1、ASME PTB-4-2013ASME Section VIII Division 1Example Problem ManualPTB-4-2013 PTB-4-2013 ASME Section VIII - Division 1 Example Problem Manual James C. Sowinski, P.E. David A. Osage, P.E. The Equity Engineering Group, Inc. PTB-4-2013 Date of Issuance: May 24, 2013 This document was prepared as an acco
2、unt of work sponsored by ASME Pressure Technology Codes and Standards (PTCS) through the ASME Standards Technology, LLC (ASME ST-LLC). Neither ASME, the author, nor others involved in the preparation or review of this document, nor any of their respective employees, members or persons acting on thei
3、r behalf, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe upon privately owned rights. Reference herein to
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6、ice or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor a
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8、industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prio
9、r written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2013 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in the U.S.A. PTB-4-2013 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword . vi Acknowledgements viii P
10、ART 1 . 1 1.1 Introduction . 1 1.2 Scope 1 1.3 Definitions . 1 1.4 Organization and Use . 1 1.5 Comparison of VIII-1 and VIII-2 Design Rules 1 1.6 ASME Code Case 2695 1 1.7 References 2 1.8 Tables . 3 PART 2 . 5 2.1 General . 5 2.2 Example Problem Format . 5 2.3 Calculation Precision 5 PART 3 . 6 3.
11、1 Commentary on Rules to Establish the Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) . 6 3.2 Example E3.1 Use of MDMT Exemptions Curves . 10 3.3 Example E3.2 Use of MDMT Exemption Curves with Stress Reduction . 11 3.4 Example E3.3 Determine the MDMT for a Nozzle-to-Shell Welded Assembly . 12 PART 4 . 17 4
12、.1 General Requirements 17 4.1.1 Example E4.1.1 Review of General Requirements for a Vessel Design . 17 4.1.2 Example E4.1.2 Required Wall Thickness of a Hemispherical Head 18 4.2 Welded Joints 20 4.2.1 Example E4.2.1 Nondestructive Examination Requirement for Vessel Design 20 4.2.2 Example E4.2.2 N
13、ozzle Detail and Weld Sizing 21 4.2.3 Example E4.2.3 Nozzle Detail with Reinforcement Pad and Weld Sizing . 23 4.3 Internal Design Pressure 26 4.3.1 Example E4.3.1 Cylindrical Shell . 26 4.3.2 Example E4.3.2 Conical Shell . 27 4.3.3 Example E4.3.3 Spherical Shell 28 4.3.4 Example E4.3.4 Torispherica
14、l Head 28 4.3.5 Example E4.3.5 Elliptical Head 32 4.3.6 Example E4.3.6 Combined Loadings and Allowable Stresses 35 4.3.7 Example E4.3.7 Conical Transitions Without a Knuckle 44 4.3.8 Example E4.3.8 - Conical Transitions with a Knuckle 67 4.4 Shells Under External Pressure and Allowable Compressive S
15、tresses . 73 4.4.1 Example E4.4.1 - Cylindrical Shell 73 4.4.2 Example E4.4.2 - Conical Shell 76 4.4.3 Example E4.4.3 - Spherical Shell and Hemispherical Head. 80 4.4.4 Example E4.4.4 - Torispherical Head . 83 PTB-4-2013 iv 4.4.5 Example E4.4.5 - Elliptical Head . 86 4.4.6 Example E4.4.6 - Combined
16、Loadings and Allowable Compressive Stresses . 89 4.4.7 Example E4.4.7 - Conical Transitions without a Knuckle 109 4.4.8 Example E4.4.8 - Conical Transitions with a Knuckle . 137 4.5 Shells Openings in Shells and Heads . 146 4.5.1 Example E4.5.1 Radial Nozzle in Cylindrical Shell 146 4.5.2 Example E4
17、.5.2 Hillside Nozzle in Cylindrical Shell . 155 4.5.3 Example E4.5.3 Radial Nozzle in Ellipsoidal Head 165 4.5.4 Example E4.5.4 Radial Nozzle in Cylindrical Shell 173 4.5.5 Example E4.5.5 Pad Reinforced Radial Nozzle in Cylindrical Shell 179 4.5.6 Example E4.5.6 Radial Nozzle in an Ellipsoidal Head
18、with Inside Projection 188 4.6 Flat Heads . 194 4.6.1 Example E4.6.1 - Flat Unstayed Circular Heads Attached by Bolts . 194 4.6.2 Example E4.6.2 Flat Un-stayed Non-Circular Heads Attached by Welding 195 4.6.3 Example E4.6.3 Integral Flat Head with a Centrally Located Opening 196 4.7 Spherically Dish
19、ed Bolted Covers . 204 4.7.1 Example E4.7.1 Thickness Calculation for a Type D Head 204 4.7.2 Example E4.7.2 Thickness Calculation for a Type D Head Using the Alternative Rule in VIII-2, Paragraph 4.7.5.3 215 4.8 Quick-Actuating (Quick Opening) Closures 224 4.8.1 Example E4.8.1 Review of Requirement
20、s for Quick-Actuating Closures. 224 4.9 Braced and Stayed Surfaces . 226 4.9.1 Example E4.9.1 - Braced and Stayed Surfaces 226 4.10 Ligaments 229 4.10.1 Example E4.10.1 - Ligaments . 229 4.11 Jacketed Vessels . 231 4.11.1 Example E4.11.1 - Partial Jacket 231 4.11.2 Example E4.11.2 - Half-Pipe Jacket
21、 233 4.12 NonCircular Vessels 236 4.12.1 Example E4.12.1 - Unreinforced Vessel of Rectangular Cross Section . 236 4.12.2 Example E4.12.2 - Reinforced Vessel of Rectangular Cross Section 243 4.13 Layered Vessels 261 4.13.1 Example E4.13.1 Layered Cylindrical Shell . 261 4.13.2 Example E4.13.2 Layered
22、 Hemispherical Head 262 4.13.3 Example E4.13.3 Maximum Permissible Gap in a Layered Cylindrical Shell 263 4.14 Evaluation of Vessels Outside of Tolerance 264 4.14.1 Example E4.14.1 Shell Tolerances 264 4.14.2 Example E4.14.2 - Local Thin Area. 264 4.15 Supports and Attachments 266 4.15.1 Example E4.
23、15.1 - Horizontal Vessel with Zicks Analysis . 266 4.15.2 Example E4.15.2 Vertical Vessel, Skirt Design 274 4.16 Flanged Joints . 285 4.16.1 Example E4.16.1 - Integral Type . 285 4.16.2 Example E4.16.2 - Loose Type . 296 4.17 Clamped Connections . 307 PTB-4-2013 v 4.17.1 Example E4.17.1 - Flange and
24、 Clamp Design Procedure 307 4.18 Tubesheets in Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers . 319 4.18.1 Example E4.18.1 - U-Tube Tubesheet Integral with Shell and Channel. 319 4.18.2 Example E4.18.2 - U-Tube Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel 322 4.18.3 Example E4.18.3 - U-Tube Tubesheet Gasketed With She
25、ll and Channel 325 4.18.4 Example E4.18.4 - U-Tube Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Integral with Channel, Extended as a Flange . 327 4.18.5 Example E4.18.5 - Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger, Configuration b, Tubesheet Integral with Shell, Extended as a Flange and Gasketed on the Channel Side 331 4.18.6
26、Example E4.18.6 - Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger, Configuration b, Tubesheet Integral with Shell, Extended as a Flange and Gasketed on the Channel Side 342 4.18.7 Example E4.18.7 - Fixed Tubesheet Exchanger, Configuration a 357 4.18.8 Example E4.18.8 - Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel
27、; Floating Tubesheet Gasketed, Not Extended as a Flange . 370 4.18.9 Example E4.18.9 - Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel; Floating Tubesheet Integral 377 4.18.10 Example E4.18.10 - Stationary Tubesheet Gasketed With Shell and Channel; Floating Tubesheet Internally Sealed 386 4.19
28、Bellows Expansion Joints . 394 4.19.1 Example E4.19.1 U-Shaped Un-reinforced Bellows Expansion Joint and Fatigue Evaluation 394 4.19.2 Example E4.19.2 - Toroidal Bellows Expansion Joint and Fatigue Evaluation . 402 4.20 Tube-To-Tubesheet Welds . 409 4.20.1 Example E4.20.1 Full Strength Welds . 409 4
29、.20.2 Example E4.20.2 Partial Strength Welds 416 4.21 Nameplates . 423 4.21.1 Example E4.21.1 Single Chamber Pressure Vessel . 423 4.21.2 Example E4.21.2 Single Chamber Pressure Vessel . 425 4.21.3 Example E4.21.3 Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger . 426 PART 5 . 427 5.1 Design-By-Analysis for Section VI
30、II, Division 1 427 5.2 Paragraph U-2(g) Design-By-Analysis Provision without Procedures . 427 PART 6 . 430 6.1 Example E6.1 Postweld Heat Treatment of a Pressure Vessel 430 6.2 Example E6.2 Out-of-Roundness of a Cylindrical Forged Vessel . 433 PART 7 . 436 7.1 Inspection and Examination Rules Commen
31、tary 436 7.2 Example E7.1 NDE: Establish Joint Efficiencies, RT-1 443 7.3 Example E7.2 NDE: Establish Joint Efficiencies, RT-2 445 7.4 Example E7.3 NDE: Establish Joint Efficiencies, RT-3 447 7.5 Example E7.4 NDE: Establish Joint Efficiencies, RT-4 449 PART 8 . 452 8.1 Example E8.1 Determination of
32、a Hydrostatic Test Pressure . 452 8.2 Example E8.2 Determination of a Pneumatic Test Pressure 453 PTB-4-2013 vi FOREWORD This document is the second edition of the ASME Section VIII Division 1 example problem manual. The purpose of this second edition is to update the example problems to keep curren
33、t with the changes incorporated into the 2013 edition of the ASME B but also exist in material, fabrication, and examination requirements. A plan has been developed to coordinate common rules with the following objectives. Common rules in the Section VIII Division 1, 2, and 3 codes should be identic
34、al and updated at the same time to ensure consistency. Common rules will be identified and published in a single document and referenced by other documents to; promote user-friendliness, minimize volunteer time on maintenance activities, and increase volunteer time for incorporation of new technolog
35、ies to keep the Section VIII codes competitive and to facilitate publication. Core rules for basic vessel design such as wall thickness for shells and formed heads, nozzle design, etc. will be maintained in Division 1; although different from Division 2 these rules are time-proven and should remain
36、in Division1 because they provide sufficient design requirements for many vessels. ASME Section VIII Committee recognizes that Division 2 is the most technically advanced and best organized for referencing from the other Divisions and recommends that, with the exception of overpressure protection re
37、quirements, common rules identified by the committee shall reside in Division 2 and be referenced from Division 1 and Division 3, as applicable. PTB-4-2013 vii As a starting point for the common rules initiative, the ASME Section VIII Committee has developed Code Case 2695 to permit the use of some
38、the design-by-rule procedures in Division 2 to be used for Division 1 construction. As part of the common rules initiative, the ASME Section VIII Committee is working with ASME ST-LLC to create separate example problem manuals for each Division. These manuals will contain problem examples that illus
39、trate the proper use of code rules in design. PTB-4-2013 viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge the review performed by the following members of the BPV VIII Committee: Gabriel Aurioles, Anne Chaudouet, Michael Clark, Maan Jawad, Scott Mayeux, Ramsey Mahadeen, Urey Miller, Clyde Neely, Frank R
40、ichter, and Jay Vattappilly. We would also like to commend the efforts of Allison Bradfield, Jeffrey Gifford, and Tiffany Shaughnessy for their documentation control and preparation skills in the publication of this manual. PTB-4-2013 1 PART 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1.1 Introduction ASME B Part 3 Mate
41、rials Requirements Part 4 Design By Rule Requirements parts in Section VIII, Division 1 Part 5 Design By Analysis Part 6 Fabrication Requirements Part 7 Examination Requirements Part 8 Pressure Testing Requirements A summary of the example problems provided is contained in Table of Contents. 2.2 Exa
42、mple Problem Format In all of the example problems, with the exception of tubesheet design rules in paragraph 4.18, the code equations are shown with symbols and with substituted numerical values to fully illustrate the use of the code rules. Because of the complexity of the tubesheet rules, only th
43、e results for each step in the calculation producer is shown. If the design rules in VIII-1 are the same as those in VIII-2, the example problems are typically solved using the procedures given in VIII-2 because of the structured format of the rules, i.e. a step-by-step procedure is provided. When t
44、his is done, the paragraphs containing rules are shown for both VIII-1 and VIII-2. 2.3 Calculation Precision The calculation precision used in the example problems is intended for demonstration proposes only; any intended precision is not implied. In general, the calculation precision should be equi
45、valent to that obtained by computer implementation, rounding of calculations should only be done on the final results. PTB-4-2013 6 PART 3 MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Commentary on Rules to Establish the Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) Requirements for low temperature operation for vessels an
46、d vessel parts constructed of carbon and low alloy steels are provided in paragraphs UCS-66, UCS-67 and UCS-68. The organization of the requirements is as follows: a) Paragraph UCS-66 provides rules for exemption of impact test requirements for carbon and low alloy steel base material listed in Part
47、 UCS. b) Paragraph UCS-67 provides rules for exemption of impact test requirements for welding procedures. c) Paragraph UCS-68 provides supplemental design rules for carbon and low alloy steels with regard to Weld Joint Categories, Joint Types, post weld heat treatment requirements, and allowable st
48、ress values. Paragraph UCS-66(a) provides impact test exemption rules based on a combination of material specification, governing thickness, and required MDMT using exemption curves. The rules are applicable to individual components and welded assemblies comprised of two or more components with a go
49、verning thickness. Welded, nonwelded, and cast components are covered with limitation of the exemption rules based on thickness. Paragraph UCS-66(b) provides for an additional reduction of temperature for impact test exemption based on a temperature reduction curve and a coincident ratio defined simply as the required thickness to the nominal thickness. The coincident ratio can also be applied to pressure and or stress. The following logic diagrams, shown
