1、Designation: A 1020/A 1020M 02 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forSteel Tubes, Carbon and Carbon Manganese, FusionWelded, for Boiler, Superheater, Heat Exchanger andCondenser Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 1020/A 1020M; the number immediately following the
2、 designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification cover
3、s minimum wall thicknesswelded tubes made from carbon and carbon manganese steelslisted in Table 1, with various grades intended for use in boiler,superheater, heat exchanger, or condenser applications.1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished tothis specification are14 to 5 in. 6.3 to
4、127 mm in outsidediameter and 0.015 to 0.375 in. 0.4 to 9.5 mm, inclusive, inwall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be fur-nished provided such tubes comply with all other requirementsof this specification.1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply totubing smaller than18 in. 3.2
5、mm in inside diameter or 0.015in. 0.4 mm in thickness.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe us
6、ed independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of the specification is specified in the order.1.5 Optional supplementary requirements are provided andwhen desired, sh
7、all be so stated on the purchase order.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory r
8、equirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 450/A 450M Specification for General Requirements forCarbon and Low Alloy Steel TubesE 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand TubingE 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the WeldZone of Welded Pipe and Tub
9、ing3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under this specification shouldinclude the following, as required, to describe the desiredmaterial adequately:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths).3.1.2 Name of material (welded tubes).3.1.3 Grade (Table 1).3.1.4 Size (outside diameter
10、 and minimum wall thickness).3.1.5 Length (specific or random).3.1.6 Optional requirements (product analysis, hydrostaticor nondestructive electric test, crush test, and bar coding).3.1.7 Test report required (see Certification Section ofSpecification A 450/A 450M).3.1.8 Specification designation.3.
11、1.9 Optional supplementary requirements are providedand when desired, shall be designated on the order.4. General Requirements4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise providedhe
12、rein.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 All steels shall be killed.5.2 The tubes shall be made by an automatic fusion weldingprocess with no addition of filler metal.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct respons
13、ibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 1020/A 1020M - 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
14、 Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements, Composition, %Element Grade ALow CarbonSteelGrade CMedium CarbonSteelGrade DCarbon ManganeseSteelCarbon 0.060.18 0
15、.30 max 0.27 maxManganese 0.270.63 0.80 max 1.001.50Phosphorus 0.035 max 0.035 max 0.030 maxSulfur 0.035 max 0.035 max 0.015 maxSilicon No Requirement No Requirement 0.10 min1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Heat Tre
16、atment6.1 After welding, all tubes shall be heat treated at atemperature of 1650F 900C or higher and followed bycooling in air or in the cooling chamber of a controlledatmosphere furnace. Cold drawn tubes shall be heat treatedafter the final cold-draw pass at a temperature of 1200F650C or higher.7.
17、Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.7.2 When a grade is ordered under this specification, sup-plying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition ofany element other than those listed in Table 1 is not permitte
18、d.8. Product Analysis8.1 For the purpose of product analysis, a lot consists of 250pieces for sizes up to and including 3 in. 76.2 mm OD and100 pieces for sizes over 3 in. 76.2 mm OD; or when tubesare identified by heat number, all tubes within that heat.8.2 When requested on the purchase order, a p
19、roduct analy-sis shall be made by the manufacturer or supplier from one tubeper lot. The chemical composition thus determined shallconform to the requirements specified.8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retest of twoadditional tubes per lot shall be made. Both retests, for theelem
20、ents in question, shall meet the requirements of thespecification; otherwise all remaining material in the heat or lotshall be rejected; or at the option of the producer, each tubemay be individually tested for acceptance and those pieces thatdo not meet the requirements of the specification shall b
21、erejected.9. Tensile and Hardness Requirements9.1 The term lot for tension and hardness tests applies to alltubes prior to cutting, of the same specified outside diameterand wall thickness, which are produced from the same heat ofsteel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lotshal
22、l include only those tubes of the same size and the sameheat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. Whenthe final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shallinclude all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in thesame furnace, at the same temperature, time at heat, and
23、furnace speed.9.2 For Grade A tubes, hardness test shall be made onspecimens from each of two tubes from each lot and shall nothave a hardness number exceeding 72 HRB.9.3 Grade C and D tubes, one tension test shall be made onspecimens from each of two tubes from each lot and shallconform to properti
24、es prescribed in Table 2.9.4 Table 3 gives the computed minimum elongation valuesfor each132-in, 0.8-mm decrease in wall thickness. Where thewall thickness lies between two values shown above. Theminimum elongation value shall be determined by the follow-ing equation:E 5 48t 1 15.00E 5 1.87t 1 15.00
25、where:E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %, andt = actual wall thickness of specimen, in. mm.10. Crush Test10.1 Where specified in the purchase order, crushing testsshall be made. The test specimens shall be sections of tubehaving a length that is at least 212 times the specified outsidediameter
26、 of the tube for tubes that are less than 1 in. 25.4 mmin specified outside diameter, and at least 212 in. 63 mm fortubes that are 1 in. 25.4 mm or larger in specified outsidediameter. Slight surface checks shall not be cause for rejection.The test specimens shall withstand crushing longitudinallywi
27、thout cracking, splitting, or opening at the weld, as follows:Wall Thickness of Tubes,in. mmHeight of Crushed Section,in. mmGrade A Tubes Grades C and D Tubes0.135 in. 3.4 and under34 in. 19 or until outsidefolds are in contactCrush tests not requiredOver 0.135 in. 3.4 114 3211. Mechanical Tests Req
28、uired11.1 For mechanical tests, a lot consists of 250 tubes forsizes up to and including 3 in. 76.2 mm and 100 tubes forsizes over 3 in. 76.2 mm, or fraction thereof, prior to cutting.11.2 Flattening TestsOne flattening test shall be made onspecimens from each of two tubes from each lot or fractiont
29、hereof.11.3 Flange Test:11.3.1 For Grade A, one flange test shall be made onspecimens from each of two tubes from each lot or fractionthereof.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade C Grade DTensile strength, min, ksi, MPa 60 415 70 485Yield strength, min, ksi, MPa 37 255 40 275Elongation in 2 in. or 50 m
30、m, min % 30 30For elongation strip tests, a deduction for each132-in. 0.8mm decrease in wall thickness below516 in. 8 mm fromthe basic minimum elongation of the following percentagepoints shall be made.1.50A1.50AASee Table 3 for the computed minimum values.NoteFor the purposes of design, the followi
31、ng tensile properties may beassumed for Grade A tubes:Tensile strength, min, ksi, MPa 47 325Yield strength, min, ksi, MPa 26 180Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 35TABLE 3 Minimum Elongation ValuesWall ThicknessElongation in 2 in. or50 mm, min, %Ain. mm516 (0.312) 8 30932 (0.281) 7.2 2914 (0.250)
32、 6.4 27732 (0.219) 5.6 26316 (0.188) 4.8 24532 (0.156) 4 2218 (0.125) 3.2 21332 (0.094) 2.4 20116 (0.062) 1.6 18ACalculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest wholenumber.A 1020/A 1020M 02 (2007)211.3.2 For Grades C and D, one flange test shall be made onspecimens from each of t
33、wo tubes from each lot or fractionthereof. The width of the flange shall not be less than 75 % ofthat specified in specification A 450/A 450M.11.4 Crush TestFor Grade A, where specified in thepurchase order, one crush test shall be made on specimens fromeach of two tubes from each lot or fraction th
34、ereof.11.5 Reverse Flattening TestOne reverse flattening testshall be made on each 1500 ft 450 m of finished tubing.12. Nondestructive Examination12.1 Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric TestEachtube shall be subjected to either the hydrostatic or the nonde-structive electric test. The purchaser
35、may specify which test isto be used.13. Surface Condition13.1 The finished tubes shall be free of scale. A slightamount of oxidation shall not be considered as scale.14. Forming Operations14.1 When inserted in a boiler or heat exchanger, tubes shallbe capable of withstanding expanding and beading wi
36、thoutshowing cracks or flaws, or opening at the weld. Whenproperly manipulated, superheater tubes shall withstand allforging, welding, and bending operations necessary for appli-cations without developing defects.15. Product Marking15.1 Marking shall be in accordance with SpecificationA 450/A 450M.1
37、5.2 The manufacturers name or symbol may be placedpermanently on each tube by rolling or light stamping beforenormalizing. If a single stamp is placed on the tube by hand,this mark should not be less than 8 in. 200 mm from one endof the tube.15.3 Bar CodingIn addition to the requirements in 15.1and
38、15.2, bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identifi-cation method. The purchaser may specify in the order aspecific bar coding system to be used.16. Keywords16.1 automatic welded steel tube; boiler tube; carbon; steeltube; welded steel tubeSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary
39、requirements may become part of the specification when specified inthe inquiry or invitation to bid, and production order or contract. These requirements shall not beconsidered unless specified in the order and the necessary tests shall be made at the mill.S1. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing for
40、 ASMERequirementsS1.1 The weld seam of each tube shall be subjected to anultrasonic inspection employing Practice E 273 or PracticeE 213 with the rejection criteria referenced in SpecificationA 450/A 450M.S1.2 If Practice E 273 is employed, a 100 % volumetricinspection of the entire length of each t
41、ube shall also beperformed using one of the nondestructive electric tests per-mitted by Specification A 450/A 450M.S1.3 The test methods described in the supplement may notbe capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. Thiscondition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter-mined by
42、the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded.S1.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecificationA 450/A 450M, “S1” shall be added after the gradedesignation.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin
43、this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must
44、 be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of ther
45、esponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
46、 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A 1020/A 1020M 02 (2007)3
