value, within a specified tolerancefor a particul
34、ar value of the input.cavitation: the implosion of vapor bubbles formed afterflashing when the local pressure rises above the vaporpressure of the liquid. See also flashing.Coriolis flowmeter: a device consisting of a flow sensorand a transmitter which measures the mass flow bymeans of the Coriolis
35、force generated by flowing fluidthrough oscillating tube(s); it may also provide measure-ments of density and temperature.cross-talk: if two or more Coriolis flowmeters are to bemounted close together, interference through mechani-cal coupling may occur. This is often referred to as cross-talk. The
36、manufacturer should be consulted for methodsof avoiding cross-talk.1density calibration factor(s): calibration factor(s) associ-ated with density measurement.drive system: means for inducing the oscillation of thetube(s).flashing: the formation of vapor bubbles in a liquid whenthe local pressure fal
37、ls to or below the vapor pressureof the liquid, often due to local lowering of pressurebecause of an increase in the liquid velocity. See alsocavitation.flow calibration factor(s): calibration factor(s) associatedwith mass flow measurement.flow sensor: a mechanical assembly consisting of an oscil-la
38、ting tube(s), coil drive system, oscillating tube deflec-tion measurement-sensor(s), flanges/fittings, andhousing.housing: environmental protection of the flow sensor.oscillating tube(s): tubes(s) through which the fluid to bemeasured flows.rangeability: Coriolis flowmeter rangeability is the ratioo
39、f the maximum to minimum flowrates or Reynoldsnumber in the range over which the flowmeter meets aspecified uncertainty and/or accuracy.repeatability of measurement (qualitative): the closeness ofagreement among a series of results obtained with thesame method on identical test material, under the s
40、ameconditions (same operator, same apparatus, same labo-ratory, and short intervals of time).repeatability of measurement (quantitative): the value belowwhich the absolute difference between any two singletest results obtained under the same conditions, seerepeatabilityofmeasurement(qualitative), ma
41、y be expectedto lie with a specified probability. In the absence of otherindications, the probability is 95%.reproducibility (quantitative): the closeness of agreementbetween results obtained when the conditions of mea-surement differ; for example, with respect to differenttest apparatus, operators,
42、 facilities, time intervals, etc.NOTE: The following three paragraphs are included to help withunderstanding the definitions of repeatability and reproducibility.(a) Repeatability is a quantified measure of the short term stabil-ity of a flowmeter. Repeatability can be determined from successivetest
43、s of the meter, over short periods of time, without changingthe test conditions. Repeatability can be quantified in terms of thestandard deviation or the max./min. differences in these results.(b) Reproducibility is a quantified measure of the longer-termstability of a flowmeter. Reproducibility can
44、 be determined fromASME MFC-112006tests of the meter, over longer (specified) periods of time, or whentest conditions may change (changes to be specified); such as thetypical meter-usage patterns as turning the meter off and thenturning it back on, or testing it on successive days. Reproducibilityca
45、n be quantified in terms of the standard deviation or themax./min. differences in these results.(c) Resultant differences for reproducibility may be larger thantheir repeatabilities because of the test conditions.secondary containment: housing designed to provide pro-tection to the environment if th
46、e oscillating tube(s) fail.transmitter: electronic system providing the drive andtransforming the signals from the flow sensor to giveoutput(s) of measured and inferred parameters; it alsoprovides corrections derived from parameters such astemperature.uncertainty (of measurement): the range within w
47、hich thetrue value of the measured quantity can be expected tolie with a specified probability and confidence level.zero stability: maximum expected magnitude of the Cori-olis flowmeter output at zero flow after the zero adjust-ment procedure has been completed, expressed by themanufacturer as an ab
48、solute value in mass per unit time.2.2 Definitions Specific for This Documentbase conditions: specified conditions to which the mea-sured mass of a fluid is converted to the volume ofthe fluid.error: the difference between a measured value and the“true” value of a measurand.NOTE: The “true” value ca
49、nnot usually be determined. In prac-tice, a conventional recognized “standard” or “reference” value istypically used instead.installation effect: any difference in performance of a com-ponent or the measuring system arising between thecalibration under ideal conditions and actual conditionsof use. This difference may be caused by different flowconditions due to velocity profile, perturbations, or bydifferent working regimes (pulsation, intermittent flow,alternating flow, vibrations, etc.).linearity: the consistency of the change in the scaledoutput of a Coriolis flowmeter for
