1、ASME PTB-5-2013ASME Section VIII Division 3 Example Problem ManualPTB-5-2013 ASME Section VIII Division 3 Example Problem Manual Prepared by: Daniel T. Peters, PE Kevin Haley Ashwin Padmala Structural Integrity Associates, Inc. Date of Issuance: March 29, 2013 This document was prepared as an accoun
2、t of work sponsored by ASME Pressure Technology Codes and Standards (PTCS) through the ASME Standards Technology, LLC (ASME ST-LLC). Neither ASME, the author, nor others involved in the preparation or review of this document, nor any of their respective employees, members or persons acting on their
3、behalf, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe upon privately owned rights. Reference herein to an
4、y specific commercial product, process or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring by ASME or others involved in the preparation or review of this document, or any agency thereof. The views and op
5、inions of the authors, contributors and reviewers of the document expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of ASME or others involved in the preparation or review of this document, or any agency thereof. ASME does not “approve,” “rate”, or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary devic
6、e or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor ass
7、ume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with in
8、dustry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this publication. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior writt
9、en permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2013 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in the U.S.A. PTB-5-2013 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword . viii PART 1 . 1 1 General Require
10、ments 2 1.1 Introduction . 2 1.2 Scope . 2 1.3 Organization and Use 2 PART 2 . 3 2 Example Problem Descriptions Part Contents . 4 2.1 General . 4 2.2 Calculation Precision . 4 2.3 Tables . 4 PART 3 . 6 3 Example Problems Materials . 7 3.1 Example Problem E-KM-2.1.1 Evaluation of Test Locations for C
11、ylindrical Forgings in Accordance with KM-2 . 7 3.2 Example Problem E-KM-2.1.2 Calculation of Fracture Toughness based on Charpy Impact Tests (KM-251) . 8 PART 4 . 9 4 Example Problems General Design Issues. 10 4.1 Example Problem E-KD-2.1.1 Determination of Design Pressure in Cylindrical Vessel Mon
12、obloc Vessel . 10 4.2 Example Problem E-KD-2.1.2 Determination of Design Pressure in Cylindrical Vessel Dual Layered Vessel 13 4.3 Example Problem E-KD-2.2.1 Elastic Plastic Analysis . 14 4.4 Example Problem E-KD-2.2.2 Protection Against Local Failure (Elastic-Plastic Analysis). 22 4.5 Example Probl
13、em E-KD-2.2.3 Ratcheting Assessment Elastic-Plastic Stress Analysis 26 4.6 Example Problem E-KD-2.2.4 Generate a Stress-Strain Curve for Use in Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis . 34 4.7 Example Problem E-KD-2.3.1 Linear Elastic Stress Analysis . 36 4.8 Example Problem E-KD-2.3.2 Elastic Stres
14、s Analysis Protection Against Local Failure KD-247 45 PART 5 . 47 5 Example Problems Fatigue Assessment 48 PTB-5-2013 iv 5.1 Example Problem E-KD-3.1.1 Evaluation of Leak-Before-Burst in Cylindrical Vessel Monobloc Vessel . 48 5.2 Example Problem E-KD-3.1.2 Evaluation of Leak-Before-Burst in Cylindr
15、ical Vessel Dual Layered Vessel . 51 5.3 Example Problem E-KD-3.1.3 Fatigue Assessment of Welds Elastic Analysis and Structural Stress. 52 5.4 Example Problem E-KD-3.1.4 Non-Welded Vessel using Design Fatigue Curves . 56 PART 6 . 60 6 Example Problems Life Assessment Using Fracture Mechanics . 61 6.
16、1 Example Problem E-KD-4.1.1 Determine the Design Life of a Vessel from E-KD-2.1.1 61 PART 7 . 69 7 Example Problems on Residual Stresses using Autofrettage . 70 7.1 Example Problem E-KD-5.1.1 Determine Residual Stresses in Autofrettaged Cylinder Wall with known Autofrettage Pressure . 70 7.2 Exampl
17、e Problem E-KD-5.1.2 Determine the Autofrettage Pressure in a Cylinder Wall with known Residual ID Tangential Strain . 73 PART 8 . 75 8 Example Problems in Closures and Connections . 76 8.1 Example Problem E-KD-6.1.1 Evaluation of a Connection in a 60 ksi Pressure Vessel at 100F . 76 8.2 Example Pro
18、blem E-KD-6.1.2 Alternative Evaluation of Stresses in Threaded End Closures . 78 PART 9 . 80 9 Example Problems on Residual Stresses in Multiwall Vessels 81 9.1 Example Problem E-KD-8.1.1 Dual Wall Cylindrical Vessel Stress Distribution 81 PART 10 . 83 10 Example Problems in Determination of Hydrost
19、atic Test Pressure . 84 10.1 Example Problem E-KT-3.1.1 Determination of Hydrostatic Test Pressure in Cylindrical Vessel 84 PART 11 . 86 11 Example Problems Using the Methods of Appendix E 87 11.1 Example Problem E-AE-2.1.1 Blind End Dimensions and Corner Stresses in a Vessel without Detailed Stress
20、 Analysis Thick Wall Pressure Vessel 87 11.2 Example Problem E-AE-2.1.2 Blind End Dimensions and Corner Stresses in a Vessel without Detailed Stress Analysis Thin Wall Pressure Vessel 88 11.3 Example Problem E-AE-2.2.1 Thread Load Distribution 89 References . 91 PTB-5-2013 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1 S
21、ummary of Example Problems . 4 Table 2 E-KD-2.1.1-1 Tabulated Stresses from Figures E-KD-2.1.1-1 and -2 at Corresponding Design Pressure 13 Table 3 E-KD-2.3.1-1 Results of the Elastic Analysis Using Criterion from Figure KD-240 of the 2010 Section VIII, Division 3, KD-240 ASME Code Design Pressure 4
22、5 Table 4 E-KD-2.3.1-2 KD-247 Triaxial Stress Criteria . 46 Table 5 E-KD-3.1.4-1 Principal Stresses in Cylinder 57 Table 6 E-KD-3.1.4-2 Calculated Stress Intensities and other Values for Fatigue 58 Table 7 E-KD-3.1.4-3 Values for Interpolation from Table KD-320.1 for Figure KD-320.3 . 59 Table 8 E-A
23、E-2.2.1-1 Thread Load Distribution . 90 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 E-KD-2.1.1-1 Stress Distribution in Monoblock Open End Shell . 11 Figure 2 E-KD-2.1.1-2 Stress Distribution in Monoblock Closed End Shell 12 Figure 3 E-KD-2.2.1-1 ASME Section VIII Division 3 Monobloc Vessel Configuration (Y = 2.0) wit
24、h 2 TPI ACME thread with full radius root . 15 Figure 4 E-KD-2.2.1-2 Mesh of the Monobloc Vessel with Detailed Views of the Blind End, Closure and Body Threaded Connection 16 Figure 5 E-KD-2.2.1-3 Load and Boundary Conditions on the Monobloc Model . 17 Figure 6 E-KD-2.2.1-4 Results of the Elastic-Pl
25、astic Analysis for LC #1 at a Factored Load of 81,000 psi and acceleration of 1.8 g; von Mises Stress 19 Figure 7 E-KD-2.2.1-5 Results of the Elastic-Plastic Analysis for LC #1 at a Factored Load of 81,000 psi and acceleration of 1.8g; Equivalent Plastic Strain . 20 Figure 8 E-KD-2.2.1-6 Results of
26、the Elastic-Plastic Analysis for LC #2 at a Factored Load of 57,600 psi and gravitational load of 1.0 g; von Mises Stress . 21 Figure 9 E-KD-2.2.1-7 Results of the Elastic-Plastic Analysis for LC #2 at a Factored Load of 57,600 psi and gravitational load of 1.0 g; Equivalent Plastic Strain . 22 Figu
27、re 10 E-KD-2.2.2-1 Contour Plot of the Strain Limit, L24 Figure 11 E-KD-2.2.2-2 Contour Plot of Equivalent Plastic Strain, peq - Local Criteria . 25 Figure 12 E-KD-2.2.2-3 Elastic-Plastic Strain Limit Ratio Results for Local Failure Analysis Results at 57,600 psi . 26 Figure 13 E-KD-2.2.3-1 Loads an
28、d Boundary Conditions on the Monobloc Model for Ratcheting Assessment . 27 Figure 14 E-KD-2.2.3-2 von Mises Stress Plot for Hydrostatic Test Pressure of 57,600 psig 29 Figure 15 E-KD-2.2.3-3 Equivalent Plastic Strain for Hydrostatic Test Pressure of 57,600 psig . 29 Figure 16 E-KD-2.2.3-4 von Mises
29、Stress Plot for Operating Pressure of 40,000 psig, 1stcycle 30 PTB-5-2013 vi Figure 17 E-KD-2.2.3-5 Equivalent Plastic Strain for Operating Pressure of 40,000 psig, 1stcycle 30 Figure 18 E-KD-2.2.3-6 von Mises Stress Plot for Operating Pressure of 40,000 psig, End of the 3rdcycle . 31 Figure 19 E-KD
30、-2.2.3-7 Equivalent Plastic Strain for Operating Pressure of 40,000 psig, End of the 3rdcycle . 32 Figure 20 E-KD-2.2.3-8 Contour Plot of the Strain Limit, Lin the overall model Ratcheting Criteria 33 Figure 21 E-KD-2.2.3-9 Contour Plot of the Total Accumulated Damage, Dt End of 3rdOperating cycle .
31、 33 Figure 22 E-KD-2.2.4-1 True Stress True Strain Curve for SA-723 Grade 2 Class 2 . 36 Figure 23 E-KD-2.3.1-1 ASME Section VIII Division 3 Monobloc Vessel Configuration with 2 TPI ACME thread with Full Radius Root 37 Figure 24 E-KD-2.3.1-2 Axisymmetric FE Model . 38 Figure 25 E-KD-2.3.1-3 Mesh of
32、the Monobloc Vessel with Detailed Views of the Blind End and Body Thread Components 39 Figure 26 E-KD-2.3.1-4 Load and Boundary Conditions for the FE Model 40 Figure 27 E-KD-2.3.1-5 Results of Elastic Analysis, Stress Intensity in Deformed State for Design Pressure and the Critical Locations through
33、 the Vessel Requiring Stress Evaluation . 41 Figure 28 E-KD-2.3.1-6 Stress Classification Lines (SCLs) in the First Thread and Undercut Regions Stress Intensity (psi) . 42 Figure 29 E-KD-2.3.1-7 Stress Classification Lines (SCLs) in the Body Shell Region Away from Discontinuities Stress Intensity (p
34、si) . 43 Figure 30 E-KD-2.3.1-8 Stress Classification Lines (SCLs) in the Blind End Region Stress Intensity (psi) 43 Figure 31 E-KD-3.1.1-1 Stress Distribution in Vessel Wall . 49 Figure 32 E-KD-3.1.1-2 Cylinder Surface Crack, Longitudinal Direction Semi-Elliptical Shape (API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1 Figu
35、re C.15) . 50 Figure 33 E-KD-3.1.3-1 Stress Distribution in Monoblock Open End Shell from E-KD-2.1.1 Evaluated at 24,500 psi . 56 Figure 34 E-KD-4.1.1-1 Stress through the Vessel Wall due to Operating Pressure (40 ksi) 62 Figure 35 E-KD-4.1.1-2 Stress Intensity Factor for the Crack and Aspect Ratio
36、vs. Crack Depth . 64 Figure 36 E-KD-4.1.1-3 Crack Size vs. Number of Cycles 65 Figure 37 E-KD-4.1.1-4 Example of a Failure Assessment Diagram (from API 579-1 / ASME FFS-1 Fig 9.20) . 66 Figure 38 E-KD-4.1.1-5 Failure Assessment Diagram for E-KD-4.1.1 . 67 Figure 39 E-KD-5.1.2-1 Stress Distribution I
37、n Vessel Wall 73 PTB-5-2013 vii Figure 40 E-KD-6.1.1-1 Typical High Pressure Connection (from Appendix H of ASME Section VIII, Division 3) 76 Figure 41 E-KD-6.1.2-1 Circumferential Stress at First Thread in Vessel Closure using KD-631.2 . 79 Figure 42 E-KD-8.1.1-1 Stress Distribution In Dual Wall Ve
38、ssel Liner and Body . 82 Figure 43 E-AE-2.2.2-1 Dimensions of Blind End of a Thick Walled Pressure Vessel (from Figure E-110) . 88 PTB-5-2013 viii FOREWORD In the 1980s, the Special Working Group on High Pressure Vessels was established for the purpose of creating a Standard dealing with the constru
39、ction of “high pressure vessels” which are in general above 10,000 psi. This was based on recommendations made by the Operations, Applications, and Components Technical Committee of the ASME Pressure Vessel and Piping Division. “ASME Section VIII, Division 3 Alternative Rules for Construction of Hig
40、h Pressure Vessels” was first published in 1997. The Committee continues to refine and develop the Standard to this day. Some of the innovative concepts which began with ASME Section VIII, Division 3 include: Use of elastic-plastic finite element analysis in design of pressure equipment One of the l
41、owest design margins which was originally published at 2.0 and then lowered to 1.8 Use of high strength materials for the pressure equipment used in manufacture of high pressure equipment Stringent requirements on fracture toughness for materials used in construction Complete volumetric and surface
42、examination after hydrotest The use of fracture mechanics for evaluation of design life assessment in all cases where “Leak-Before-Burst” cannot be shown Consideration of beneficial residual stresses in the evaluation of the design life of vessels ASME contracted with Structural Integrity Associates
43、, Inc. to develop the ASME Section VIII, Division 3 Example Problem Manual. This publication is provided to illustrate some of the design calculations and methodologies used in the ASME B Part KM - Materials Requirements Part KD-2 - Design By Rule Requirements Part KD-2 Elastic Plastic Analysis Part
44、 KD-2- Elastic Analysis Requirements Part KD-3 Life Assessment using Fatigue Part KD-4 Life Assessment using Fracture Mechanics Part KD-5 Evaluation of Residual Stress due to Autofrettage Part KD-6 Design Assessment of Heads and Connections Part KD-8 Evaluation of Residual Stress Due to Shrink Fitti
45、ng Part KT Determination of Hydrostatic Test Range Appendix E Special Design by Rules for Closed Ends and Threads A summary of the example problems provided is contained in Table 1. 2.2 Calculation Precision The calculation precision used in the example problems is intended for demonstration propose
46、s only; an intended precision is not implied. In general, the calculation precision should be equivalent to that obtained by computer implementation, rounding of calculations should only be performed on the final results. 2.3 Tables Table 1 Summary of Example Problems Part Example Description 3 E-KM
47、-2.1.1 Determination of test locations and number of tests for round bar 3 E-KM-2.1.2 Calculation of KIC for fracture Mechanics Evaluation based on Test method 4 E-KD-2.1.1 Determination of Design Pressure in Cylindrical Vessel Monobloc Vessel 4 E-KD-2.1.2 Determination of Design Pressure in Cylindr
48、ical Vessel Dual Layered Vessel 4 E-KD-2.2.1 Elastic Plastic Analysis 4 E-KD-2.2.2 Protection Against Local Failure (Elastic-Plastic Analysis) PTB-5-2013 5 Part Example Description 4 E-KD-2.2.3 Ratcheting Assessment Elastic Plastic Analysis 4 E-KD-2.2.4 Generate a Stress-Strain Curve for Use in Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis 4 E-KD-2.3.1 Linear Elastic Stress Analysis 4 E-KD-2.3.2 Elastic Stress Analysis Protection Against Local Failure KD-247 5 E-KD-3.1.1 Evaluation of Leak-Before-Burst in Cylindrical Vessel Monobloc Vessel 5 E-KD-3.1.
