1、Gas Turbine Inlet Air-Conditioning EquipmentPerformance Test CodesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME PTC 51-2011ASME PTC 51-2011Gas Turbine Inlet Air-Conditioning EquipmentPerformance Test CodesThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USAAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDate of Issuance: February 29, 2012Thi
2、s Code will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this document. Periodically certain actions of the ASME PTC Committee may be published as Code Cases. Code Cases and interpretati
3、ons are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages to provide correc-tions to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical
4、 errors in codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted. The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available to automatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard. This option can be found on
5、 the appro-priate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “Publication Information” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards.
6、 The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additiona
7、l public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any
8、 items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent
9、 rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for o
10、nly those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior
11、written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2012 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.iiiCONTENTSNotice viForeword viiAcknowledgments viiCommittee Roster viiiCorrespon
12、dence With the PTC Committee . ixSection 1 Object and Scope 11-1 Object . 11-2 Scope 11-3 Uncertainty . 11-4 Other Requirements and References 2Section 2 Definitions and Description of Terms 32-1 Symbols . 32-2 Definitions 5Section 3 Guiding Principles . 113-1 Preparations for Testing 113-2 Tests .
13、133-3 Operation of Test 133-4 Records 163-5 Calculation and Reporting of Results . 16Section 4 Instruments and Methods of Measurement 184-1 General Requirements . 184-2 Pressure Measurement 224-3 Temperature Measurement 264-4 Humidity Measurement . 324-5 Liquid and Steam Flow Measurement . 354-6 Air
14、-Flow Measurement . 414-7 High-Voltage Electrical Measurement 514-8 Intermediate- and Low-Voltage Electrical Measurement 554-9 Droplet Carryover and Droplet Size . 564-10 Data Collection and Handling . 59Section 5 Computation of Results . 625-1 General Calculation Methodology 625-2 Common Parameters
15、 and Variables 625-3 General Correction Methodology . 685-4 Inlet Cooling Using Evaporative Media . 695-5 Inlet Cooling Using Fogging 705-6 Inlet Cooling Using Chillers (Multiple Arrangements) . 745-7 Inlet Heating Using Closed-Loop Systems (Coils) . 865-8 Inlet Heating Using Open-Loop Heating Syste
16、ms (Compressor Bleed) . 88Section 6 Report of Results . 906-1 General Requirements . 906-2 Executive Summary 906-3 Introduction 906-4 Calculations and Results 906-5 Instrumentation and Measurements . 906-6 Conclusion 916-7 Appendices . 91ivSection 7 Test Uncertainty 927-1 Introduction 927-2 Inputs f
17、or an Uncertainty Analysis . 927-3 Error Sources 927-4 Calculation of Uncertainty . 927-5 Correlated and Noncorrelated Approaches to Uncertainty Measurement . 937-6 Measurements 937-7 Estimated Uncertainties 937-8 Posttest Uncertainty Analysis 937-9 Repeatability . 937-10 Spatial Systematic Uncertai
18、nty 93Section 8 References 958-1 References . 958-2 Additional Referenced ASME Documents . 95Figures3-1.2-1 Sample Test Boundary 123-3.7-1 Three Posttest Cases 154-2.6.2-1 Five-Way Manifold . 264-2.6.2-2 Water Leg Correction for Flow Measurement 264-3.3.2.1-1 Four-Wire Resistance Temperature Detecto
19、r (RTD) . 294-3.3.2.2-1 Three-Wire Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) . 294-3.6.2-1 Flow-Through Well 314-6.3.1-1 Five-Hole Probe . 444-6.3.1-2 Three-Hole Probe . 454-6.3.3-1 Directional Thermal Anemometer: Triaxial Probe (Three Wire) . 464-6.4-1 Free-Stream Flow Nozzle Jet 474-6.4-2 ASME Flow Ch
20、amber . 474-6.4-3 Wind Tunnel . 494-6.4.1-1 Typical Calibration Curve for a Five-Hole Probe . 505-2-1 Generic Test Boundary Diagram . 635-4.1-1 Evaporative Cooler Test Boundary Diagram 705-5.1-1 Inlet Fogger Test Boundary Diagram . 715-5.2.2-1 Sample Fogging System Design Curve for System CoolingCap
21、ability vs. Potential Cooling Level . 725-5.2.4-1 Sample Fogging System Design Curve for Water Flow vs.Expected Inlet Air Cooling . 735-6.2.1-1 Inlet Chiller Test Boundary Diagram: Coils Only . 765-6.3.1-1 Inlet Chiller Test Boundary Diagram: Coils and Primary Cooling Loop 785-6.4.1-1 Inlet Chiller
22、Test Boundary Diagram: Coils, Primary Cooling Loop, and Chiller Loop . 815-6.5.1-1 Inlet Chiller Test Boundary Diagram: Entire Chiller System 845-7.1-1 Inlet Heater Test Boundary Diagram 865-8.1-1 Compressor Air Heater Test Boundary Diagram 887-10-1 Outlet Air Temperature Distribution at the Outlet
23、of an Evaporative Condenser 94Tables1-3-1 Representative Test Uncertainties . 22-1-1 Symbols . 32-1-2 Subscripts 53-3.1-1 Maximum Permissible Deviation From Base Reference Conditions and Minimum and Maximum Requirements . 133-3.3-1 Maximum Permissible Variation in Test-Run Conditions . 154-5.3.1-1 U
24、nits and the Conversion Factor for Mass Flow Through a Differential Pressure Class Meter 374-5.3.1-2 Summary Uncertainty of Discharge Coefficient and Expansion Factor 38v4-6.3-1 Air-Velocity Measurement Devices . 434-8.4-1 Electrical Horsepower . 564-8.4-2 Properties of Conductors 574-8.4-3 Multiply
25、ing Factors for Converting DC Resistance to 60-Hz AC Resistance . 587-10-1 Spatial Systematic Uncertainty Calculation (Step-by-Step) 94Nonmandatory AppendicesA Method of Testing Atomizing Nozzles . 97B Sample Uncertainty Analyses 110viNOTICEAll Performance Test Codes must adhere to the requirements
26、of ASME PTC 1, General Instructions. The following information is based on that document and is included here for emphasis and for the convenience of the user of the Code. It is expected that the Code user is fully cognizant of Sections 1 and 3 of ASME PTC 1 and has read them prior to applying this
27、Code.ASME Performance Test Codes provide test procedures that yield results of the highest level of accuracy consistent with the best engineering knowledge and practice currently available. They were developed by balanced committees representing all concerned interests and specify procedures, instru
28、mentation, equipment-operating requirements, calculation methods, and uncertainty analysis.When tests are run in accordance with a Code, the test results themselves, without adjustment for uncertainty, yield the best available indication of the actual performance of the tested equipment. ASME Perfor
29、mance Test Codes do not specify means to compare those results to contractual guarantees. Therefore, it is recommended that the par-ties to a commercial test agree before starting the test and preferably before signing the contract on the method to be used for comparing the test results to the contr
30、actual guarantees. It is beyond the scope of any Code to determine or interpret how such comparisons shall be made.viiFOREWORDASME Performance Test Codes (PTCs) have long existed for determining the performance of gas turbines units and for gas-turbine-based overall plant performance in electric pow
31、er production facilities. These codes have advised the user to conduct testing of gas turbines and gas-turbine-based plants with inlet conditioning out of service and to correct the results of the test with results of a subsequent test of the inlet conditioning system. Yet users of the test codes we
32、re without a test code to provide guidance of the performance of such a test since a Performance Test Code has heretofore not existed to determine the performance of gas turbine inlet air-conditioning equipment. With the growing use of gas turbine inlet air-conditioning equipment in the electric pow
33、er generation industry, the need for a code addressing gas turbine inlet air-conditioning equipment became very apparent. In response to these needs, the ASME Board on Performance Test Codes approved the formation of a committee (PTC 51) in September 2002 with the charter of devel-oping a code for t
34、he determination of inlet air-conditioning equipment performance. The organizational meeting of this Committee was held in March 2003. The resulting Committee included experienced and qualified users, manufacturers, and general interest category personnel from both the regulated and nonregulated ele
35、ctric power generating industry.In developing the first issue of this Code, the Committee reviewed common industry practices with regard to inlet air-conditioning equipment testing. The Committee was not able to identify any general consensus testing methods, and discovered many conflicting philosop
36、hies, approaches, and performance definitions. For some inlet air-conditioning equipment, correction approaches to standard conditions did not exist. The Committee has strived to develop an objec-tive code that addresses the multiple needs for explicit testing methods and procedures, while attemptin
37、g to provide maximum flexibility in recognition of the wide range of inlet air-conditioning designs and the multiple needs for this Code. This Code was approved by the PTC 51 Committee on November 17, 2010. It was then approved and adopted by the Performance Test Code Standards Committee on December
38、 9, 2010. It was also approved as an American National Standard by the ANSI Board of Standards Review on March 30, 2011.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe PTC 51 Committee wishes to acknowledge the contribution of the following individuals to the development of Nonmandatory Appendix A: Keith Khasiak, Joseph Shakal,
39、 Paul Sojka, and especially Robert Burgess, who served as Chair of the developmental group.viiiASME PTC COMMITTEEPerformance Test Codes(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Code.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSJ. R. Friedman, ChairJ. W. Milton, Vice ChairJ. H. Ka
40、rian, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELP. G. Albert, General Electric Co. J. A. Silvaggio, Siemens Demag Delaval, Inc.R. P. Allen, Consultant W. G. Steele, Mississippi State UniversityJ. M. Burns, Burns Engineering, Inc. T. L. Toburen, T2E3, Inc.W. C. Campbell, Southern Company Services, Inc. G
41、. E. Weber, Midwest Generation EME LLCM. J. Dooley, Alstom Power, Inc. J. C. Westcott, Mustan Corp.J. R. Friedman, Siemens Energy, Inc. W. C. Wood, Duke Energy, Inc.G. J. Gerber, Consultant T. K. Kirpatrick, Alternate, McHale however, they should not contain proprietary names or information.Requests
42、 that are not in this format will be rewritten in this format by the Committee prior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional information that might affect an interpret
43、ation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not approve, certify, rate, or endorse any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. Attending Committee Meetings. The PTC Standards Committee and PTC
44、Committees hold meetings regularly, which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of the PTC Committee.xINTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKASME PTC 51-201111-1 OBJECTThis Code provides procedures for in situ testing of inlet air-conditioning systems (cooling/h
45、eating) as they apply to gas turbines in simple, cogeneration, and com-bined-cycle applications.The intent of this Code is to provide results with the lowest reasonably achievable uncertainty consist-ent with the best engineering knowledge and practice in the industry, such that appropriate instrume
46、ntation and measurement techniques and procedures be used to determine the following performance variables, as applicable: performance factor carryover auxiliary consumption (power/thermal) temperature change water discharge water consumption distribution/stratification pressure dropThis Code also p
47、rovides procedures for the calcula-tion of the results, and for the correction of the results to reference conditions, as a measure of gas turbine inlet air-conditioning systems performance.1-2 SCOPEThis Code may be used for in situ testing of inlet air-conditioning systems (cooling/heating) as they
48、 apply to gas turbines in simple, cogeneration, and combined- cycle applications. Cooling systems covered by this Code include evaporative systems (foggers and media-based evaporative coolers) and mechanical/thermal refrig-eration systems. Heating systems covered by this Code include compressor-blee
49、d type systems and heating-coil systems.This Code is limited to gas turbine inlet air-condition-ing systems and does not apply to the following: building heating, cooling, or refrigeration systems gas turbine compressor intercoolers wet compression, overspray, deluge, overfogging, and similar technologies other power plant applications such as air-cooled electrical generators gas turbine performanceIn addition, this Code does not apply to the testing of individual atomizing nozzles. However, the Committee recognizes that carryover is
