1、Designation: A1021/A1021M 05 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forMartensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and Forging Stock forHigh-Temperature Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1021/A1021M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers martensitic chromium stainlesssteel forgin
3、gs, forged bar, and forging stock for high tempera-ture service. The mechanical properties are developed bysuitable heat treatment, as indicated for each alloy.1.2 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound unitsand in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contractspecifies the app
4、licable M specification designation (SI units),the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in eitherinch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately asstandard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefo
5、re, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-formance with the standard.1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supple-mentary requirements shall apply only whe
6、n specified indi-vidually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determ
7、ine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination ofSteel ForgingsA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General
8、 Re-quirementsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture NotchTension Tests of MaterialsE381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction bySystematic Manual Point Count
9、3. Ordering Information3.1 In addition to the ordering information required bySpecification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall specify thegrade designation, heat treatment condition, class and finish,and include a sketch or written description of the forging withthe inquiry and order.4. General Require
10、ments4.1 Materials supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A788/A788M, including anysupplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchaseorder. Failure to comply with the general requirements ofSpecification A788/A788M constitutes non-conformance with
11、this specification. In case of conflict between the requirementsof this specification and Specification A788/A788M, thisspecification shall prevail.5. Manufacture5.1 Melting ProcessAll melting processes of SpecificationA788/A788M are permitted unless the purchaser invokesSupplementary Requirement S1
12、.5.2 Forging ProcessEither the closed impression die orthe open die, including ring rolling, forging processes may beutilized unless the purchaser specifies a process.5.3 Heat TreatmentQuenched and tempered classes shallbe heat-treated in accordance with Table 1.5.3.1 Number of Heat TreatmentsHeat t
13、reatment as de-fined in Table 1 shall consist of austenitizing, quenching, andtempering. Retempering is permitted but purchaser approval isrequired for more than one complete reheat treatment.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related All
14、oys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved March 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A1021/A1021M 05(2010). DOI: 10.1520/A1021_A1021M-05R15.2For referenced ASTM sta
15、ndards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
16、PA 19428-2959. United States15.4 Stress ReliefWhen heat treatment for mechanicalproperties is followed by straightening, a stress-relieving heattreatment is required in accordance with Table 1.5.4.1 Quenching after Stress ReliefLiquid quenching ofstress-relieved forgings is prohibited.5.5 FinishForg
17、ings may be furnished in one of the fol-lowing hot-finished conditions:5.5.1 Finish FAs forged without descaling.5.5.2 Finish FDForged and descaled.5.5.3 Finish RTRough turned or rough machined to speci-fied dimensions. Billets or blooms ordered as forging stockshall be furnished with a ground, mach
18、ined, or descaled surfaceunless otherwise specified in the ordering document.5.6 CamberCamber shall not exceed14 in. 5 mm in 5 ft150 cm.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemicalcomposition prescribed in Table 2.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Tension, Impact, St
19、ress Rupture, and Hardness TestsAll testing shall be performed after heat treatment and stressrelief, as applicable. The material and test specimens shall meetthe requirements of Table 3 if fully heat-treated or Table 4 ifannealed. Mechanical property requirements, includinghardness, do not apply to
20、 forging stock when it is to be testedafter forging and heat treatment.7.2 Test SpecimensForgings may be lot tested. Test speci-mens may be obtained from production forgings or fromseparately forged test blanks prepared from the stock used tomake the finished part. Forgings that are lot tested shall
21、 beproduced from the same heat of steel and heat treated at thesame time. Separately forged test blanks shall receive essen-tially the same type of hot-working and forging reduction asthe production forgings; however, a longitudinally forged barwith dimensions not less than T by T by 3 T may be used
22、 torepresent a ring forging. The dimension T shall be representa-tive of the heaviest effective cross section of the forging.7.3 Test Specimen OrientationMechanical property re-quirements are for samples oriented in the direction of grainflow. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, manu-f
23、acturers may orient the samples in any direction provided themechanical property requirements are met.7.4 Test Specimen LocationWhen transverse or circumfer-ential specimens are tested, they shall be taken from as close asTABLE 1 Heat Treatment, F CGrade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade FClas
24、s1 stainless steel billets; stain-less steel forgingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in thecontract or order.S1. Secondary Melting and RefiningS1.1 ESR or VAR is required. Use of either is permittedunless otherwise s
25、pecified.S2. Ingot Chemical AnalysisS2.1 If consumable electrode remelting is used, then chemi-cal analyses of each remelted ingot shall meet the chemicalcomposition requirements listed and shall be reported.S3. MacrostructureS3.1 Samples shall be taken from the top and bottom of thefirst and last i
26、ngot of each heat. The structure of the startingbillets shall meet the criteria of Method E381, S-3, R-2, C-3 36 in.20.84 m2 and S-3, R-3, C-3 36 in.20.84 m2.S4. Magnetic Particle InspectionS4.1 Each forging shall be magnetic particle inspected inaccordance with Practice A275/A275M. The maximum acce
27、pt-able indication size shall be18 in. 3 mm unless otherwisespecified by the purchaser.S5. Ultrasonic InspectionS5.1 Ultrasonic inspection is required. The test method,location, and acceptance criteria shall be as agreed upon by thepurchaser and producer.S6. MicrostructureS6.1 The microstructure sha
28、ll be tempered martensite withno more than 2 % delta ferrite.TABLE 3 Mechanical PropertiesQuenched or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 05 (2015)4
