1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDGas TurbinesASME PTC 22-2005Revision of ASME PTC 22-1997 (R2003)Performance Test CodesCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME PTC 22-2005Revision of ASME
2、PTC 22-1997 (R2003)Gas TurbinesPerformance Test CodesThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: May 30, 2006
3、This Code will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be noaddenda issued to ASME PTC 22-2005.ASME issues written replies to inquiries as code cases interpretations of technical aspects of this doc-ument. Code cases and interpretations are published on the ASM
4、E Web site under the Committee Pagesat http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code of standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan-dards. The Standards
5、 Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from com-petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avail-able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public inp
6、ut from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any itemsmention
7、ed in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringe-ment of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advisedthat determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and th
8、e risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely theirown responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as gov-ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only thos interp
9、retations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission
10、of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2006 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction o
11、r networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSNotice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viCommittee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiCorrespondence With the PTC 22 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixIntroduction .
13、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xSection 1 Object and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 Test Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、. . . . . . . . . . . 11-4 Other Requirements and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Section 2 Definitions and Description of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-2 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42-3 Subscripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . 5Section 3 Guiding Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63-1 Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63-2 Preparations to Test . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83-3 Conduct of Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93-4 Test Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113-5 Test Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113-6 Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Section 4 Instrument
20、s and Methods of Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134-1 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134-2 Pressure Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . 154-3 Temperature Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194-4 Gas Fuel Heat Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194-5 Liquid Fuel Heat Input . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234-6 Electrical Generation Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254-7 Mechanical Power Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294-8 Speed Me
23、asurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294-9 Humidity Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294-10 Heat Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304-11 Other Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Section 5 Computation of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325-1 Electrical Po
25、wer Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325-2 Mechanical Power Output Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345-3 Heat Rate Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . 345-4 Correction of Test ResultsFundamental Performance Equations . . . . . . . . . . . 375-5 Application of Correction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385-6 Degradation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Section 6 Test Report Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416-1 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416-2 Summary . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416-3 Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416-4 Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-6-5 Calculations and Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . 416-6 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Section 7 Test Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427-1 Introduction . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427-2 Understanding Test Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427-3 Unit Output and Thermal Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . . . . . 447-4 Comparative Testing Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527-5 Uncertainty of Flow Calculation From Heat Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Figures3-1 Generic Test Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74-2.1 Five-Way Manifold for Differential Pressure (DP) Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174-2.2 Differential Pressure (DP) Correction for Flow in Non-Horizontal Lines . . . . . . 184-4.1 Generic Gas Fuel Test Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204-5.1 Generic Liquid Fuel Test Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234-6A Two-Meter Metering System for Use on Three-Wire Delta ConnectedPower Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254-6B Two-Meter Metering System for Use on Three-Wire Wye Connected Power Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264-6C Three-Meter Metering System for Use on Four-Wire Power Systems . . . . . .
36、 . . . 267-2.1 Illustrating Systematic, Biand Random Errors, 2Si. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427-2.1.2B Test Uncertainty Illustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Tables3-1.5.2 Required Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83-3.5 Maximum Permissible Standard Deviations of Measurements inOperating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104-1 Maximum Allowable Measurement Uncertainties . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . 134-4.5 Gas Properties of Selected Ideal Gases at 60.0F and 14.696 psia . . . . . . . . . . . . 225-3.1 Typical Values for Unit Conversion Factor N1, Using Common Units of Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
39、-3.2 Typical Values for Unit Conversion Factor N2, Using Common Units of Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365-4.1 Summary of Additive Correction Factors for Power FundamentalPerformance Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385-4.2 Summary of Correction Factors in All Fundamental PerformanceEquations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387-3.1A Step 1: Pretest Uncertainty Calculation, Code Limit . . .
41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457-3.1B Step 2: Pretest Planned Uncertainty Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467-3.1C Step 3: Post-Test Uncertainty Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477-3.3.2.2 Orifice Factors Uncertainty
42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497-3.3.2.3 Heat Input Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507-4.4.1 Comparative Test Uncertainty Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43、. . . . . . . 53Nonmandatory AppendicesADetermination of Gas Turbine Exhaust Energy, Flow, and Temperature . . . . . . . 56B Comparative Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76C Sample Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79D References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86EUnit Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45、 . 87ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NOTICEAll Performance Test Codes must adhere to the requirements of ASME PTC 1, General Instruc-tions. The following information is based on
46、that document and is included here for emphasisand for the convenience of the user of the Code. It is expected that the Code user is fully cog-nizant of Sections 1 and 3 of ASME PTC 1 and has read them prior to applying this Code.ASME Performance Test Codes provide test procedures that yield results
47、 of the highest levelof accuracy consistent with the best engineering knowledge and practice currently available. Theywere developed by balanced committees representing all concerned interests and specify proce-dures, instrumentation, equipment-operating requirements, calculation methods, and uncert
48、aintyanalysis.When tests are run in accordance with a Code, the test results themselves, without adjustmentfor uncertainty, yield the best available indication of the actual performance of the tested equip-ment. ASME Performance Test Codes do not specify means to compare those results to contrac-tua
49、l guarantees. Therefore, it is recommended that the parties to a commercial test agree beforestarting the test and preferably before signing the contract on the method to be used for com-paring the test results to the contractual guarantees. It is beyond the scope of any Code to de-termine or interpret how such comparisons shall be made.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or ne
