1、Designation: A1012 10 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forSeamless and Welded Ferritic, Austenitic and Duplex AlloySteel Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With IntegralFins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1012; the number immediately following the designation indicates t
2、he year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification describes seamless and weldedf
3、erritic, austenitic and duplex alloy steel tubing on which theexternal or internal surface, or both, has been modified by acold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surfacefor improved heat transfer. The tubes are used in surfacecondensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and similar heattra
4、nsfer apparatus in unfinned end diameters up to and includ-ing 1 in. (25.4 mm). Boiler tubes are excluded.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains to thetest
5、 method portion only, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of re
6、gulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A213/A213M Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Aus-tenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger TubesA249/A249M Specification for Welded Austenitic SteelBoiler, Superheater, Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser
7、TubesA268/A268M Specification for Seamless and Welded Fer-ritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for GeneralServiceA269 Specification for Seamless and Welded AusteniticStainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA688/A688M Specification for Seamless and Welded Aus-tenitic Stainless Steel Feedwat
8、er Heater TubesA789/A789M Specification for Seamless and WeldedFerritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for GeneralServiceA803/A803M Specification for Seamless and Welded Fer-ritic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater TubesA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedAlloys, and Ferroal
9、loysA1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements forFerritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and StainlessSteel Tubes3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definition of general terms used in thisspecification, refer to Specification A941.3.2 Symbols (Integral Fin Tube Nomenclature):D = outsid
10、e diameter of unenhanced sectionDi= inside diameter of unenhanced sectiondr= root diameter of enhanced section outside of tubedo= outside diameter of enhanced sectiondi= inside diameter of enhanced sectionW = wall thickness of unenhanced sectionWf= wall thickness of enhanced sectionFh= height of fin
11、enhanced section outside of tubeFm= mean fin thicknessenhanced section outside of tubeP = mean rib pitchenhanced section inside of tubeRh= height of ribenhanced section inside of tubeHa= rib helix angleenhanced section inside of tubeTt= transition taper4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the responsibi
12、lity of the purchaser to specify allrequirements that are necessary for material ordered under thisspecification. Such requirements may include, but are notlimited to, the following:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (this specifica-tion);1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM C
13、ommittee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A1012
14、10. DOI:10.1520/A1012-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section app
15、ears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue (plain tubespecification);4.1.3 Welded or seamless;4.1.4 Alloy grade and UNS designation;4.1.5 Dimensions; plain
16、tube outside diameter, plain tubewall thickness (average or minimum specified), length andlocation of unenhanced surfaces and the total tube length.Configuration of enhanced surfaces (fins per unit length, finheight, wall thickness under fin, rib pitch, rib height, etc.) shallbe as agreed upon betwe
17、en the manufacturer and purchaser(see Figs. 1 and 2).4.1.6 Temper (as-finned or stress relief annealed);4.1.7 Quantity;4.1.8 Packaging;4.1.9 Nondestructive tests;4.1.10 Customer inspection;4.1.11 Mill test report;4.1.12 Certification.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specifica
18、tion shall con-form to the applicable requirements of Specification A1016/A1016M unless otherwise provided herein.5.2 Enhanced (integrally finned) sections of the tube shallbe produced by cold forming the tubing in such a manner thatexterior fins, wall under the fin and inside ribs (when specified)a
19、re homogeneous.5.3 Tubes described by this specification shall be furnishedwith unenhanced (plain) ends.5.4 Enhanced sections of the tube are normally supplied inthe “as finned” temper (cold worked condition produced by theenhancing operation). The unenhanced sections of the tubeshall be in the anne
20、aled condition and shall be suitable forrolling-in operations.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The integrally enhanced (finned) tubes shall be manu-factured from seamless, welded, or welded/cold worked plaintubes that conform to one of the following ASTM specifica-tions: A213/A213M, A249/A249M, A268/
21、A268M, A269,A688/A688M, A789/A789M, A803/A803M.7. Temper7.1 The tube after enhancing shall normally be supplied inthe as-finned temper. When specified by the purchaser, forbending, coiling or other fabricating operations, enhancedportions of the tube may be stress relief annealed or solutionannealed
22、.7.2 Heat treatment of enhanced sections, or bend areas, orboth, shall be in accordance with the governing plain tubespecification.8. Chemical Composition8.1 The tubing specified shall conform to the chemicalrequirements prescribed in the governing plain tube specifica-tion.9. Tensile Requirements9.
23、1 The tube prior to the finning operation, or unenhancedportions of the finned tube, shall conform to the requirementsfor tensile properties prescribed in the governing plain tubespecification.10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions10.1 DiameterThe outside diameter of the unenhancedsections shall n
24、ot exceed the diameter tolerances shown in thegoverning plain tube specification as measured by micrometersand verified by “go” and “no go” ring gages. The diameter overthe enhanced sections shall not exceed the diameter of the plainsections involved, as determined by a “go” ring gage unlessotherwis
25、e specified. The dimensions of the ring gages shall beas described in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2.10.1.1 The inside diameter dimension of the “go” ring gageshall be equal to the nominal tube diameter, plus the maximumtolerance, plus 0.002 in. The length of the “go” ring gage shallbe 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.10
26、.1.2 The inside diameter dimension of the “no go” ringgage shall be equal to the nominal tube diameter minus themaximum tolerance. The length of the “no go” ring gage shallbe 1 in. (25.4 mm) minimum.10.2 Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness of enhanced andunenhanced sections shall not exceed the thickne
27、ss tolerancesshown in the governing plain tube specification unless other-wise agreed to between the manufacture and purchaser. Notube at any point shall be less than the minimum thicknessspecified in the plain sections or in the enhanced sections.10.3 LengthThe length of the tubes shall not be less
28、 thanthat specified, but may exceed the specified value by theamounts given in Table 1.10.3.1 The length of plain ends, as measured from the tubeend to the first tool impression, shall not be less than thatspecified, but may exceed the specified value by12 in. (12.7mm).FIG. 1 Outside Enhancement Onl
29、yFIG. 2 Outside and Inside EnhancementA1012 10 (2015)210.3.2 The length of fin sections and lands (unenhancedportions) shall be as specified 614 in. (6.35 mm).10.4 Squareness of CutThe angle of cut of the end of anytube may depart from square by not more than 0.016 in.10.5 StraightnessThe tube shall
30、 be reasonably straightand free of bends or kinks.11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance11.1 Finished tubes shall be clean and free of foreignmaterial, shall have smooth ends free of burrs, and shall be freeof injurious external and internal imperfections. Minor defectsmay be removed, provided the
31、dimensional tolerances ofSection 10 are not exceeded.11.2 A slight amount of oxidation on the surface resultingfrom heat treatment after enhancing or bending is acceptable.When the plain tube specification allows for a slight amount ofoxidation on the surface resulting from heat treatment, this also
32、is acceptable.12. Nondestructive Tests12.1 After enhancing operations, subject each tube to anondestructive electromagnetic test, and either a pneumatic orhydrostatic test as specified in the purchase order. Tubesnormally shall be tested in the as-fabricated condition but, atthe option of the manufa
33、cturer or purchaser, may be tested inthe stress relief annealed condition.12.1.1 Eddy Current TestEddy current inspect the tube bypassing it through an encircling coil designed to test the entirecross section of the tube.12.1.1.1 The reference standard used to adjust the sensitiv-ity setting of the
34、apparatus shall be sound and of the samenominal alloy, enhanced configuration, condition (temper), andnominal dimensions as the lot of tubes to be tested on aproduction basis. Drill four holes not larger than 0.031 in.(0.787 mm) in diameter radially through the enhanced wall ineach of four successiv
35、e planes at 0, 90, 180, and 270. Usea suitable drill jig to guide the drill, taking care to avoiddistortion of the adjacent fins. Locate one hole in the weld forwelded material. Space artificial discontinuities at least 16 in.(406 mm) apart to provide signal resolution adequate forinterpretation. Di
36、scard and replace the reference standard whenerroneous signals are produced from mechanical,metallurgical, or other damage to the tube.12.1.1.2 Adjust the eddy current test unit to obtain anoptimum signal-to-noise ratio with the minimum sensitivityrequired to detect all four artificial defects in th
37、e referencestandard on a repeatable basis. Equipment adjustments andtube speed maintained during calibration shall be the same forproduction tubes.12.1.1.3 Set aside tubes showing an eddy current indicationin excess of any signal obtained from artificial defects in thereference standard and subject
38、them to retest or rejection.12.1.1.4 Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of debrisand like effects shall be considered to conform, should they notcause output signals beyond acceptable limits when retested.Tubes causing irrelevant signals because of visible and identi-fiable handling marks (rou
39、gh fin tip, notches in the fin) shall beconsidered to conform, provided the wall thickness in theenhanced and unenhanced areas is not less than the minimumspecified.12.1.1.5 Tubes causing relevant signals because of injuriousdefects (incomplete welds, splits, embedded debris, brokentool impressions,
40、 ID defects), that reduce the wall thicknessbelow the minimum specified shall be rejected. If, after retestand examination, no source for the reject signal can bediscerned, the tube shall be rejected.12.1.2 Pneumatic TestAfter finning, each tube shall besubjected to an internal pneumatic leak test f
41、or 5 s withoutshowing evidence of leakage.Any evidence of leakage shall because for rejection. The test method used shall permit easyvisual detection of any leakage, such as using the air underwater at a minimum of 250 psi (1.72 MPa) or the pneumaticleak method in accordance with Specification A1016
42、/A1016M.12.1.2.1 Air Underwater Pressure TestEach tube shall betested in accordance with Specification A1016/A1016M exceptusing test pressure specified in 12.1.2.12.1.2.2 Pressure Differential TestProcedure and accep-tance criteria shall be agreed upon between the manufacturerand purchaser.12.1.3 Hy
43、drostatic TestWhen examined with this testmethod, each tube shall be tested in accordance with Specifi-cation A1016/A1016M, except, the equation for calculatingtest pressure shall be modified as follows:Inch 2 Pound Units:P 5 32000 Wf/dr(1)SI Units:P 5 220.6 Wf/drwhere:P = hydrostatic test pressure,
44、 psi (or MPa),Wf= wall under fin thickness, in. (or mm),dr= fin root diameter, in. (or mm),12.1.3.1 As agreed upon between the manufacturer andpurchaser, a minimum hydrostatic test pressure in excess of therequirements of Specification A1016/A1016M may be statedon the order. The tube wall stress sha
45、ll be determined by thefollowing equation:S 5 Pdr/2Wf(2)where:S = tube wall stress, psi (or MPa), and all other symbols asdefined in 12.1.3.12.1.3.2 The hydrostatic test may be performed before thetube is cut to final length but must be performed afterenhancing, bending, heat treatment, or other for
46、ming opera-tions.TABLE 1 Length TolerancesSpecified Length, ft (m) Tolerance, in. (mm)Up to 24 (7.3), incl +18 (3.2)Over 24 to 34 (7.3 to 10.4), incl +14 (6.4)Over 34 to 44 (10.4 to 13.4), incl +38 (9.5)Over 44 (13.4) +12 (12.7) maxA1012 10 (2015)313. Inspection13.1 The manufacturer shall inspect an
47、d make the necessarytests to verify that the enhanced tubes furnished conform to therequirements of the customer purchase order and to therequirements of this specification.13.2 Should the purchaser additionally elect to perform hisown inspection, the manufacturer shall make provisions forsuch in ac
48、cordance with requirements specified in SpecificationA1016/A1016M.14. Rejection14.1 Provisions for rejection shall be in accordance withrequirements in Specification A1016/A1016M.15. Certified Test Report15.1 The manufacturer shall furnish to the purchaser acertified test report in accordance with r
49、equirements specifiedin A1016/A1016M.15.2 In addition, the certified test report shall include thefollowing information and test results, as modified, whenapplicable:15.2.1 Plain Tube:15.2.1.1 ASTM material designation.15.2.1.2 Welded or seamless.15.2.1.3 Alloy grade and UNS designation.15.2.1.4 Tube dimensions (outside diameter and wall thick-ness).15.2.1.5 Heat number.15.2.1.6 Heat analysis.15.2.1.7 Product analysis, when specified.15.2.1.8 Tensile properties.15.2.1.9 Flattening test acceptable.15.2.1.10 Reverse flattening test acceptable.15.2.1.11 Flar
