1、Designation: A1012 10Standard Specification forSeamless and Welded Ferritic, Austenitic and Duplex AlloySteel Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With IntegralFins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1012; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification describes seamless and welded fer-ritic, austen
3、itic and duplex alloy steel tubing on which theexternal or internal surface, or both, has been modified by acold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surfacefor improved heat transfer. The tubes are used in surfacecondensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and similar heattransfer apparatus
4、 in unfinned end diameters up to and includ-ing 1 in. (25.4 mm). Boiler tubes are excluded.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains to thetest method portion
5、 only, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita
6、-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A213/A213M Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Aus-tenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger TubesA249/A249M Specification for Welded Austenitic SteelBoiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and CondenserTubesA268/A268M
7、 Specification for Seamless and Welded Fer-ritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for GeneralServiceA269 Specification for Seamless and Welded AusteniticStainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA688/A688M Specification for Welded Austenitic StainlessSteel Feedwater Heater TubesA789/A789M Spec
8、ification for Seamless and WeldedFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Ser-viceA803/A803M Specification for Welded Ferritic StainlessSteel Feedwater Heater TubesA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysA1016/A1016M Specification for Genera
9、l Requirementsfor Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-less Steel Tubes3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definition of general terms used in thisspecification, refer to Specification A941.3.2 Symbols (Integral Fin Tube Nomenclature):D = outside diameter of unenhanced sectionDi= ins
10、ide diameter of unenhanced sectiondr= root diameter of enhanced section outside of tubedo= outside diameter of enhanced sectiondi= inside diameter of enhanced sectionW = wall thickness of unenhanced sectionWf= wall thickness of enhanced sectionFh= height of finenhanced section outside of tubeFm= mea
11、n fin thicknessenhanced section outside of tubeP = mean rib pitchenhanced section inside of tubeRh= height of ribenhanced section inside of tubeHa= rib helix angleenhanced section inside of tubeTt= transition taper4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify allreq
12、uirements that are necessary for material ordered under thisspecification. Such requirements may include, but are notlimited to, the following:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (this specifica-tion);1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel a
13、nd Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2007 asA101202(2007). DOI:10.1520/A1012-10.2For referen
14、ced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyri
15、ght ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue (plain tubespecification);4.1.3 Welded or seamless;4.1.4 Alloy grade and UNS designation;4.1.5 Dimensions; plain tube outside diameter, plain tubewall
16、thickness (average or minimum specified), length andlocation of unenhanced surfaces and the total tube length.Configuration of enhanced surfaces (fins per unit length, finheight, wall thickness under fin, rib pitch, rib height, etc.) shallbe as agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser(see
17、Figs. 1 and 2).4.1.6 Temper (as-finned or stress relief annealed);4.1.7 Quantity;4.1.8 Packaging;4.1.9 Nondestructive tests;4.1.10 Customer inspection;4.1.11 Mill test report;4.1.12 Certification.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable
18、requirements of Specification A1016/A1016M unless otherwise provided herein.5.2 Enhanced (integrally finned) sections of the tube shallbe produced by cold forming the tubing in such a manner thatexterior fins, wall under the fin and inside ribs (when specified)are homogeneous.5.3 Tubes described by
19、this specification shall be furnishedwith unenhanced (plain) ends.5.4 Enhanced sections of the tube are normally supplied inthe “as finned” temper (cold worked condition produced by theenhancing operation). The unenhanced sections of the tubeshall be in the annealed condition and shall be suitable f
20、orrolling-in operations.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The integrally enhanced (finned) tubes shall be manu-factured from seamless, welded, or welded/cold worked plaintubes that conform to one of the following ASTM specifica-tions: A213/A213M, A249/A249M, A268/A268M, A269,A688/A688M, A789/A789M, A8
21、03/A803M.7. Temper7.1 The tube after enhancing shall normally be supplied inthe as-finned temper. When specified by the purchaser, forbending, coiling or other fabricating operations, enhancedportions of the tube may be stress relief annealed or solutionannealed.7.2 Heat treatment of enhanced sectio
22、ns, or bend areas, orboth, shall be in accordance with the governing plain tubespecification.8. Chemical Composition8.1 The tubing specified shall conform to the chemicalrequirements prescribed in the governing plain tube specifica-tion.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The tube prior to the finning operat
23、ion, or unenhancedportions of the finned tube, shall conform to the requirementsfor tensile properties prescribed in the governing plain tubespecification.10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions10.1 DiameterThe outside diameter of the unenhancedsections shall not exceed the diameter tolerances show
24、n in thegoverning plain tube specification as measured by micrometersand verified by “go” and “no go” ring gages. The diameter overthe enhanced sections shall not exceed the diameter of the plainsections involved, as determined by a “go” ring gage unlessotherwise specified. The dimensions of the rin
25、g gages shall beas described in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2.10.1.1 The inside diameter dimension of the “go” ring gageshall be equal to the nominal tube diameter, plus the maximumtolerance, plus .002 in. The length of the “go” ring gage shallbe 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.10.1.2 The inside diameter dimension of t
26、he “no go” ringgage shall be equal to the nominal tube diameter minus themaximum tolerance. The length of the “no go” ring gage shallbe 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.10.2 Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness of enhanced andunenhanced sections shall not exceed the thickness tolerancesshown in the governing pla
27、in tube specification unless other-wise agreed to between the manufacture and purchaser. Notube at any point shall be less than the minimum thicknessspecified in the plain sections or in the enhanced sections.10.3 LengthThe length of the tubes shall not be less thanthat specified, but may exceed the
28、 specified value by theamounts given in Table 1.10.3.1 The length of plain ends, as measured from the tubeend to the first tool impression, shall not be less than thatspecified, but may exceed the specified value by12 in. (12.7mm).FIG. 1 Outside Enhancement OnlyFIG. 2 Outside and Inside EnhancementA
29、1012 10210.3.2 The length of fin sections and lands (unenhancedportions) shall be as specified 614 in. (6.35 mm).10.4 Squareness of CutThe angle of cut of the end of anytube may depart from square by not more than 0.016 in.10.5 StraightnessThe tube shall be reasonably straightand free of bends or ki
30、nks.11. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance11.1 Finished tubes shall be clean and free of foreignmaterial, shall have smooth ends free of burrs, and shall be freeof injurious external and internal imperfections. Minor defectsmay be removed, provided the dimensional tolerances ofSection 10 are not exc
31、eeded.11.2 A slight amount of oxidation on the surface resultingfrom heat treatment after enhancing or bending is acceptable.When the plain tube specification allows for a slight amount ofoxidation on the surface resulting from heat treatment, this alsois acceptable.12. Nondestructive Tests12.1 Afte
32、r enhancing operations, subject each tube to anondestructive electromagnetic test, and either a pneumatic orhydrostatic test as specified in the purchase order. Tubesnormally shall be tested in the as-fabricated condition but, atthe option of the manufacturer or purchaser, may be tested inthe stress
33、 relief annealed condition.12.1.1 Eddy Current TestEddy current inspect the tube bypassing it through an encircling coil designed to test the entirecross section of the tube.12.1.1.1 The reference standard used to adjust the sensitiv-ity setting of the apparatus shall be sound and of the samenominal
34、 alloy, enhanced configuration, condition (temper), andnominal dimensions as the lot of tubes to be tested on aproduction basis. Drill four holes not larger than 0.031 in.(0.787 mm) in diameter radially through the enhanced wall ineach of four successive planes at 0, 90, 180, and 270. Usea suitable
35、drill jig to guide the drill, taking care to avoiddistortion of the adjacent fins. Locate one hole in the weld forwelded material. Space artificial discontinuities at least 16 in.(406 mm) apart to provide signal resolution adequate forinterpretation. Discard and replace the reference standard whener
36、roneous signals are produced from mechanical, metallurgi-cal, or other damage to the tube.12.1.1.2 Adjust the eddy current test unit to obtain anoptimum signal-to-noise ratio with the minimum sensitivityrequired to detect all four artificial defects in the referencestandard on a repeatable basis. Eq
37、uipment adjustments andtube speed maintained during calibration shall be the same forproduction tubes.12.1.1.3 Set aside tubes showing an eddy current indicationin excess of any signal obtained from artificial defects in thereference standard and subject them to retest or rejection.12.1.1.4 Tubes ca
38、using irrelevant signals because of debrisand like effects shall be considered to conform, should they notcause output signals beyond acceptable limits when retested.Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of visible and identi-fiable handling marks (rough fin tip, notches in the fin) shall beconsi
39、dered to conform, provided the wall thickness in theenhanced and unenhanced areas is not less than the minimumspecified.12.1.1.5 Tubes causing relevant signals because of injuriousdefects (incomplete welds, splits, embedded debris, brokentool impressions, ID defects), that reduce the wall thicknessb
40、elow the minimum specified shall be rejected. If, after retestand examination, no source for the reject signal can bediscerned, the tube shall be rejected.12.1.2 Pneumatic TestAfter finning, each tube shall besubjected to an internal pneumatic leak test for 5 s withoutshowing evidence of leakage.Any
41、 evidence of leakage shall because for rejection. The test method used shall permit easyvisual detection of any leakage, such as using the air underwater at a minimum of 250 psi (1.72 MPa) or the pneumaticleak method in accordance with SpecificationA1016/A1016M.12.1.2.1 Air Underwater Pressure TestE
42、ach tube shall betested in accordance with SpecificationA1016/A1016M exceptusing test pressure specified in 12.1.2.12.1.2.2 Pressure Differential TestProcedure and accep-tance criteria shall be agreed upon between the manufacturerand purchaser.12.1.3 Hydrostatic TestWhen examined with this testmetho
43、d, each tube shall be tested in accordance with Specifi-cation A1016/A1016M, except, the equation for calculatingtest pressure shall be modified as follows:Inch2Pound Units: P 5 32 000 Wf/ dr(1)SI Units: P 5 220.6 Wf/ drwhere:P = hydrostatic test pressure, psi (or MPa),Wf= wall under fin thickness,
44、in. (or mm),dr= fin root diameter, in. (or mm),12.1.3.1 As agreed upon between the manufacturer andpurchaser, a minimum hydrostatic test pressure in excess of therequirements of Specification A1016/A1016M may be statedon the order. The tube wall stress shall be determined by thefollowing equation:S
45、5 Pdr/2Wf(2)where:S = tube wall stress, psi (or MPa), and all other symbols asdefined in 12.1.3.12.1.3.2 The hydrostatic test may be performed before thetube is cut to final length but must be performed afterenhancing, bending, heat treatment, or other forming opera-tions.13. Inspection13.1 The manu
46、facturer shall inspect and make the necessarytests to verify that the enhanced tubes furnished conform to therequirements of the customer purchase order and to therequirements of this specification.TABLE 1 Length TolerancesSpecified Length, ft (m) Tolerance, in. (mm)Up to 24 (7.3), incl +18 (3.2)Ove
47、r 24 to 34 (7.3 to 10.4), incl +14 (6.4)Over 34 to 44 (10.4 to 13.4), incl +38 (9.5)Over 44 (13.4) +12 (12.7) maxA1012 10313.2 Should the purchaser additionally elect to perform hisown inspection, the manufacturer shall make provisions forsuch in accordance with requirements specified in Specificati
48、onA1016/A1016M.14. Rejection14.1 Provisions for rejection shall be in accordance withrequirements in Specification A1016/A1016M.15. Certified Test Report15.1 The manufacturer shall furnish to the purchaser acertified test report in accordance with requirements specifiedin A1016/A1016M.15.2 In additi
49、on, the certified test report shall include thefollowing information and test results, as modified, whenapplicable:15.2.1 Plain Tube:15.2.1.1 ASTM material designation.15.2.1.2 Welded or seamless.15.2.1.3 Alloy grade and UNS designation.15.2.1.4 Tube dimensions (outside diameter and wall thick-ness).15.2.1.5 Heat number.15.2.1.6 Heat analysis.15.2.1.7 Product analysis, when specified.15.2.1.8 Tensile properties.15.2.1.9 Flattening test acceptable.15.2.1.10 Reverse flattening test acceptable.15.2.1.11 Flaring test acceptable.15.2.1.12 Flange test acceptable
